Ordinance 512 - Bureau of Fire Prevention4'71
ORDINANCE NO. 512
AN ORDTNANCS PROVIDING FOR THs ESTABLISHM0T OF
A BUREAU OF FIR"+'. PR V NTION, PROVIDING OFFICA'RS
TYREFORE AND DEFINING TILsIR POS9 RS AND DUTI1]S,
AND PRESCRIBING RAGULATIONS FOa FIRE PR3V7NTIO11
AND LIFT SAFETY IN CONNECTION ':KITH HAZARDOUS
MATERIALS AND PROC+.SSES.
' BA IT ORDAIN&D BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY'OF KALISPI'LL, MONTANA:
BUREAU OF FIRS PR 'VAITION AND
GiNERAL P3OVISIONS
101. A Bureau of Fire Prevention in the Fire Department of
the City of Kalispell, Fontana is hereby established which shall
be operated under the supervision of the Chief of the Fire
tepartment.
The Chief of the Fire Department shall designate an officer
(or member) of the Fire Department as Chief of the Bureau of Fire
Prevention, who shall hold this office at the pleasure of the
Chief of the Fire Department.
The Chief of the Fine Department may detail such other members
of the fire department as inspectors as shall from time to time ba
necessary. The Chief of the Fire Department shall recommend to the
City Council the employment of technical inspectors, who, when
such authorization is made, shall be selected through an examina-
tion to determine their fitness for therosition. The examination
shall be open to members and non-members of the fire department,
and appointments made after examination shall be for an indefinite
'
term with removal only for close.
102. It shall be the duty of the officers of the Bureau of
Fire Prevention to enforce all laws and ordinances covering the
following:
1. the prevention of fires;
2. The storage and use of explosives and flammables;
3. The installation and maintenance of automatic and
other private fire alarm systems, and fire extin-
guishing equipment;
4. The maintenance and regulation of fire escapes;
5. The means and adequacy of exit in case of fire,
from factories, schools, hotels, lodging houses,
asylums, hospitals, churches, halls, theatres,
amphitheatres, and all other places in which
numbers of persons work, live or congregate, from
time to time, for any purpose;
6. The investigation of the cause, origin, and circum-
stances of fires.
They shall have such other powers and perform such other
duties as are set forth in other sections of this ordinance, and
as may be conferred and imposed from time to time by law.
103. The Chief of the Fire Department, Chief of the Bureau
of Fire prevention or any Inspector may, at all reasonable hours,
enter any building or premises within his jurisdiction for the
purpose of making any inspection, or investigation which, under the
provisions of this ordinance, he or they may deem necessary to be
made.
104. The Chief of the Fire Department, Chief of the Bureau
of Fire Prevention or an Inspector specially designated thereto
shall inspect, as often as may be necessary, but not less than
four times a year, all specially hazardous manufacturing processes,
storages or installations of gases, chemicals, oils, explosives
and flammable materiels, all interior fire alarm and automatic
sprinkler systems, and such other hazards or appliances as the
Chief of the Fire Department shall designate, and shall make such
orders as may be necessary for the enforcement of the laws and
472
ordinances governing the same and for safeguarding of life and
property from fire.
105. It shall be the duty of the Chief of the Fire Depart-
ment to inspect, or cause to be inspected by the Bureau of Fire
Prevention, or.by the Fire Department officers and members, as
often as may be necessary, but not less than twice a year in out-
lying districts and four times a year in the closely built portions
of the city all buildings and premises extent the interiors of t
private dwellings, for the purpose of ascertaining and causing to
be corrected any conditions liable to cause fire, or any violations
of the provisions or intent of any ordinance of the city affecting
the fire hazard.
Whenever any Inspector, as defined above, shall find in an-,
building or upon.any premises, combustible or explosive matter or
dangerous accumulations of rubbish or unnecessary accumulation of
waste paper, boxes, shavings, or any highly flammable materials,
and which is so situated as to endanger life or property; or shall
fins obstructions to or on fire escapes, stairs, passageways, doors
or windows, liable to interfere with the operations of the Fire -
Department or egress of occupants in case of fire, he shall order
the same to be removed or remedied.
106. It shall be the duty of the Chief of the Fire Department
to inspect, or cause to be inspected by the Bureau of Fire Preven-
tion, or by the Fire Department officers or members, each place of
assembly at least monthly and at such times, including time of
occupancy end use, as to insure compliance with all laws, regula-
tions and orders dealing with overcrowding, use of decorations, main-
tenance of exit ways, collapse of revolving doors, and maintenance
of fire appliances in such places of assembly. Where conditions are
found to be unsatisfactory, written orders for immediate correction
shall be given.
107. The Chief of the Fire Department, Chief of the Bureau
of Fire prevention or an Inspector upon the complaint of any
person or whenever he or they shall deem it necessary, shall
inspect all buildings and premises within their jurisdiction.
Whenever any of said officers shall find any building or other
structure which, for want of repairs, lack of sufficient fire
escapes, automatic or other fire alarm apparatus or fire ex-
tinguishing equipment or by reason of age or dilapidated condition,
or from any other cause, is especially liable to fire, and which
is so situated as to endanger other property or the occupants
thereof, and whenever such officer shall find in any building
combustible or explosive matter or flammable conditions dangerous
to the safety of such building or the occupants thereof he or
they shall order such dangerous conditions or materials to be
removed or remedied.
108. The service of such orders as mentioned in Sections
104, 105, 106 and 107 may be made upon the occupant of the
premises to whom it is directed, either by delivering a cony
of same to such occupant personally or by delivering the same to
and leaving it with any person in charge of the premises, or
in case no such person is found upon the premise;:, by affixing
a cony thereof in a conspicuous place on the door to the entrance
of the said premises. 'whenever it may be necessary to serve
such an order upon the owner of premises such order may be
served either b-r delivering to and leaving with the said
person a copy of the said order, or, if such owner is absent from
the jurisdiction of the officer raking the order, by mailing such
copy to the owner's last known post office address
_"-.nv such order shall forthwith be complied With by the
owner or occupant of such premises or building. If such order
is made by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention or one of
the Inspectors, such owner or occupant may within twenty-four hours
appeal to the Chief of the Fire Department, who shall, within five
days, review'such order and file his decision thereon, and unl--ss
by his authority the order is revoked or modified it shall remain
in full force and be complied with *within the time fixed in said
order or decision of the Chief of the Fire Department.
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Provided, however, that any such owner or occupant may,
within five days after making oraffirming of any such order
by the Chief of the Fire Denartment, file his petitioi. with the
Yunicinal Court, praying a reviqw of such order and it shall be
the duty of such court to hear the sPme within not less than
five days nor more than ten days, from the: time the petition is
filed, and to make such order in the nremises as right and justice
mey require and such decision shall be final. Such parties so
annealing to the Municipal Court shall file ,-,rith said court within
' two days a bond in an amount to be fixed by the court, to be
approved by the court, cond.i.t.ioned to pay all the costs of such
appeal in
case such appellant fail.- to sustain his appeal or the same he
dismissed for any cause.
1.09. The Bureau of F're Pravntion shall ir_vestiC.ate tho
cause, origin and circumstances of every fire occurring in the
city by which nron_erty has been destroyed or damaged anc', so far
as possible shall det^rr..ine ��:hether the fire is the r=sult of
carelessness or desi Such invaetigat ions shall be begun
immediately upon the occurrenc3 of such a fire by the Inspector
in ;chose district the fire occurs, and if it appears to the officer
making such an investigation, thrt such fire is of suspicious
origin, the Chief of the FirI Department shall be i lrediately
notified of the facts; he shall tz:ke charge irairediately of the
physical evidence, shall notify the o-oiler nut,':^^'ties designated
by low to _pursue the investigation of such *tatters, and shall
further co-operate with the authorities in the collection of
evidence and in the prosecution of the cns-. :very fire shall
be reported in writing to the Bureau of Fire Prevention within
two days after the ocou:=ence o_the same, by the officer in
whose jurisdiction such a fire has occ =red. Such report shall
be in such form as shr.11 be prescr'bed by the Chief of the Fire
Department, and shall contain a statement of all facts relating
' to the muse, origin and circumstances of such fire, and extent
of the damage thereof, end the insurance upon such property,
and such other information as may be rewired. 1
110. The City Attorney, upon request of the Bureau of
Fire Prevention,' shall assist the Inspectors in the investigation
of any fire which, in their opininn, is of suspicious origin.
111. It shall be the d'.zt^ of the Chief of the Fire Depart-
ment to require teachers of 71iblic, private and parochial
schools and educational instLLtu.tions to have one fire drill each
month and tokeep all doors end exits unlocked during school
hours.
11?. The Chief of the Fire Department shall 'ceep,'in the
office of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, a record of all fires
and of all the facts concerning* the same, including, statistics
as to the extent of such firs and the dama-e ca.nsed thereby,
and whether such losses, were covered by insurance., and if so,
in what amount. Such record shall b. made daily fror;. the.
reports made by the Inspectors under the provision of this
ordinance. All such records shell be public.
11:. The quarterly reno-t o� the Bureau of Fire Proven-
tion shall be made on or before the last day of the calendar
' year, and the annual repo-t of the Bureau of Fire Prevention
shall be made on or before the first *_onday of each calendar
year, and transmitted to the Fa*or; it shall contain all pro-
ceedings under this ordinance, with such statistics as the Chief
of the Fire Department reay i^.pith tcc include therein; the Chief
of the Fire Department shall also recommend any amendments to
the ordinances which, in his judgment, shall be
desirable.
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114. Nothing contained in this ordinance shall be construed
es applying to the transportation of any article or thing shipped
In conformity with the regulations prescribed by the Interstate
Commerce Commission, nor as applying to the military or naval
forces of the United States.
115. The word "person" wherever used in this ordinance
shall be construed to include person, persons, firm or corpora-
tion.
116. "Approved" when applied to materials, type of construc-
tion and appliances refers to approval by the Chief of the Bureau
of Fire Prevention as a result of investigations and t=�sts con-
ducted by him or by reason of accepted principles or test by the
National Board of Fire Underwriters or the Underwriters' Labora-
tories, Inc., or the National Bureau of Standards.
117. A permit is the written authority of the Bureau of
Fire Prev<:ntion, issued pursuant to this ordinance, to have,
keep, store, use, menufacture, sell, handle and transport ex-
plosives, flammable materials and rubbish, as hereinafter defined,
and to construct, operate or maintain establishments hereinafter
specified.
118. M3P never the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall reject
or refuse to grant a permit, or when it is claimed that provisions
of this ordinance or any ordinances relating thereto do not apply,
or when it is claimed. that the true intent and mee.ning of this
ordinance or any regulations have been misconstrued or wrongly
interpreted, and the permit applied for havinig been refused by
the Bureau of Fire Prevention, then the person may appeal from the
decision of the bureau of Fire Prevention, in writing, as outlined
in Section. 108.
119. In determining the flash point of flammable liquids,
the Tag Closed Tester (standardized by the National Bureau of
Standards) shall be authoritative in case of dispute. All tests
shall be made in, accordance with the methods of tests as adopted
by the American Society for Testing Materials.
120. The Building Inspector, a member of the Fire'Depart-
ment and a member of 'the City Council shall -act as's Committee
on determination and specify any new materials, processes or occu-
pancies, and trades which shall require permits, in addition to
those now enumerated in this ordinance. The Chief of the Bureau
of Fire Prevention shall post such list in a conspicuous place
in his off`iee and shall also maintain in his office details and
descriptive drawings showing approved and acceptable methods
of storing, handling or protecting such materials fps shall be deemed
as requiring a permit.
12.1. The intent of this ordinance is to safeguard and restrict
the storage, handling and use of dangerous and hazardous materials
to a reasonable degree with respect to injury to persons and
destruction of property. Installation, construction and safeguards
shall be provided in a standard modern and approved manner.
Compliance with Standards of the National Board of Fire under-
writers shall be prima facie evidence of such approved manner.
The chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall maintain a
public file of the Standards of the National Board of Fire
Underwriters, which shall be deemed as advisorlr requirements to
this ordinance insofar as they, can be applied to each particular
installation for which a permit is required.
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121. The Chief of the Bureau of P'ire Prevention shall have
power to modify any of the provisions of this ordinance upon
application in writing by the owner or lessee, or his duly
authorized agent, when there are practical difficulties in the
way of carrying out the strict letter of this ordinance,
provided that the spirit of this ordinance shall be observed,
public safety secured, and substantial justice done. The par-
ticulars of such modification when granted or allowed and the
decision of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention thereon
shall be entered upon the records of the department and a signed
copy shall be furnished the applicant.
122. Before permits may be issued, the Chief of the Bureau
of Fire Prevention, or his assistants, shall inspect and approve
the receptacles, vehicles, buildings or storage places to be
used.
123. All applications for Permits required by this ordinance
shall be made to the Bureau of Fire Prevention in such form and
detail as it shall Prescribe.
124. Svery permit granted by the Bureau of Fire Prevention
under the provisions of this ordinance shall be for such periods
as the Chief of the Bureau may determine, not to exceed one year.
Such permit must at all times be kept on the premises designated
therein, and shall at all times be subject to inspection by any
officer of the fire or police departments.
125. One permit only shall be required by retail establish-
ments dealing in, or manufacturing plants using, two or more
flammable combustible or explosive materials to be Sept in the
establishment at any one time.
126. Permits required by this ordinance are for:
Transportation, Storage or Use of Explosives Sec.
Blasting
Pyrotechnic Displays
Sale of Small Arms Ammunition
Handling, Use or Display of Nitrocellulose
Storage of Nitrocellulose Film.
Storing and Handling of Pyroxylin Plastic
100 pounds
Manufacture of Pyroxylin Plastic Articles
Caleiiva Carbide Exceeding 100 Pounds
Film
over
205
210
1702
305
401
402
502
502
701
Acetylene Generators xeeeding 5 Pounds Capacity 701
Compressed and Liquefied Gases
Storage and Handling Class 1 Liquids
Storage and Handling Class II Liquids
Storage and Handling Class III Liquids
Garages
Retail Dealer in F'lamrable Liquids
Oil Refinery
Painting, Including Spraying and Dipping
Paint and Oil Dealer
Jobber in Flammable Liquids
banufacturina and Usine_ Flammable Lic_uids
Dry Cleaning
Storage of Hazardous Chemicals
:iefrigeration in Excess of 20 Pounds of
r?efrigerant
Patches in Excess of 60 1Jatchman's Gross
Public Garage
Automobile 'fire 11ebuildinp Plants
Storage of Packing Cases
Bonfires
Automobile Wracking anc. Junk Yard
802
904
904
904
906
906
968
906,1.002
906
906
906
906/1104
1301
1501
1601
1702
2201
2105
2101
2301
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Part 2.
EXPLOSIVES.
2Q1. The term "explosive" or "explosives" whenever used
in this ordinance shall be held to meen and include any chemi-
cal compound or mechanical mixture, that is commonly used, or '
intended for the purpose of producing an explosing, that con-
tains any oxidizing and combustible units, or other ingredients,
in such proportion, quantities or packing that an ignition by
fire, by friction, or concussion, by percussion, or by detonator
of any mart of the compound or mixture may cause 'such a sudden
generation of highly heated gases that the resultant gaseous
pressures are capable of producing; destructive effects on con-
tiguous objects or of destroying life or limb.
202. Nothing in this nart shall be held to mean and in-
clude any small arris amrini.tion or signal rockets, or devices
or compositions us+d to obtain visible or audible pyrotechnic
effects, which are covered in Part 3, nor to include explosives
in the forms prescribed in the official. United States Pharma-
copeia.
203. It is prohibited for any person to manufacture any
explosives, exceo_t that any explosives may be manufactured in
the laboratories in colleges and similar institutions for the
purpose of investigation and instruction.
204. It is prohibited for any person to transnort or carry
any explosives in or upon any public conveyance which is
carrying passengers for hire. '
205. It is prohibited for any person to have, keep, use,
store or transport any explosives, except under permit therefor.
206. It is prohibited for any parson to have, keep, store,
sell, offer for sale, give away, use, transport, or manufacture
any of the following explosives in any quantity: Liquid nitr-
glycerine; high exnlosives containing over 60 pei• cent of nitro-
glycerina (except gelatin dynamite); high explosives having an
unsatisfactory absorbent or one that permits leakage of nitro-
glycerine under any conditions liable to exist during transporta-
tion or storage; nitrocellulose in a dry and uncompressed condition,
in quantity greater than ten (10) pounds in one exterior packag ;
fulminate of mercury in bulk in a dry condition, and fulminate
of all other metals in any condition, axcpet as a component of
manufactured articles not hereinafter forbidden; or explosives
contai.ni.n6c, an ammonium salt and a chl.orate.
207. revery vehicle while carrying explosives shall have
painted on its front, sid:s and back, in easily legible letters
at least four inches high, in contrasting; colors, the word
",XPLOSIVsS," or in lieu thereof shall display, in such manner
that it will be visible from all directions, a red flag with
the word "'DANGc,R" printed, stamped or sewn thereon in white
letters. Such flag shall be at least twenty-four inches square,
and the letters thereof shall be at least six inches high.
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(a) It is prohibited for any person in charge of a vehicle con-
taining such explosive to smoke inorupon such vehicle, to drive
the vehicle while intoxicated, to drive the vehicle or to conduct
himself in a careless or reckless rianner, to load or unload such
vehicle in a careless manner or lAnile smoking or intoxicated.
(b) It is
nrohibited for
any person to place or carry in the
bed or bode, or
reuse to be placed or carried in the bed or bodzr
of any vehicle
containinF*, such
explosives, any metal tool or other
'
piece of metal,
(c) It is
or any matches.
prohibited for
^ny person to place or carry or
cause to be placed
or carrisa,
in any vehicle container_. explosives,
any exploders,
detonators, blasting caps or other similar explosive
material.
(d) The permit for transporting exnlosives shall designate
the time when, and may designate the route whereon the same may be
transported.
208. All explosives riust be stored in a magazine complying
with the requirements of this ordinance, unless such exnlosives
are being transported or used as prescribed and authorized by this
ordinance; and an accurate record showing the disposition of each
container or package of explosives stores, transported or used shall
be kept, such record to be subject to inspection by the Bureau of
Fire Prevention at all times.
' 209'.- (a) All magazines is which permissible explosives are
had, kept or stored, must be located at distances from neighboring
buildinf,s, hiPhvzays and railroads in conformity with the American
(,uantity and Distance table. Provided that one portable magazine
containing not more than fifty pounds of explosive may be allowed
if placed on v✓heels and located not more than ten feet from, on the
same floor with and directly opposite to the entrance on the floor
nearest the street level, and one portable magazine containing not
more than five thousand blasting caps, maybe allowed if placed on
wheels and located on the floor nearest the street level.
(b) Blasting caps or detonators of any kind shall not be ept
in the same magaz,tne with other exnlosives.
(c) All magazines crust be Inept locked except when being inspected
or when explosives are being placid therain or being removed therefrom.
(d) All magazines or places >Th-ra-xplosives are stored crust
be kept clean and free from grit, rubbish and empty packages.
(d) 'magazines shall be made of fireproof material or wood
covered v!ith sheet iron and shall be. conspicuously r:arked 11P"agaz .r_e--
Explosives."
210. Blastings: I%o person shall blast or carry on any blasting
operations without first having obtained a -ermit from the Bureau
of Fire Prevention. The applicant for such permit must fil a bond
deemed adequate ip each case by the Eureau of Fire Prevention,
which bond shall become ev=iilable in the -)ayment of any damage
arising from the neglect of the contraoter or his agent: or er_ploy;es.
'art 5.
PYE3CTFCHNIOS AiI➢ SI.'ALL A_UIFS tai.' ,1UNTITION
301. Pyrotechnics s✓henever used in this ordinance shall b
helf to mean any sparkler, squib, rocket, :'i^ecracker, roman candle,
signal lights, railroad track torpedo, flashlight composition,
fireworks or other devices or cormosition used to obtain visible
or audible pyrotechnic display, and sh..-ll include fire balloons,
that is balloons of a type wti ce i have burnin=- material of any :rind
attached thereto.
nub
302. No person shall have, k':ep, store, use, rranufaoture,
sell, handle or transport any pyrotechnics; provided, however,
(a) That nothing in this ordinance shall be held to apply
to the possession or use of signaling devices for current daily
consumption by railroads, vessels and othe»s requiring then.:.
(h) That the Bureau of Fire Prevention may, upon due applica-
tion, issue a permit to a properly qualified person for giving a
pyrotechnic display of fireworks in the public parks or other '
open places. Such permits shall impose such restrictions as in the
opinion of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may be necessary
to properlysafeguard life and property in each case.
(c) That nothing in this ordinance shall be held to apply
to the possession, sale or use of normal stocks of flashlight
compositions by photon.raphers or dealers in photographic supplies.
303. Small arms ammunition whenever used in this ordinance
shall be held to mean any shotgun, rifle, pistol or revolver car-
tridges.
304. No person shall manufacture within the limits of the city
any small arms ammunition. This shall not be construed as prohibiting
the hand -loading of small arms ammunition for private use and not
for resale.
305. No person shall store for sale, sell or offer for sale
any small arms ammunition without a permit.
Part 4.
NITRO-CELLULOSL' POTION PICTTJR;; FILT:i
401. It shall be a misdemeanor for any person, firm or cor- '
Aeration to sell any toy or miniature motion picture machine con-
taining nitro-cellulose motion picture film, or to sell, lease or
otherwise dispose of any nitro-cellulose motion picture films to
any person not having a permit to handle, use or display such film.
402. A permit shall be required for the storage of nitro-
cellulose motion picture film in quantities greater than five
reels, or aggregating more than 25 pounds in weight. No permit
shall be issued for any building unless the rooms in which film
is handled or -stored are protected by automatic sprinklers; provided
that this does not include projection booths covered in Section 405.
403. Storage. PJitrocellulose motion picture film in other
than the original shipping cases conforming to Interstate Commerce
Commission regulations, in amounts in excess of 25 pounds but not
in excess of 1,000 pounds shall be kept in approved cabinets if not
in vaults; amounts in excess of 1,000 pounds shall be kept in vaults.
Note: The standard roll of film 1 3/8 inches (35 mm.) wide
and 1,000 feet long weighs about 5 pounds.
404. Film Cabinets and Vaults. (a) Cabinets shall be of
approved construction and shall not have a capacity in excc;ss of
375 pounds of film.
(b) Cabinets having a capacity of over 50 pounds of film ,
shall be provided with a vent from each compartment to the outside
of the building. The vent shall have a minimum effective sectional
area of 14 square inches per 100 pounds of film capacitor.
(c) Cabinets holding over 75 pounds of film shall be provided
with at least one automatic sprinkler; provided that a cabinet
constructed so that each roll is in a separate compartment and will
burn out without communicating fire to film in any other compartment,
need not be provided with an automatic sprinkler.
(d) Film vaults shall be constructed, vented and sprinklered
in accordance with the requirements for standard film vaults and
in a manner satisfactory to the Bureau of Fire Prevention.
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405. s'very picture machine, using nitro-c Ilulose film shall
be installed or operated within a booth, to be not less than 48
square feet in size and 7 feet high. If more than one machine is
to be operated an additional 24 square feet shall be provided for
each additional machine. The booth shall be built of brick, tile,
or plaster blocks, plastered on both sides, or of concrete, or of
a rigid metal frame, properly braced, and sheathed and roofed with
sheet iron of not l;ss than No. 20 U. S. metal gauge, or with 4
inch hard asbestos board, securely riveted or bolted to the frame,
or 2 inches of solid metal lath and Portland cement nlaster. all
joints shall be sufficiently tigkit to prevent the discharge of smoke.
(a) The entrance door into the booth shall be at least 2
feet by 5 feet, of construction equivalent to the sheathing per-
mitted above for rigid frame booths, and shall be so arranE-ed as to
close automatically, and shall be kept closed at all times when
not used for egress or ingress.
(b) Two orifices or openings for each picture machine may
be provided; one for the operator's view shall be not larger than
200 square inches, and the other through which the picture is
projected shall be not larger than 120 square inches. Where
separate stereopticon, spot or flood light machines are installed
in the same booth with nicture machines, not more than one
opening for each machine shall be provided for both the operator's
view and for the protection of the light, but two or more
machines may be operated through the same openings; such openings
shall he as small as practicable and shall be capable of being
protected by approved automatic shutters. each opening shall
be provided with a gravity shutter of approved fireproof material.
L'ach shutter shall have a fusible link above it, and there shall
also be one located over each upper projector magazine which,
upon operating, will close all the shutters. There shall also be
' provided suitable means for manually closing all shutters
simultaneously from a point near the door. Shutters on openings
not in use shall be kept closed.
(c) All shelves, furniture and fixtures within the booth
shall be constructed of incombustible material, and no combustible
material of any sort whatever shall be permitted or allowed to be
within such booth, except the films used in the operation of the
machine, and film cement.
(d) Ventilation shall be provided by one or more mechanical
exhaust systems which shall draw air from each are lamp housing an d
from one or more points near the celinU. Systems shall exhaust to
outdoors either directly or through a non-combustible flue used
for no other purpose.
Exhaust capacity shall be not less than 15 nor more than 50
cubic feet per minute for each are lamp plus a minimum of 200
cubic feet per minute for the room itself.
L1xhaust ducts shall be of non-cnribustible material, and shall
either be kept finch from combustible material or covered with
1 inch of non-combustible heat insulating material.
(d) An approved film cabinet shall be provided in projection
' booths where the amount of film exceeds 40 pounds (8,000 feet of
35 mm. film). All film not being used shall be kept in the cabinet
or in Interstate Commerce Commission shipping containers, but not
over 40 pounds of film shall be permitted to remain in the shipping
containers.
Part 5.
PYROIMITT PLf157IC
501. The term "Pirroxylin Plastic" as used in this ordinance
shall be held to mean and include any plastic substance, material
or compound, other than nitrocellulose film as provided for in the
film storage regulations, having soluble cotton or similar nitro-
cellulose as a base, including celluloid, fiberloid, pyralin, vis-
coloid, zylonite and similar products, materials, and compounds by
whatever name known, when in the form of blocks, slabs, sheets, tubes
or fabricated shapes.
502. All retailers, jobbers and wholesalers storing or hand-
ling more than 100 pounds of pyroxylin plastic shall obtain a permit;
a permit shall also be required for the manufacture of articles of
pyroxylin plastic, which shall include the use of pyroxylin plastic
in the manufacture or assembling of other articles.
503. All display of pyroxylin plastic articles in stores shall
be in show cases or show windows except as permitted below.
(a) Articles may be placed on tables but no table shall be
over 3 feet wide and 10 feet long, and tables shall be spaced
at least 3 feet apart. 'Where articles are displayed on counters,
they shall be arranged in like manner.
(b) Spaces underneath t,5bles shall be kept free of storage
of any kind and of accumulations of paper, refuse and other combus-
tible material.
(e) Sal;es or display tables shall be so located that in the
event of a fire at that table, the table will not interfere with
free exit from the room, in at least one direction.
(.d) 5lectric or gas mantle light shall not be directly above
any pyroxylin plastic material, unless provided with a suitable
guard to prevent heated particles falling.
504. All new and existing buildings shall have all parts of
the building used for the manufacture or storage of articles of
pyroxylin plastic equipped with an approved system of automatic
sprinklers.
505. All raw pyroxylin plastic material in factory buildings
shall be kept as follows:
(a) where raw materials in excess of 25 pounds is received in
any building or fire area, an approved vented cabinet or vented
and sprinklered vault shall be provided for the storage of the
material.
(b) Not more than 1,000 pounds of raw material may be stored
in cabinets in any one workroom, but not more than 500 pounds in any
one cabinet, nor more than 250 pounds in one compartment.
(c) All raw material in excess of that permitted above must
be kept in vented vaults not exceeding 1500 cubic feet capacity and
with one automatic sprinkler head to each 125 cubic feet of total
vault space and with construction and venting in conformity with
standard practice for such use and satisfactory to the Bureau of
Fire Prevention.
506. In factories manufacturing articles of pyroxylin plastic
such sprinklered and vented cabinets, vaults or storage rooms shall
be provided as may be necessary to prevent the, accumulations in work
rooms, of raw stock, stock in process or finished articles. Such
cabinets, vaults or rooms shall be of such size, number, arrangement
and location as specified by the Bureau of Fire Prevention.
507. In the work rooms of pyroxylin plastic factories, oper-
ators shall not be stationed closer together tban 3 feet, and the
amount of material per operator shall not exceed one half days
supply and shall be limited to the capacity of three tote -boxes
including material awaiting removal or use.
11
508. All waste materials sAch as shavings, chips, turnings,
sawdust, edgings.and trimminF2 shell be kept under water in a
metal resceptacle until removed from the premises.
509. No pyroxylin plastic shall be stored within 2 feet of
steam pipes, radiators, chermeys, etc. Smoking is hereby prohibited
in any establishment storing or handling pyroxylin plastic and
prominent "No Smoking" signs shall be posted. Fire extinguishers,
fire pails end other fire protection equipment doemed necessary
' by the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall be provided.
Part 6.
2HOTOG3. P_HTC A`"D X- -fY TTITiiJ-C �LLL'LOr3 FILTx.
601. In hospitals and similar institutions, doctors' offices
and x-ray laboratories, all unexposed nitrocellulose rhotographie
and x-ray film, unless in unopened I.C.C. shipping containers,
shall be stored in cabinets or vaults, as outlined below; all
exposed nitrocellulose photographic and x-ray film shall be kept in
approved cabinets within the building, constructed as outlined
below.
602. In portrait and commercial studios, all exposed
nitrocellulose photographic and x-ray film shall be stored in
cabinets, vaults or outside storage houses, as outlined below;
storage df unexposed f'_lm in excess of 50 cubic feat, unless in
unopened I.C.C. shipping containers, shall be in a room e,uippad
with automatic sprinklers..
60P. Cabinets.
(a)Cabinets shall bo of approved insulated construction
and shall not exceed 10 cubic feet capacity.
' (b) Cabinets shall be �quioped ,:with at least one automatic
sprinkler in each compartment unless specifically approved for
use without automatic sprinklers.
(c) E4ch cabinet shall be arovid d with a vent to the out-
side of the building. Me vent shall be so constructed or pro-
tected by a substantial metal grid as to prevent stoppage of vent
in cps^ of combustion or decomposition of film ccntonts. For
cabinet having 10 cubic feet Ansiee volume the vent area shall ba
not less than 56 square inches. For smaller cabinets the vent
area shall be proportional except thgt no cabinets shall have a
vent area of lass than 1.4 square inches.
(d) Vent flues inside the building shall be of a construc-
tion equivalent to Yo. 18 U. S. gauFe meta'_ covered with 1 inch
of heatinsulating material.
604. Vaults and Outside StoraEe Houses.
Vaults and Outside storage houses shall be sprinklored and
vented and in strict accordance with the standard requirements
for vaults or for outside storage houses, and satisfactory to the
Bureau of Fire Prevention.; provided, however, that outside storage
houses which are not within 100 f=et of any other building are
not required to have automatic sprinkler protection.
605. All wiring nnc electrical equipment in rooms or vaults
wh5re film is stored shall conform to the National electrical
Code; only incandescent electric lights shall be permitted and in
vaults these shall be protected by wire guards, vepor-proof
globes or both. Portable or extension cords shall not be used
in any storage vault.
482
606. Smoking shall be prohibited in rooms where film is stored
or in developing or siiailar work rooms. Conspicuous 'To S^eking"
signs shall be posted in prominent places.
607. rTo film shall be stored within 2 feet of stealn pipes,
radiators, chimneys or other source of heat.
60B. Fire pails or extinguishers shall be provided as re-
euired by the Bureau. of Fire Prevention.
Part 7.
CALCIIII CARBIDE :ir>1D AC"'TYL^I"ITE.
701. No person shall store or keep calcium c<,rbide in excess
of one hundred pounds, nor operate an acetylene generator having a
carbide capacity exceeding 5 pounds, I., Ti a permit. Acetylene
generators shall be of approved type.
702. Calcium carbide in excess of 600 pounds but not in ex-
cess of 5,000 pounds, may be stored in a separate room or compart-
ment inside a one-story building containing other occupancy, provided
such room or compartment is separated by a fire -resistive partition
from other parts of the building, and without cellar or basement
underneath such carbide storage section. This room or compartment
may also be used for storage of fuel gas cylirders. Adequate
ventilation shall be provided.
703. Not to exceed 5,000 pounds of calcium c[:rbide may also
be stored within an inside generator room or compartment of construc-
tion as above mentioned when such generator room or compartment is
located in a one-story building without cellar or basement under-
neath the generator section. Such generator room or compartment may
also be used for the storage of fuel gas cylinders.
704. Calcium carbide in excess of 5,000 pounds ahall be stored
above ground in one-story buildings without cellar or basement, and
used for no other purpose, except the storage of fuel gas cylinders,
or an outside generator house.
Location of such storage buildings shall be outside congested
mercantile and manufacturing district.
Construction used shall be such as to insure a dry, waterproof
building, adequate ventilation shall be provided.
If storage building is of incombustible constriction, it may
adjoin other one-story buildings if separated therefrom by unpierced
fire walls. If detached less than 10 feet from such building or
buildings, there shall be no opening in any of the mutually exposing
sides of such buildings within said distance. .
If the storage buildings are of combustible construction they
shall not be within twenty (20) feet of any other one or two story
building, nor within thirty (30) feet of any other building exceeding
two stories.
705. Stationary generators shall be installed either in an
outdoor, underground pit, or in a well ventilated fire -resistive '
outbuilding, the size of which shall not exceed that required
to allow free operation of the apparatus end the storage of the
necessary carbide; provided that such venerators may be installed
inside buildings if within a well ventilated, fire -resistive enclo-
sure either in a 1 story building or on the top floor or roof of a
multi -storied building.
706. Portable generators shall not be used inside buildings
except in rooms of total volume at least 35 times the nominal
483
aggregate gas -generating capacity of the unit or units used therein.
Part 8.
CGITRESS ED AND LI LT"FI:'D C,,LES ThH !T ACs` YLr;T`.
801. Application. The
provisions of
this part apply to the
use, storage And handling of
compressed or
liquefied petroleuu or
'
other flammable gases extant
802. Licenses, Permits
acetylene.
and i2eports of
Installation.
((a), ?To nerson shall engage in the business of installing
liquefied petroleum or other ty_3e of compressed gas system or ,
equipment used in connection with such systems without first se-
curing a license from the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention.
Such licenses shall be renewed annually and shall be subject to
revocation on violation of any of the provisions of this ordinance
affecting such systems.
(b) An application for a permit accompanied by plans shall
be made to the Chief of the Bureau of :i,e Prevention for all
systems connected to liquefied petroleum or other compressed gas
storage containers exceeding an aggregate of 150 gallons
water capacity.
(c) In the case of systems of 150 gallons or lesser capacity
the installer shall file a written.notification with the Chief of
the Bureau of Fire Prev:ntio; indicating the date of each installa-
tion and the location of the premises where such installation
has bean made.
803. 0dorizin€' Gases. l•11 compressed or liquefied gases
' shall be effectively odoriz,3d by are approved agent of such
character as to positively indicate the presence of gas down to
concentrations in air of not over one -fifth the lower limit of
flammability.
804. Construction of Containers.
(a) Containers for compressed or liquefied gases shall be
constructed in accordance with the Unfired Pressure Vessel Code �.
(6xeept U2 to U10 and U19) of the American Society of Mechanical
engineers or shall comply with the regulations of the Interstate
Commerce Commission. All containers shall bear a marking ineicat-
ing that they have been suitably tested.
(b) Containers shall be designed for a working pressure not
le::s than the vapor pressure of the stored product at 100P F.
No container shall have a shell or head thickness lass than 3/16
inch.
(c) Containers other than those conforming to the Interstate
Commerce Commission Regulations shall be marked with the design
working pressure in pounds per square inch, and no material of
greater vapor pressure at 1000 F. than the design working pressure
shall be placed or kept therein.
(d) No liquid storage container shall exceed 30,000 gallons
water capacity.
805. Location of Containers and RegulatinF_ Valves.
(a) No storage container shall be located under or inside
any building, except that containers conforming to Interstate
Commerce Commission :Regulations and used for welding, flare cutting
or other industrial applications may be located in buildings.
(b) Storage containers shall be located with respect to
nearest building or group of buildings, or line of adjoining
property which may be built upon, in accordance with the follow-
irg,table, except that the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention
may exempt minor outbuildings and buildings devoted exclusively to gas
manufacturing and distributing operations, from this raquirement:
`.-Water Capacity
Per Container
Less than 125 gallons . . . . . . .
125 to 500 gallons . . . . . . .
500 to 1,200 gallons . . . . . .
Over 1,200 gallons . . . . . . .
Minimum Distance
Under-
Above-
ground
ground
10 feet
None
10 feet
10 fast
25 feet
25 feet
50 feet
50 feet
(c) First stage regulating equipment shall be located out-
side of buildings other than those expecially provided for the pur-
pose.
(d) No readily ignitible material shell be permitted within
10 feet of any container.
806. Installation of Containers.
(a) Containers installed above ground shall be properly
supported with anchorage which will permit thermal expansion.
St-T�ctural metal supports shall be properly fireproffed, except that
unTarotected structural steel supports resting on concrete pads or
footings may be used under either of the following; conditions-
(1) The container has a water capacity of not over 600 gallons and
the distance from its bottom to the ground does not exceed 24 inches:
(2) The container is in an isolated location and the distance from
its bottom to the ground does not exceed 5 feet.
(b) Containers buried underground shall be so placed that
the top of container is below the established frost line and in no
case less than 2 feet below the surface. ''there necessary to prevent
floating, containers shall be securely anchored or weighed. 'They
shall be coated with a suitable protective material to prevent
corrosion.
(c) Containers once installed underground shall not be re-
installed above ground or underground unless they successfully with-
stand a hydrostatic retest of one and one-half times the design
working pressure, and show no evidence of detrimental corrosion.
807. Valves and Accessories.
(a) Valves, regulating, gauging and other necessary equip-
ment shall be protected against 'tampering and mechanical damage in
an approved manner.
(b) All connections to containers, -except gauge connections
and. safety relief connections, shall be provided with approved shut-
off valves close to the container.
(c) Valves in the assembly of systems using two or more
cylinders or drums shall be so arranp,d that the change of cylinders
or drums may be made without shutting, down the system.
Id) ;'then cylinders or drums are not in use, outlet valves
shall be kept tightly closed even the ugh cylinders may be considered
empty. '
(e) Approved gauging devices shall be -employed on all storaFre
containers other than cylinders and drums.
808. Dikes. The Chief of the Bureau of fire Prevention, where
the slope of the ground or other local conditions would permit above-
ground containers, in case of ruptu^e or overflow, to endanger
adjacent property, shall require each container to be surrounded
by a dike of such capacity as may be considered necessary but not
more than the capacity of the container.
485
809. Piping.
(a) Piping shall be wrought iron, steel, brass, or copper
pipe; or approved seamless cooper, brass or other aporovad non-
ferrous tubing. All piping; for conveying gas or liquid shall.be
suitable for a safe working pressure of not lass than 125 n_oungs.
All piping for conveying gas or liquid shall be tested and proven
free from leaks at not lass than normal oparntinF nressure.
' (b) In any system in which compressed gas in liquid forr.
without pressure reduction enters the building only heavy walled
seamless brass or copper t,:bing shall be used, with an internal
diameter not greater than /w-inch, and a wall thickness not less
than 3/64-inch; provided that this requirement shall not apply to
commercial gas Plants, bulk stations whore cylinder, drums or tank
trucks are filled, nor to industrial vaporizer buildings.
(c) Joints in Ycought iron and steel piping shall be of
welded construction, on shall be mad3 with fittings capable of
withst2nding a pressure of at last 1?b pounds per square inch for
pressures of 125 pounds per squa-e inch or less; extra heavy
fittings shall be used for pressures exceeding 125 pounds per
square inch. Wt-iron fittings shall not be used. Joints on
brass or cooper nine, or araroved seamless copper, brass or other
approved non-ferrous tubing shall be by means of approved fittings.
(d) Piping shall be run as directly as practicable; provision
shall be made for axnansion, contraction, jarring and vibration and
for settling of container. At points whore piping passes thro�gh
outside walls below ground level, suitable provision shall be made
to insure substantial gas tightness.
(s) Piping outside buildings shall be protected against me-
chanical injury. Underground piping shall be buried below the es-
tablished frost line.
810. Filling- Connections.
(a) The filling pipe"inlet terminal shall not be located in-
side a buildinE. it shall be protected in a substantial manner
against mechanical in ury and tampering by unauthorized persons.
Filling pipe inlet terminals on containers other than those con-
forming to Interstate Commerce Commission Regulations shall be
located not less than 10 feet from any building and where prac-
ticable not less than 5 feet from any driveway and shall be kept
locked when not in use.
(b) All containers, other than those complying with the
Interstate Commerce Commission Ri gulations shall have all connac-
tiong, exce7t roli,f connections, equipped with approved automatic
excess flow valves, provided, however, that fill connections shall
be equipped with approved back -pressure check valves, to prevent
discharge of contents in case connections are broken. These
excess flow and back -pressure check valves shall be located inside
of the container or at a point outside where the line enter_-: the
containers; in the latter case, installation shall be made in
such a manner that undue strain beyond the excess flow or back -
pressure valve will not cause breakaee between the container and
such valve. Gauging devices which do not involve the flow of
liquid or which are so constructed th_t outward flow of container
contents shall not exceed that passed by a No. 54 drill size
need not be equipped with excess flow valves.
811. Safety Devices.
(a) Avery container other than those complying with Inter-
state Commerce Commission 7eEulaticnc and avory vaporizer other
than those of loss than one quart total capacity not heated by
artificial moans and those arranged so the liquid therein can
pass back to the originating container at all times vJithcut hin-
drance, shall be provided with ap roved safety relief valves which
M
cannot be shut off by stop valves. 3olief valve discharg shall
start at a )rossure not more than 125 per cent of the designed vrorking
pressure. Safety "elief valves shall have a free' discharge area not
less than as specified in the Standards of the National hoard of Fire
Undervri-ters for the Design, Installation and Construction of Con-
tainers and Pertinent&quipment for the Storage and Handling of
Liquefied Petroleum Cases.
(b) The discharge from safety reliefs shall be outside of
buildings and not less than 5 feet away from any opening in any '
building which is below the lev-:l of such discharge.
812. Vaporizing and iiousinE.
(a) In domestic installations no liquid or gas shall be lad
into the building at a pressure exceeding 20 pounds gnug;. The
initial pressure reducing device shall be installed outside of
the building, except in the case of a vaporizer house.
(b) The vaporizer shall be located outside of buildings -
except those buildings devoted excli,siva.y to gas manufacturing and
distribution operations, but may be located in a house or shed of
fireproof construction, well ventilated from points near the floor
and roof; provided that on systems utilizing vaporization supplied
without artificial means, **aporizers may be installed in buildings,
if such vaporizers are of not more than one quart capacity anc are
located close to point at i.:hich pipe to vaporizer enters building.
(c) mare a device is employed for premixing the gas with air,
such device shall be provided with means for autor;at.icall� shutting
off the gas mixing device before a combustible mixture is generated,
except where combustible mixtures are desired and generated, in which
case flame arresters shall be installed.
813. electrical Installations and Cpen Flames.
'
(a) In the immediate vicinity of storage containars, in vapo-
rizer or pump houses, in cylinder filling pla.nts, in gas plants,
and similar locations wh�.re liquefied gases are in liquid form in
large quantities, all electrical installations shall be in strict
accordance with the renuirements of the National 'tlectr cal Code
for Class I hazardous locations.
(b) No artificial light involving flam s or snarks, shall b
used in the vicinity of container charging over=!tions. „pproved
explosion -proof flashlights may be employed.
814. Filling Densities. The total amount of liq,ilefied gas,
by weight, shall be limited to the following percentages of the
weight of the water capacity of the container, depend-i-ng upon
I the specific gravity at 60 degrees Fahrenheit of the liquid: For
0.400 specific gravity, 32 per cent for aboveground and 35 per
cent for underground; for 0.500 specific gravity, 41 per cent for
above ground and 45 per cent for underground; for 0.600 specific
gravity, 53 per cent for aboveground and 56 per cent for underground;,
and for intermediate or higher specific gravities, corrasponding
percentages; but in no case shall the amount of liquid be such as
to fill the container at a temperature of 130 degrees Fahrenheit
for aboveground, and,105 degrees Fahrenheit for underground.
815. Transfer of Liquid. All transfer of liquid or gases
'
shall be by approved piping or hose, test=d to 5 times the designed -
working pressure. All connections shall be free from leaks.,
816. Tank Trucks and Trailers. Tank trucks and trailers shall
be constructed as described in Section 804.
487
Piping, safety devices, filling and the loading and unloading
of tank trucks and treiler� shell be as specified for containers.
Pumps of suitable design and properly protected may be mounted
upon trucks and treilars anc may be driven by the truck motor power
take -off or other suitable _means. The pumps, except constant speed
centrifugal pumps, shall be equipped with suitable pressure actuated
by-pass valves permitting floc✓ from nump discharge to pump suction
' when the pump discharge pressure rises above a predetermined point.
s'very tank true: end trailer shall be provided with properly
attached steel burnners or chassis extension at the rear which shall
be so arranged as to adequately protect the tank, piping, valves
and fittings in case of collision.
Part 9.
FL1,J'N'^BL LI'IITDU
901. Application to .T1=w and 'sxisting Installations, -tc.
The provisions of this Part apply to all ne%✓ plants, stores,
equipments and installations; anu, except as otherwise specified,
to existing• plants, stores, -m oments, and installations ,,rhich
constitute a distinct hazard to adjoining property, in so far as
the intent of the sections can be reasonably fulfilled.
902. Classificatioi, of Flammable Licuids.
For the purpose of this ordinance, flarfrable liquids ere
divided into three classes, according* to the flash point,, as follows:
Class I. Liquids with a flash point below 25 degrees Fahron-
' heit (-4 degrees Centigrade) closed cup tester.
Class II. Liquids with flash point above that for Class I
and below 70 degrees Fahrenheit (21 degrees Centigrade) closed
cup tester.
Class III. Liquids with flash point above that for Class II
and below 200 degrees Fahrenheit (93.3 degrees Centigrade)
closed cup tester.
Representative examples of the classes of flammable
liquids are:
Class I.
Class II.
Class III.
Zthey
Alcohol
Kerosene
Gasoline
.znyl Acetate
Amyl ..lcohol
Naphtha
Toluol
Turpentine
Benzol
thyl Acetate
Fuel Oil
Collodion
',_ethyl Acetate
Acetone
903. manufactured Liquid Commodities Included.
Amr manufactured liquid or fl•zid commodity, such as paint,
varnish, dryer, cleaning^ solution and polishing liquid which con-
tains flammable liquids shall be considered a flammable liquid
and shall be classified by Section 902 according• to the flash
point of the mixture.
904. Permits :squired.
Ilxcept as specified in Section 905, a permit (which shall be
for one or more of the following subdivisions) shall be obtained:
. •
(a) For the storage or handling of a total quantity of Class
I liquids in excess of one gallon in any dwelling, apartment house
or tenement, and in excess of six gallons in any other building,
and in excess of ten gallons outside of any building.
(b) For the storage or handling of a total quantity of Class
II liquids in excess of five gallons in any duelling, apartment
house or tenement, and in excess of ten gallons in any other building,
and in excess of twenty-five gallons outside of any building. '
(c) For the storage or handling of a total quantity of Class
III liquids in excess of twenty-five gallons inside any building,
and in excess of fifty-five gallons outside of any building.
905. Owner or Apent May Use Certain Flammable Liquids Without
Permit.
Unless a storage of quantities in excess of those given in
Section 904 is to be maintained for at least thirty days, nothing
in this ordinance shall require an owner or occupant or his agent
to obtain a permit for the use if, nor does it prohibit the use by
him, of paints, oils, varnishes and similar flammable mixtures.
906. Permits for Different Occupations.
All permits shell state the nature of the business of the appli-
cant, the maximum quantity of each class of li^_uid to be k pt,and
the location of the storage. Permits shall be listed as follows:
Garage Permit (with or without storage)
Storage Permit,
Retail Dealer's Permit
Painter's Permit, including Spray Painting '
Paint and Oil Dealer's Permit
Jobber's Permit
Manufacturer's Permit
Dry Cleaner's Permit
907. Inspection Required Before Covering Installation.
Before any installation is covered from sight, a notification
in writing shall be given the Chief of the Bureau of fire Prevention,
who shall, within 48 hours after the receipt of such notification,
inspect the installation and give his written approval or disapproval.
Upon failure of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention to inspect
within the specified time, the installation may be covered but shall
be subject to inspection by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Preven-
tion at the expense of the City.
908. Hazardous Heating and Lighting A^pliances May Be Prohibited.
The chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may prohibit the use
of any type, kind or make of heating or lighting appliance using
flammable liquids which has not been tested by him or some competent
authority and found to be properly safeguarded, or which is not
installed so as to provide reasonable protection against life or
property.
909. Class I and II Liquids Prohibited in Places of Public '
Assembly.
No class I nor Class II liquids shall be kept or stored in any
schoolhouse, religious, amusement or other building used for public
assembly, except in laboratories for experimental purposes.
910. Storage of Class I and II Liquids Near Axits, Etc.
xcent in sealed containers, no Class I nor Class II liquids
may be stored within 10 feet of any stairway, elevator or exit
except when in a space separated from the stairway, elevator or
exit by a fire -resistive partition.
911. Two 'exits tequired in Stores and Jobber's Plants.
In all stores and in all ,iobber's and rr,anufacturing plants in
which flammable liquids are stored, at least two exits shall be
provided, one of which shall ba r3mote from the point of storage.
' 912. handling Limited in 3uildinrs Occupied by Fan.ilie-.
The mixing, storing or handling of flammable liquids of Class I
and. II in open containers is prohibited in any store in any
building housing- more than two families or in e frame building
housing more than one family, provided that this shall not apply
to drug stores where flammable liquids are used in making and
compounding medicines and prescriptions.
913. Storage Limited in Frame and Other Buildings `lot so
Used. on (Date of enactment of ordinance).
The storage of flammable liquids inside buildings except in
buildings so used (on date of enactment of ordinance) shall be as
given under the following sub -sections: Provided that in a special
storage room or fire -resistive building, conforming to requir:,mients
given in Section 915, the storm; of Class I liquids shall be in
accordance with Section 916 and the quantity of Class II and III
liquids shall be unlimited.
(a) Within the limits given in Section 951.
In frame buildings:
Classes I and II prohibited.
' Class III. Yaximum limit of any tank or container
60 gallons, except as permitted in Section 960.
In other than frame buildings:
Class I. In sealed containers or safety cans of not
more than 1 gallon capacity, and not axcaeding
a totel of 10 gallons.
Class II. In seaLd containers or safety cans of not
more than 5 gallons capacity and in barrels,
drums or tanks of not more than 60 gallons
capacity (total quantity stored in this manner
unlimited) .
Class III. In sealed containers of not more than
5 gallons capacity, in barrels and drums and in
tanks not exceeding 120 gallons capacity, except
as nermitted in Suction 960 (total c_uantity
stored in this manner unlimited).
(b) Outside the limits given in Section 951.
In frame buildings:
Class I. In sealed containers or safety cans of not
more than 1 P*rllon capacity, and not exceeding
a total of 10 :-allons.
Class II. In seaLd containers of not more than 5
gallons capacity and in barrels, drums or tanks
not exceeding 60 gal ions capacity (total quan-
tity stored. __n this manner unlimited).
12
Class III. In sealed containers not exceeding 5
(gallons capacity, in barrels and drums and in
tanks not exceeding 120 gallons capacity, except
as permitted in Section 960 (total quantity stored
in this manner unlimited).
In other than frame buildings:
Class I. Not exceeding 50 gallons in sealed con- '
tainers or safety cans of not more than 1 gallon
capacity.
Class IT. In sealed containers or safety cans of
not more than 5 gallons capacity. In drums and
barrels and in tanks not exceeding 120 gallons
capacity (total quantity stored in this i._anner
unlimited.)
Class Ili. In sealed container:, drums and barrels
and in tanks not exceeding 240 gallons capacity
except as permitted in :section 960 (total quantity
stored in this manner unlimited).
914. Storage Restrictions for Buildings Used for Storage
on (Date of enactment of ordinance).
In buildings now used for storage of flammable liquids, the
storago (except in special rooms as gd van in Section 915) shall.
not exceed double the quantityspecifiedin Section %IT. (Capacity
Of Individual tanks or containers may be double that specified in
Section 913.)
915. Special Storage Rooms or Buildings.
Special rooms or buildings for storage of flammable liquids
'
and the handling and use of flammable liquids shall where called for
by other sections of this ordinance, be constructed as follows;
provided however that when in the opinion of the Chief of tho L'ureau
of Fire Prevention the extent of the hazard formed is more than
moderate, based upon a con ideration of the quantity and nature
of flammable liquide involved and the extent of mixing operations
together with the character of construction, of the building in
which the proposed storage and mixing oparstions are to be located,
and of exposed bui-ldings, construction affording a greater degree
of protection shall be required.
Walls shall have a. fire resistance rating of not lass than one
hour; they shall be continuous from floor to cel;nF and shall b
securely anchored.
Ceiling shall be of construction equivalent to not loss than
3/4-inch of gypstur, plaster on metal lath.
Floors if of wood shall be protected with not less. than 2 inches
of concrete.
Door openings to other rooms or buildings shall be provided with
non-corinustible sills raised 6 inches. Such openings shall be pro-
tectedI
by standard fire doors of approved automatic or self -closing
type.
Where other portions of the building or other -properties are
exposed, windows shall be protected in n standard manner.
Shelving shall be non-combustible.
916. Storage of Class I Liquids.
xcopt where kept in sealed container , Class I Liquids shall
be kept in sto797e tanks underground or outside the building and
no discharge system shall have outlet inside building unless in a
49l
special room in accordance with S%-ction 915. Saiaty cans of not over
ten gallons capacity may be used. in any ?art of buildings axc�pt
that if of over one gallcn capacity, theh shall be kept and i.sed
in special rooms in accordance r�l.th Section 915.
In goraFes and ranufacturing :)lints the Chief of the ur au
of Fire Prevention ma,�r vermit the storage of Class I liquids ir:
approved uortable wheeled tanks, where the nature of the buLin)ss
' requires such storage and the discharge therefrom.
917. Storage of Class IT_ ?_'_quids.
No container cont,inini= C'__a--s TI lioui_6L, of over five gallons
capacity may be used to fill other containers and appliane:s unless
outside the building or in a special room in accordance z,rith Section
915, and all drawin-, except from safety cans, shall, where the
nature of the liquid _permits, 1,13 as provided for in S:ctions
981 and 982.
At service stations th2 dispensing of alcohol and other
flammable anti -freeze solutions fror:i drums shall be done outside
the building, using rump or cravit.y discharge. Air pressure dis-
charge shall not be used.
918. Expose VJind.ovas T'ust Rave ',[ired Glass.
Any building, ot,har than a frair_: building, within the limits
given in Section 951, containing more than 500 gallons of flarrRable
liquids in oth^r than sealed containers, shall have all !,rindows
insice and rear walls end above the first floor on street fronts,
exposed .by other buildings w+'ithi^ fifty feet, provided with wired
glass in metallic sash and frar;e.
919. TTew Yanufacturin�r
Plants.
Any sanufacturing plant
established after (date
of
enactment
of ordinance) in a-b,31ldirg
in wMCin persons are erployed
above the
_second story, shall have all
rooms, in which Class I
and
II liquids
are mixed or stored in receptacles
permitting the escape
of vapor,
constructed in accordance with
Section 915.
920. 'Existing L:anufactu.ri ne Plants.
In existing manufacturing plants where parsons are employed
above the second floor, all elevator, stair and other walls or
vertical openings communicating to rooms in which Class I and II
liquids are mixed or stored in receptacles permitting excape of
vapor, shall be. encicsad and provided with self -closing fire
doors or trap doors with heat relaasin6,devices arranged to close
doors automatically i.n case of fire.
921. Ianufacturing Plants Prohibited in Buildings Occupied
as 'Dwellings.
No manufacturing plant shall be located in any building used
as a dwelling for more than one family unless all Class I liquids
are kept in safety cans, not exceeding one quart in capacity,
or in outside storage tan'as as riven in Section 951, with no
discharge inside the building.
922. Nettles, 'fats, :;tc.
:fettles, vats, saturators and ot_.-3r vessels used in manufac-
turing processes, and containing more than five gallons of
flaruaable liquids, shall not be located within five feet of com-
bustible material nor within five feet of any exit, unless tt"ro
or more exit: are provided, and all combustible floor thereunder
within a radius of ten feet shall be protacted with non-combus-
tible coverings. All kettles and other open vessels shall be pro-
vided with substantial covers arranged to close automatically in
tM
case of fire or which can be easily and readily placed in position,
or shall be provided with an adequate automatic extinguishing
device.
023. Ventilation.
Rooms in which Class I and, II liquids are used in open vats,
pans or other vessels, or in which Class I, II and III liquids are
heated or otherwise treated in such manner as to produce flammable
vapor, shall be well ventilated. Where natural ventilation is not '
sufficient the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may require
forced ventilation with a vent, opening of at least 20 square inches
in the well at the floor level near each open receptacle containing
such liquids, or each heating device from which vapors may escape
and opposite to any door or other air inlet. Such openings shall be
covered with 2 x 2 mesh No. 16 galvanized wire web and shall be kept
clear of all obstructions. From each vent opening; a flue, of at
least 20 square inches area and of non-combustible materials, built
into the wall or floor or securely fastened thereto and so arranged
as not to be subject to mechanical injury, shall conduct to and through
a sparkless exhaust fan, to be run continuously, and which shall be
of sufficient size to change the air in the room completaly every
five minutes. All discharge outlets of vent pipes shall, be provided
with 12 x 12 mesh or equivalent non -corrodible wire screen and shall
be so located that they will not expose surrounding property and
shall be acceptable to the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention.
Any other equivalent system of ventilation may be used when approved
by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire P:Tevsntion.
924. extinguishers Required.
Where flammable liquids are kept, used or handled a quantity
of loose non-combustible absorbents, such as dry sand or ashes,
together with pails or scoops; and chemical extinguishers or other
extinguishing devices or materials shall be provided in such quan-
tities as may be directed by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Pre-
vention.
Every marketing station, whoesals storage, port terminal, and
other property where flammable liquids are stored in quantities in
laboveground tanks shall, as a minimum requirement, be provided with
portable foam fire extinguishing equipment.
925. Storage of Barrels and Drums Limited.
Within the limits given in Section 951, barrels and drums con-
taining Class I, II or III liquids stored outside any building shall
not be piled upon each other nor stored in a passageway or beneath
any window and no open lights shall be permitted in any such storage
yard.
926. Drums and Barrels Yust Be Kept Closed.
Drums or barrels for flammable liquids shall have caps, plugs
and bungs replaced immediately after package is emptied.
927. Smoking Prohibited.
In all rooms or parts of buildings which contain flammable
liquids in open containers or in which the vapors from flammable
liquids are present, or in which flammable liquids are used in any '
manufacturing process, the carrying of matches is prohibited and
smoking shall be a misdemeanor. Suitable "NO SMOKING" signs shall
be displayed.
928. Lighting Shall Be by Electricity.
Flammable liquids shall not be drawn nor handled in the presence
493
of open flame or fire, but may be drawn and handled when lighting
is by incandescent electric lamps installed in compliance with
the "National Slectrica7. Code;"
STO,gAG- T-UL7S
951. Storage lYust Be Outside Buildings.
' "except as otherwise permitted in this ordinance, the storage
of flammable liquids shall be outside building , in underground
tanks or above ground tanks; except that the storage in tanks
above ground and outside buildings is prohibited within the
following limits: (Note: These limits to be specified; they
should include the mercantile, and other congested districts
and land near streams or other water �,,rays which would carry
burning liquid into congested districts.) Provided that for
existing tanks within such limits, which are properly safe-
guarded and do not involve a hazard to other property, a permit
shall be granted.
952. Underground Storage Limited.
Tanks buried underground shall have the top of the tank not.
less than 2 feet below the surface of the ground, and below the
level of any piping to which the tanks may be connected, except
that, in lieu of the 2-foot cover, tanks may be buried under
12 inches of earth and a cover of reinforced concrete at least
5 inches in thickness provided, which shall extend at least one
foot beyond the outline of the tank in all directions; concrete
cover to be placed on a firm, well tamped earth Foundation.
Where necessary to prevent floating, tanks shall be securely
anchored or weighted.
' Where a tank cannot be entirely buried, it shall be covered
over with earth to a depth of at least 2 feet with a slope on all
sides not steeper than 1z feet horizontal to 1 foot vertical.
The limit of storage permitted shall depend upon the lo-
cation of tank with respect to the building to be supplied and
adjacent buildings, as follov.1s:
MAXIYU1A C22jiCITY OF VKS FOR
UNDERG'ROU3M 6TORAG-`
Location Classes II and II
If top of tank is lower than all and Class III Class III
floors, basements, cellars, or Under 1000 _Above 1000
pits of all buildings F. Flashpoint F. Flashpoint
a. Within a radius of 50 feet Unlimited Unlimited
b. Within a radius of 40 feet 50,000 gallons 500,000 gals.
c. Within a radius of 30 feet 20,000 gallons 200,000 gals.
d. Within a radius of 25 feet 15,000 gallons 150,000 gals.
e Within a radius of 20 feet 5,000 gallons 100,000 gals.
f. Within a radius of 10 feet 2,000 gallons 752000 gals.
g. If within 10 feet of any
building, and the top of
tank is above the lowest
floor, basement, cellar or
pit of the building 550 gallons 50,000 gals.
h. Tank located beneath a building shall be below all portions of
that building and is limited in capacity only in respect to other
buildings as given above under a to g.
953. Capacity and Location of Above Ground Tanks
(a) The location of a tank with respect to distance from
tank shell to line of adjoining property or nearest building shall
depend upon the construction, contents, equipment, and greatest
dimension (diameter, length, or height) of the tank and shall be
in accord with the following provisions:
Group A Tanks. Any all -steel, gas -tight tank constructed
in compliance with these or equivalent standards and equipped
either with (1) an approved permanently attached extinguishing
s7rstem of (2) an approved floating roof; which is to be
used only for the storage of refined petroleum products or
other flammable liquids not subject to boil -over, shall be
so located that the distance between shell of tank and
property line or nearest building shall be not less than
the greatest dimension (diameter, length or height) of the '
tank, except that such distance need not exceed 120 feet.
Group B. Tanks. Any all -steel, gas -tight tank constructed
in compliance with these or equivalent standards but not
equipped either with (1) an approved permanently attached
extinguishing system or (2) an approved floating roof, which
is to be used only for the storage of refined petroleum
products or other flammable liquids not subject to boil -over,
shall be so located that the distance between shell of tank
and property line of nearest building shall be not less than
12 times the greatest dimension (diameter, length, or height)
of the tank, except that such distance need not exceed 175
feet.
Group C Tanks. Any all -steel, gas tight tank constructed
in compliance with these or equivalent standards and ;quipped
either with (1) an -approved permanently attached extinguishing
system or (2) an approved floating roof, which is to be used for
the storage of crude petroleum or other flammable liquid subject
to boil -over, shall be so located that the distance between shell
of tank and property line or nearest building shall be not less than
twice the greatest dimension (diameter, length, or height) of the tank
except that such distance shall be not less than 20 feet and need
not exceed.175 feet.
Group D. Tanks. Any all -steel, gas -tight tank constructed '
in compliance with these or equivalent standards and not equipped
either with (1) an approved permanently attached extinguishing
system or (2) an approved floating roof, which is to be used for
the storage of crude petroleum or other flammable liquid subject
to boil -over, shall be so located that the distance between shell
of tank and propertv line or nearest building shall be not less than
three times the greatest dimension (diameter, length, or height)
of the tank except thati such distance shall be not less than 20
feet and need not exceed 350 feet.
(b) The minimum distance between shells of any two all -steel,
gas -tight tanks shall be not less than one-half the greatest dimen-
sion (diameter, length, or height) of smaller tank except that such
distance shall not be less than 3 feet, and for tanks of 18,000
gallons or less the distance need not exceed 3 feet.
954. Openings in Above Ground Tanrs.
4.ach above ground tank, inside or outside buildings, over
1,OOO gallons in capacity shall have vent openings, excepting
emergency relief openings, provided with approved flame arresters.
The covers for manholes, handholes and gauge holes shall be made
tight fitting.'
(a) No form of emergency relief construction shall be required '
on vertical tanks with cone roofs having a slope of less than 212
inches in 12 inches where the strength of the joint between the
roof and the shell is no greater than that of the weakest vertical
joint in the shell.
(b) Every other above ground tank used for the storage of
Class I, II or III liquids shall have some form of relief for preven-
ting
495
the development of excessive internal pressure in case of exposure
fire surrounding the tank. This may take the form of either a
weak seatr, in the ton or at the joint between the top and the shell
of the tank, or manhole covers kept closed b7 weiCht only, or
some other form of emergency relief construction.
(c) In tanks where entire dependence for relief is placed
upon some form of emergency relief construction other than a weak
seam it shall have a capacity as prescribed by the chief of the
Bureau of Fire Prevention, who shall give consideration to th
' design and construction of the tank as it affects the pressure
which the tank may safnly withstand, as indicated in the table
below. xeept for tanks specially constructed to withstand higher
pressures, the emergency relief area for vertical tanks shall be
as given for an allowable pressure of 3 inches of water, and for
horizontal tanks shall be as given for an allowable pressure of
1 pound per square inch.
R_-:LIIF OF Y.0 ; 3Iti'_, i:?T ;R vhL YR':ESUR:!;
ABOVE GROUND TA1XS
10111mum
A'mergency ;',pproximate diameter of free circular
Relief opening (unobstructed by valve discs,
Capacity etc.) required to discharga'p3troleum
Capacity Required vapors at the given rates for the
of Cubic feet following allowable internal pressures.
Tank per hour 3 inches 1 lb. per 5 lbs. per 25 lbs.
Gallons of .pater sq. in. sq. in, sq. in.
(Based upon an orifice coefficient
of 0.7 and vapor specific gravity
of 2.5)
1,000 16,000 4" 2z" 1�" lot
4,000 44,000 6 3/4" 3 3/4" 2L" 1 3/4"
18,000 88,000 92 5�" 3 3/40 22
25,000 105,000 104" 6 4 2 'V/4"
56,000 160,000 12 3/4" Q" 5" 34"
1001000 230,000 154" 8 3/4" 6 4"
155,000 290 1000 17 9 3/4" 4"
222,000 330,000 184" 10 7 4 3/4"
475,000 395,000 20" 11" 7 3/4" 5"
735,000 410, 000 20' " 11 7 3/4" 5=-"
Unlimited 410,000 20z" 11 " 7 3/4" 54"
955. Above Ground Tanks Labeled.
Above ground taLVE for Class I and II liquids shall have
painted conspicuously upon their sides in letters at last 2 inches
high, the wording, "FLA11�ABLI—KATP 2IRE A?%iAY."
956. Yaterial of Underground Tanks.
Tanks shall be constructed of galvanized steel, open hearth
steel or wrought iron of a thickness not less than specified in
Table 3. For liquids heavier than 350 A.P.I. tanks may be constructed
of concrete in accordance with the Standards of the National Board -
of Fire Underwriters.
TABL. 3 -- T1i4D:�RGR0V11D STOR4G
Minimum Thickness of
Material
'
Capacity
Gauge
Pounds per
(Gallons)
(U. S. Standard)
Square Foot
1 to 285
16
2.50
286 to 560
14
3.125
561 to 1.100
12
4.375
1,101 to 4,000
7
7.50
4,001 to 12,000
4"
10.00
12,001 to 20,000
5/16 inch
12.50
20,001 to 30400
3/8 inch
15.00
496
Tanks of steel or wrought iron thinner than No. 7 gauge shall
be galvanized.
For Class III liquids, if adquate internal bracin€, is provided
tanks from 12,001 to 30,000 gallons capacity may be built of steel
plate 4-inch thick.
With the approval of the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention, '
tanks of copper or other suitable material may be used if after the
necessary handling incident to installation they are equivalent in
strength, rigidity, durability and tightness to the steel or iron
tanks described above.
957. Material of Above Ground Tanks.
Tanks (including tops) shall be constructed throughout of
open hearth steel or of ,-;rought iron of a thickness in accordance
with the following requirements. For liquids of 35° A.P.I. or
heavier, tanks may be constructed of concrete in accordance with
Standards of the National Board of Fire Undarwrit:;rs.
(a) HCRIZONTAL OR VERTICAL TIJiKS NOT QVT�R 1,100
GALLONS CAPACITY
Capacity Minimum Thickness
(Gallons) of Material
1 to 60 18 gauge (U.S. Std.)
61 to 350 16 "
11
351 to 560 14
561 to 1,100 12 "
(b) HORIZONTtI. TA:d:SS OVER 1,100 GALLONS CAPI!CITv.
Tanks having a diameter of not over 6 feet shall be made of
at least 3/16 inch steel. Tanks having a diameter of over 6 feet
and less than 111 feet shall be made of at least 1/4 inch steel.
(c) V:+,RTICAL TAPT_.S OIT'R 1,100 GALLONS CAPACI"" .
Tanks of this class shall be of such material and so constructed
as to have a factor of safety of at least 2.5.
The minimum thickness of shall or bottom shall be 3/16-inch.
The minimum thickness of roof shall be 1/8-inch.
The thickness of plates shall be in accordance with the
following formula:
t -
2.604 x H x D x F
T x E
Where ,
t = thickness of plate in inches
H _ height of tank in feet above the bottom of
the ring under consiceration
D _ diameter of the tank in feet
F = factor of safety (taken as 2.5)
T = tensile strength of plate in pounds per sq
y _ efficiency of vertical joint in ring under
consideration
The tensile strength of the steel shall be taken as 55,000
pounds per square inch, and the shearing strength of rivets shall
be taken as 40,000 pounds per square inch.
Roofs or tops of tanks shall have no unnrotoeted openings.
Roofs or tops shall bo firmily and permanently joined to the tank
and all joints shall be riveted and caulked, brazed, welded or
made tight by other process satisfactory to the Chief of the
Bureau of Fire Prevention.
in.
497
With the approval of the.Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention
tanks of copper or other suitable material or tanks of a special
tested design may be used if after the necessary handling incident
to installation, they are equivalent in strength, rigidity, durability
and tightness to the steel or iron tanks described above.
958. Construction of Tanks.
(a) Tanks shall be riveted, welded or brazed, and shall be
soldered, caulked or otherwise made tight in a mechanical and work-
manlike manner, and if to be used with a pressure discharge system
shall safely sustain a hydrostatic test at least double the pressure
to which tank may be subjected. Tanks shall be covered with asphaltum
or other non -rusting paint or coating. All pipe connections shall
be made through flanges or metal reinforcements securely riveted,
welded or bolted to the tank and shall be made thoroughly tight.
All openings shall be gas tight, except breather vent, which
shall be protected by flame arresters as provided in Section 954.
(b) Where tanks are to be of welded construction, the chief
of the Tureau of Fire Prevention shall require evidence of the
integrity and responsibility of the firm or indivicual doing the
work, the degree to which welders a -a qualified and the character
of supervision maintained.-hile welding is it process.
(c) Tanks for storage of flammable liquids under a pressure
in excess of 15 pounds per square inch (gage) shall be constructed
and protected with safety relief devices, in accordance with the
Unfired Pressure ?vessel code of the. American Society of Mechanical
Engineers.
959. Foundations; Dikes.
' (a) In each case the bearing capacity of the ground shall
determine the type of foundation to be employed. Where there is
any doubt the chief of the bureau of Fire Prevention may require
borings in order to ascertain the subsurface formation as a means
of determining whether the proposed foundation is suited to ground
conditions on the site. Tan'_'_<_s more than one foot above the ground
shall have foundations and suyports of masonry or protected steel,
except that wooden cushions may be used; no combustible material
shall be permitted under or within ten feet of any above ground
outside storage tank.
(b) All tanks containing* crude oil or other liquids which
have a tendency to boil over, and all tanks exceeding 50,000 gallons
(1,200 barrels) capacity shall be adequately and properly diked
with a dike having capacity not less than equal in volume to that
of the tank or tanks surrounded; minimum height of earth dikes to
be 3 feet and of masonry dikes 30 inches.
(c) Tanks of less than 50,000 gallons (1,200 barrels) capacity
shall, when deemed necessary by the Chief of the Bureau of Fire
Prevention, on account of proximity to streams, character of topo-
graphy or nearness to buildings of high value, be diked or the -entire
yard provided with a curb or retaining wall or other suitable means
taken to prevent the discharge of li^ui.ds on to other property in
case of a rupture in tank or pining.
(d) Dikes or walls required by the preceding paragraphs
(b) and (c) shall be of earth or nasonry so constructed as to afford
adequate protection. When dikes surround tanks containing crude
oil, they shall have in addition to the above capacity, suitable
coping or deflector projecting inward properly constructed to
minimize the effect of a "boil over" wave. Dikes surrounding crude
oil tanks shall be not less than 50 feet from the shell of the tank
or tanks surrounded.
M�4
(w) The height of the dike and the dist,,9nce from the inner
surface of the dike to the shell of the tank or tanks surrounded
shall be such as to assura the scouring action of the ,-.finds required
to prevent the accumulation of combustible vapors within the dike,
but in no case shall the height of the dike exceed 6 feet. Masonry
dikes with angular walls shall be provided with expansion joints
constructed of sing -,le sheet non -corrosion metal. `Mher- reinforced
concrete is used, the steel reinforcing member shall be inter- '
connected.
(f) The capacity of dikes required by this Section shall be
properly maintained,. Parthen dikes shall have a flat section at the
top and shall have a slope consistent with the angle of repose of
'the materials of which they are constructed,
960. Stationary Tanks in Huildings; Insulation of Tanks;
Permissible juantiti-as.
Tanks in buildings shall be constructed and installed as
follows:
(a) Tanks for Class II and III liquids of 180 gallons or less
capacity, shall be of steel or of tin plate, suitable for the
purpose, wi.tl-i all joints locked, double seamed or riveted and also
soldered or made tight by some equally satisfactory r:ethod; material
shall be of not less than No. 16 gauge U. S. Standard. Original
barrels or drums may be used until contents are drawn if substantially
placed to prevent tipping or rolling, with pump inserted through a
close fitting connection in side or head.
(b) Tanks for Class II and III liquids of 181 to 275 gallons
capacity shall be constructed of not less than No. 14 U. S. gage
steel or wrought iron; larger tanks shall be constructed in accor-
dance with the requirements of Section 956.
(c) Tanks shall be located below the level of any piping to
which they may be connected, or if this is impracticable, arrangements
satisfactory to the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall be
made.
(d) Tanks shall be set on a firm foundation and those exceeding
2,500 gallons capacity shall be supported independently of the
floor construction.
(d) 'Tanks for Class III liquids used in connection with
oil burning equinment shall not exceed 275 gallons individual
capacity of 550 gallons aggregate capacity (in one building),
unless installed in an enclosure constructed as follows:
The enclosure shall be at least 6 inches large.- on all sides
,than the tank. The walls of the enclosure shall be constr_icted of
'reinforced concrete at least 6 inches thick or of masonry at least
8 inches thick , and shall be bonded to the floor and carried to a
height not less than 1 foot above the tank. The space betwaen the
tank and the enclosure shall be completely filled with sand or well
tamped earth up to the top of the enclosure, The top of the en-
closure shall be of reinforced concrete at least 5 inches thick or of
equivalent construction, except where the floor or other construction '
immediately above the tank is of fire -resistive construction and
capable of safely withstanding a load of 160 pounds per square foot.
Instead of an enclosure as above described, the tank may be
encased in reinforced concrete not less than 6 inches 'in thickness,
applied directly to the tank so as to comnletely eliminate amy air
spat
PIPING AND OTiP;R AnPURTS?4rA-7C.]S
971. No Connections to Drains.
499
All connections from tank to any house or sub -surface drainage
system shall be so arranged as to prevent the flow of flammable
liquid to any such system or the leakage of any flamuable gases
from such liquids, or approved flammable liquid collectors shall be
provided in such connection.
972. Venting of Tanks.
An open galveniz"d iron
or an automatically operated
vent pipe arranged for
vent, shall be provided
proper draining,
for every tank
'
which may contain flammable
vapor, the lower end of
the vent pipe
shall not extend through the
top into the tank for a
distance of
more than one inch.
Vent openings, -,xc--pt those on underground fuel oil tan'--s, shall
be provided with approved flame arresters. Vent openings and vent
pipes shall be of sufficient size to prevent abnormal pressure in
the tank during filling and except automatically operated vents,
shall be not smaller than lk inch pipe size. Arrestors shall be
accessible for examination and repair. Vent pipes shall be provided
with weatherproof hoods and terminal,e outside of building not less
than two feet, measured horizontally and vertically, from an,,* window
or other building opening. If tight connection is made in filling
line and filling is by gravity, the vent pipe shall extend to a point
at least one foot above the level of the top of the nighast reser-
voir from which the tank may be filled, otherwise it shall be not
less than 12 feet above the top of the fill pipe. iihere a power
pump is used in fillinF, storage tanks and a tight connection is :-:ace
to the fill pipe, the vent Shall be not snaller than the fill pip,.
The vent pipe from taro or n:o-•e tanks may be connected to one
upright with the connection not lass than one foot above the level
of the top of the highest reservoir from ahich the tanks may be
' filled.
973. Valve in Drawing -off Pipes.
All drawing -off pipes terminating inside of any building shall
have valves at the discharge end; when delivery is by gravity, there
shall be a second valve located at a suitable point in the line for
use in an emergency.
974. Valve ;dear Tank, if .above Ground.
Where tanks are above ground there shall be a valve locat-d
near the tank in each pipe. In case two or more tanks are cross -
connected there shall be a valve near. each tank in each cross -
connection.
975. Pumps.
Pumps delivering to or taking supply from above aground storage
tanks shall be provided with valves on both suction and discharge-
of pump, and in daliverin. to tanks a check valve to prevent floe"
of liquid from tank, to pump. lectr.ic motors, unless of approved
explosion -proof type, and internal combustion engines shall not be
placed beneath tanks or elsewhere within the line of vapor travel.
' 976. Piping.
Piping used for flamrt.able lic:ids shall be standard weight
wrought iron, steel or brass pip or approved brass or copper
tubing; for i:orking pressures in exc ss of 100 pounds per square
inch extra heavy fittings shall b ised. No pipe or tubing lass
than one -quarter_ inch internal diameter shall be usea. Outside
piping shall be protected against mechanical injury when within
5 feet of ground level. Inside piping shall be rigidly supported.
977. Laak:r Piping.
500
Defective and leaking piping shall be made tight immediately
or replaced.
978. Pipes for Class I and II liquids in rooms Containing
Omen Flames.
Pining carrying Class I and II liquids, unL ss without joints
or connections, shall not extend through any room which contains '
any open light or fire.
979. Filling Pipe.
T: end of the filling pip-- for underground storaFre talks for
Class I and. II liquids shall be carried to an approved location
outside of any building, but not within 5 feet of any entrance
door, or cellar opening; this filling pipe shall be closed by a
screw cap.
980. Deliveries to Storage Tanks.
Deliveries of flammable liquids of Class I and II; where
practical, shall be riade directly to the storaf;e tank through the
filling pipe by means of a hose or pipe between the fillinrr pipe
and barrel, tank ,ragon or tank car from which such liquid is being
drawn.
991. Pump Required.
Except as permitted in Section 983, flammable lieuids shall
be drawn from tanks by pumps so constructed as to prevent leaking
.or splashing, or by some other system approved by the Chief of the
Bureau of Fire Prevention, with controlling apparatus and piping
so arranged as to allow control of the amount of discharge and pre- '
vent leakage or discharge inside the building by any derangement of
the system. When inside a building, the pump or other drawing -off
device for Class I or II liquids shall be located on or above the
grace floor, pref=rably near an entrance or other well -ventilated
place.
982. No Gravity Feed Permitted.
,xcapt as nermittad in Section 983, no tanks, drums, nor other
containers inside a building, or discharging inside a building, shall
be provided with a faucet or other bottom -drawing device which will
permit the gravity flow of liquids inside the building. Pipes shall
not terminate at any point lower than the level of source of supply.
983. 2xceptions to Sections 981 and 982.
The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may permit the
storage and gravity flow of flammable liquids in connection with
domestic oil burning equipments, in refineries, and in manufacturing
and jobbing plants where the nature of the manufacturing process
requires such storage and flow, and also the storaFre and gravity
flow of commodities of Classes II and III in stores, plants and
establishments, where the nature of the liquid ,pill not -cr:it
pumping; provided that the contents of tanks holding Class I liquid
shall be sufficient only for one day's operation and such storage '
shall be in'a rdom'in accordance with Section 915.
984. Fuel Oil Equipments
An approved domestic type oil burner may be supplied by gravity
from two connected inside or outside storage tanks, provided neither
tank exceeds 275 gallons capacity and they are connected to the fuel
line by an approved 3-way valve.
501
Note: Acquirements for the installation of equipment- for the
use of flammable liquids as a fuel under boilers, furnaces, kilns,
ovens and other apparatus are covered in this ordinance under
the following Sections:
904, 907, and 908: F-rmits and approvals; 913, 914, 952,
953, 954, 956, 957, 958, 960, 972 and 980: location,
construction and equipment of storage tanks; 973, 974,
976, 977, 981, 9830 985: valves, piping and pumps.
' Gravity feed to approved burners installed in stoves and ranges
is premitted subject to the following provisions:
1. That no gravity tank exc:;ed a capacity of six gallons.
2. That no glass bottle or metal tank of the vacuum feed
type have a capacity in excess of 3 gallons, and that not r:.ore than
two such bottles or tan.-.s be connected to a single heating unit.
3. That metal tanks as referred to in Paragraph 1 above be
substantially constructed and specifically approved for the
purpose intended.
4. That such syster:s be provided with suitable automatic
safeguards to prevent flooding- of the burner.
5. That such gravity or vacuum tanks be located not less than
two feet from the device in which the burner is installed, provided
the temperature rise of the oil supply at this distant: is not
excessive when the burner is operated at full capacity. That supply
tanks be sec.zrely attached to non-cotbustible supports rigidly
fastened to the floor or wall in such a manner as to minimize the
possibility of mechanical injury due to accidental contact, jarring
or vibration; and that such suprl- ,zr.':^ be-.rovideP with reLns for
' doterminin� the oil level ich not involve the possibility
of leakage of oil.
985. P::1ief Valves for prznps for .nl*ines and Fuel Oil Equiprnents.
In systems using pumps to supple auxiliary tanks or headers,
which feed internal combustion engines or fuel oil burners, provision
shall be made to return surplus oil to the supply tank; any valve
installed in the line shall be of pressure relief type.
986. Tank Trucks.
All trucks used for the transportation of flarineble liquids
in bulk quantity exceeding 100 gallons shall be inspected by the
chief of the Bureau of Fri.^e Prevention, and unless certified by
him as to their compliance e-ith this ordinance they shall not be
operated on the streets of the City of Kalispell provided that this
certification shall not be rcuired for trucks bearing the license
or approval of the Interstate Corz.erce Commission; or the license
or approval of the State Highway Department; or to trucks transport-
ing flammable lie+,.;_ds in drums, ceps and other containers of lass
than 60 gallons individual capacity.
No truck transporting flamrable liquids in bulk shall be left
unattended on any street, h_gh:;ay, avenue or alley. Provided
that this will not prevent a driv.r from the necessary absence from
the truck in connection with the delivery of his load, except during
actual discharge of the ligi.id sher some responsible person must
be present at the vehicle; nor shall it include stops for meals
during the day or at night if the street is well lighted at point
of parking.
Trucks containinc flarma?;le liquids may be parked in open
parking lots or on private property. The-r shall not 'n parked or
garaged in buildin7s other than those specifically approved for such
storage by the chief of the Buraau of Fire Prevention.
502
Tanks shall
be constructed of open
hearth or blue annealed.
steel, or other
suitable material of a
strength equivalent to
the
following table:
Aggregate
Capacity
(Gallons)
Shell Minimum
Thickness of Steel, U.
S.
Up to 600
14 gauge,
Standard Head
14 gauge
if bilged, otherwise
12 gauge
600 to 1200
12 gauge 12 gauge
if bilged, otherwise
10 gauge
Over 1200
8 gauge
Tanks, exceeding 1200 gallons in capacity, may be constructed
with 12 gauge shells and 10 gauge heads provided they are sub -divided
into compartments of 600 gallons or le�:s and are mounted on chassis
equipped with low pressure balloon tires.
Shall and head joints shall be welded, riveted and welded,
brazed or riveted and brazed, riveted and calked, or made tight
by some equally satisfactory process.
-Each compartment of the completed tank shall be tested and
proven tight at 5 pounds of minimum nressure. Fill openings shall be
4 inches minimiva diameter.
Tanks in excess of 600 gallons capacity shall be subdivided
into compartments, none of which shall exceed 600 gallons capacity.
+each tank compartment shall be provided with a suitable oper-
sting vent, and in addition thereto venting facilities of such size
and capacity as will prevent rupture of the tank from such internal
pressures as may be created by exposure fires.
All draw -off valves or faucets shall have discharge and threaded
or otherwise so designed as to permit of tight connection with hose
extending to fill -pipe.
Every tank truck shall be provided, with properly attached rear_
steel bumpers. The rear bumpers or chassis extension shall be so
arranged as to adequately protect the draw -off valve or faucets in
case of collision.
Each compartment of a gravity discharge truck tank shall ba
equipped with a reliable and efficient shut-off valve located `
inside the shell of the tank in the compartment outlet, and except
during delivery operations such valves shall be automatically kept
closed,, or shall be so interlocked with delivery operation that it
will be mechanically closed whdn delivery operations are completed.
The operating mechanism for such valves shall be provided with
a secondary control, remote from the tank filling parts and discharge
faucets for use in went of accidents or fire during delivery oper-
ations, and such control mechanism shall.be provided with a fusible
section which will cause valves to close automatically in case of fire.,
In every case there shall be provided between the shut-off
valve seat and discharge faucet, a shear section which will break
under strain and leave the shut-off valve seat intact.
Tanks, chassis, axles and sprinCs shall be metallically con-
nnected. Tank trucks shall be :quipped with drag chains long enough
to reach the ground.
During the filling operation metallic contact shall b main-
tained between the fill pipe and the tank truck.
The foregoing provisions shall also apply to the construction
and operation of trailers and semi -trailers. All trailers shall be
5031
firmly and securely attached to the towing vehicle by means of
suitable draw -bars, supplemented by safety chains.
(vary trailer shall be equipped with a reliable system of
brakes with reliable provisions for operation from the ariver's
seat of the vehicle drawinE it.
Each trailer shall be provided with side lights and a tail
' light.
:.very tank truck and trailer shall be equipped with at lust
one approved hand fire extinguisher of a type suitable for extin-
guishing oil fires.
987. Containers Painted Distinctive Colors.
Portable containers for Class I and II liquids shall be painted
red (entire container or conspicuous band or stripe) and be con-
spicuously lettered in black, "Dangerous --Keep Lights and Fire hwa."
It shall be a misdemeanor to '.seep or plate the above mentioned
liquids in containers other than those marked as designed, or to
use the containers for any other liquids or substancAs than those
specified or fail to keep their exterior clean so that coloring and
lettering are easily distin€cuizhabla.
988. Refineries.
No permit shall be granted for the establishment of a new
plant or an addition to a plant for refining, distilling or condens-
ing; petroleum and natural gns within the limits of the city until
after a survey has been made by the Chief of the Bureau of .ire
Prevention and an investiCation made of all hazardous conditions
connected therewith. If there are no schools, churches, hospitals
' or public halls within 300 feet, and no other buildings than those
'of the plant within 150 f:et of the aroposid distilling or condensing
plant, and other conditions are.consistent with the spirit and
intent of this ordinance:, the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Preven-
tion shall grant a permit for the location desired; provided, also,
,that a guarantee to maintain an open space of 150 feet on all sides
shall be given by the applicant.
Part 1 %
TH's' APPLICAPIOD OF FLAVYABLI r"INKHM
General Requirements
1001. Definition.
The term "finishing shop" shall mean a building or part thereof
used for the apnjieetior_ of flammable finishes by means of spraying
or dipping.
1002. Permits.
A permit shall be required for an^ finishing; shop using more
than 1 gallon of material on any working day, or storing in connac-
ticn with the use thereof, mane than 5 gallons of flammable finish.
' 1003. Location.
Finishing shops in buildings of wooden construction or in buildings
used in whole or in pert for human habitation or in connection with
store shall be suitable cut off by fire partitions or fire walls
from other portions of the building, and shall be equipped with an
automatic sprinkler system.
504
1004. Storage of flammable Finishes in Finishing Shops.
The storage of flammable finishes inside of finishing shops
shall be restricted as follows:
(a) Not to exceed 20 gallons, with no container exceeding 1
gallon in capacity, may be stored on a substantial shelf at least
4 feet above the floor and with suitable guard strips to prevent
containers from falling.
(b) Not over 50 gallons with no container exceeding 5 gallons
capacity may be stored in a cabinet, entirely enclosed and made of
suitably stiffened sheet iron of at least 18 U. S. gauga .in taickness,
and double walled with 1�2 inch air space or equivalent construction.
Doors shall be of construction equivalent to the walls of the cabinets,
be provided with 3-point lock, fit closely, and be kept closed when
not in use. Door sills shall be raised at least 2 inches above the
bottom of the cabinet.
(c) Quantities in excess of those given under (a) and (b)
shall be in suitable storage and mixing rooms as specified in
Section 915.
1005. Affixing,.
(a) Ilixing operations shall be carried on only in storu€;e
rooms as outlined in Section 915 or in. special mixing rooms of
equivalent construction; provided that containers of a total capacity
not exceedinf 2 gallons map be opened and th,ir content, mixed in
the finishing room, during such times as the ventilation system
in operation.
(b) 3eceptacles containing flammable finishes shall be kept
tightly covered.
1006. Containers.
(a) All containers of flammable finishes shall be of metal
siitablp constructed, to prevent leakage; I. C. C. containers shall
be acceptable for storage.
(b) Containers used as part of the spraying outfit shall be
of metal, except that glass containers not exceeding 1. pint capacity,
also containers with glass inner linings of not more than 1 Fallon
capacity (protected with a metrcl holder or guard permanently fixed
around the container) may be used.
1007. Ventilation:
(a) Unless suitable ventilated spray booths are used for all
finishing operations, finishing rooms shall be continuously ventilated
during operation. Ventilation shall be such as to affect al, least
one complete change of air every three minutes.
(b) Exhaust outlets in finishing rooms shall be located not
;over 5 feet above the floor and shall discharge d.irectlr outside
of building. Stacks and sucts shall be of substeintial construction
with joints riveted and soldered or otherv,Tise made tight. They
shall extend as directly as possible to the outside air and preferably
not througi; other rooms, and be so arranged that the discharge of
'vapor and residue or fire therefrom will not eridanger property.
,They shall not be connected to other ventilating or collecting --ystoms.
1008. Lighting and lectrical Equipment:
Artificial lighting shall be by electricity only. Till electrical
wiring and equinm.ent in finishing' shops shall be in accord with
the National :lectrical Code rules for Hazardous Locations.
Whore spraying- is done i_n grope^1y arranged spray booths,
portions of the room more thar_ 20 f et from a booth need not be
considered Hazardous Locations under tho National ,electrical Code
unless such portions aro so classified as the result of other
operations. In the area within 20 feet of rroperly arranged s^ray
' booths the National 3lectrica1 Code rul.�s for Iazardous Location
may be modified to allow motors of the: totally enclosed type or of
the open induction tyre hnvi_rg no brushes, make or break contacts,
collectors or other arcing or sparking nar.tks, and to allow lamps of
the enclosed va7,ortight tv,, _.
1009. Housekeeping.
(a) finishing shops shall be ;;opt free from all unnecessary.
combustible materials and refuse.
(b) Floors of finishing shops, drain boards and the interior
of spray booths shall be thorou_-_hly cleaned at least once a day and
all fans, ducts, side walls any!- celings kept as clean as maybe
practicable at all times. In cle n`_nr-, care shall be taken to use
implements which will not create s7larks. 's4herever practicabi_- sur-
faces to be cleaned shall be sprayed or otherwise wet down with �.ater
before cleaning. Sweepings or c-eposits from spray booths or rooms,
ducts or stacks shall be immediately removed from the buildings and
safely disposed of.
(c) Y')tal waste cans ;with self-closii.g covers shall be �ro-
vided for all waste and rags which hive come in contact with paints,
varnishes, and other finishing compounas.
' 1010. Open Flames and heating.
No open flame shall be rermitted in storage or mixing rooms,
storage cabi.nets, finis`iing rooms, or spray booths. For heating
purposes indirect systems only, such as steam, hot air or hot crater,
shall be used.
1011. Grounding:
All metal spray booths, dip tanks, bake ovens, mixers, filters,
pumps, motors and shafting shall be electrically grounded in an
effective manner.
1012. Fire 7,xtinfruishin6, m,cuinment.
The Chief of the Bureau of Dire Prevention shall racuire the
installation of portable fire extinguishers or other fire extint,?uish-
ing appliances as r.ay be deemed necessary in finishing rooms, or near
storage cabinets and spray booths.
1013.
Smoking-.
Smoking
shall be
prohibited in
any room used for the storage
of flammable
finishes
and in any finishing
root;. Suitable "ivo
SMOKING" signs shall
be prominently
displayed.
SPRe-.vIiG
1014.
(a) All
spraying shall
be pecformad in a spray room:
or spralr booth
as specified
belor, or
its equivalent.
(b) I£ sprayin is nerforraed in a room, not provided with
spray booths as herein provided, such spray room shall be separated
fro m the remaindar of the buildin.r b,- partitions of fire -resistive
construction equivalent to incor_bustible wallboard on wooden studding,
cement or gypsum plaster on metal lath on wooden studding or wooden
studding covered on both sides .,ith sheet iron. Doors in openings
506
in spray room partition shall be equal in fir- resistance to partition
and shall be of the self -closing type or so installed as to close
automatically in cease of fire.
(c) Spray booths shall be of metal or other non-combustible
material and of ample size to accomodat'e the object to be sprayed.
(d) Spray booths shall be provided with exhaust systems of
sufficient capacity to adequately remove vapors or residues. Supply
of air entering the room where the spray booths are located shall be '
substantially equivalent to the exhaizst capacity provided. j,acn
spray bootie shall have an indep:.ndent stack or vent, except that not
more than 3 booths each with less than 6 square fact frontal area,
may connect to one stack. They shall be properly supported and
shall have at least a 6 inch clearance where passing through wooder.
floors, roofs, partitions or in close proximity to them or to other
combustible material.
(a) Ventilating fans in spray rooms and booths shall be kept
in continuous operation while spraying is being carried on and shall
not be stopped until all flare. -Ale vapors have been removed.
(f) Pails or recaptacL.s shall not exc.ed 10 gallons capacity
for gravity feed to spray guns and shall be kept covered with tight
fitting non-combustible covers. Only wire cables or those containing
stranded wire cores shall be used to suspend gravity -feed pails.
Pails or receptacles containing*, flammable finishes shall be
returned to the storage cabinet or storage room at the close of
each day.
(g) No portable lamps shall be used inside spray rooms or
booths. Lamps shall be prohibited ir_side spray booths and ducts
and in any location where there is possibility of the spray corning '
into direct contact with the lamp or fixture.
Electric motors shall not be placed inside booths or ducts.
(h) Yotor vehicles shall not be moved by their owi, power
while in the finishinf> room. Electric storage batteries shall be
removed.
DIP TI; EKS
1015. Dip tanks having an area in excess of 10 square feet
shall be provided with approved covers arranged to close automa-
tically in case of fire and also arranged so that they can be closed
manually. Smaller dip tanks shall be provided with suits,ble covers
or with asbestos blankets :,hich can be placed over the tanks. If
dip tanks are protected by an approved automatic fire extinguishing
system employing a fire retardant chemical or gas or water spray
the covers specified ebove may be omitted.
JAPAYNING AND 7Ti' S�'LING
1016. Japanning and enameling drying ovens shall not be placed
in contact with wood floors or other combustible material. Heating,
of ovens shall be done by steam coils, indirect hot air circulation
through oven to outside, indirect hot oil circulating pipes, '
indirect gas burners or electricity. Open flames or fires shall
not be in communication with the compartments where goods are being
treated.
Part II.
Chapter 5
SALy A:?D US'.' OF DFtY CL,-ANl dG LI(,UIDS
1101. Definitions.
' (a) Dry cleaning liquids are defined as any liquids, other
than water, used for the removal of dirt, grease, paint or other
stains from wearing apparel, textiles, fabrics, furs, rugs and
similar articles.
(b) Dry cleaning_icuids shall be divided into three classes:
(1) High hazard dry cleaning liquids: Flar:r.able liquids
having e, flash point below 100 degrees Fahrenheit. Typical of this
class are gasoline, benzene and naphtha.
(2) Low -hazard dry cleaning li:;_ids: F_armNble liquids having
a flash point of 100 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. Typical of this
class are stoddert solvent and various -etrol�um products classed
as to fire hazarc. ':•:ith kerosen,.;, ars,ffin oil, or betty: en paraffin
oil and kerosene.
(3) Nonflairm_able dry cleaning liquids: Liquids which are
strictly nonflarunable or are classed as nonflarr-able at ordinary
temperatures. Typical of this class are carbon tetrachlori❑e and
trichlorethylene. (See Section 1102 for provisions applicable).
(c) Dry cleaning shall include immersion or agitation in dry
cleaning liquids, also brushing or scouring with such liquids and
the process of dyeing in a solution of dye; color- in such liquids.
' (d) Snotting is the local application of dry cleaning liquid,
to spots of dirt, grease, paints or stains, on vearing apparel,
textiles, fabrics, fume, rags and similar articles.
1102. Dr- Cleaning witii.onflammable Dry Cleaning Liquids.
Dry cleaning operations employing only nonflammable dry cleaning
liquids shall be subject to the re ::irement for perr:its in Section
1104 (a), but shall be exempt f,•om all other provisions of this Part.
1103. Sale of Hit?, i:azard Dry Cleaninr, LigLAds Restricted.
(a) No parson shall sell anv high hazard dry cleaning; liquid
in other than sealed container=: of not more titan 16 fluid ounces
capacity without; a permit therefor.
(b) The sale for dry cleaning purposes of high hazard dry
cleaning liquid in quantities: exceeding 16 fluid ounces, to other
than those holding a permit for dry cleaning is prohibited; provided
that this does not prohibit the sale to jobbers and others licensed
to sell and distribute such liquids.
1104. Dry Cleaninr- Pewits.
' (a) No person shall perforr. any dry
commercial or private nature, using more
hazard dry cleaninC liquid or more than
dry cleaning liquid- or nonfl-rrz_ablc cry
permit therefor.
cleaning whather of a
than one quart of high
one rellon of low hazard
cleaning liquid, without a
(b) No permit shall be granted for any dry cleaning operation
employing high hazard or low hazard dry cleaning liquids except in
a plant conforming to the requirem3nt2 hereinafter given.
1105. Spotting.
High hazard dry cleaning liquid:: shall not be used for spotting
unless kept in and applied from anprovod safety cans. In any room
not conforming to the provisions of this ordinance for dry cloaning
with high hazard dry cleaning liquids the use of high hazard dry
cleaning liquids for spotting shall be limited to one quart.
1106. Buildings in which Dry Cleaning is Done ;with High Hazard
Dry Cleaning Liquids.
(a) Dry cleaning ti'ith hig}, hazard dry cleaning liquids shall
not be done in buildings closer than ten feet to the line of -adjoining;
property, except th`it walls of the dry cleaning building :-zhich are
of brick not less than lu inches thick or equivalent and �.ithout
openings may be located on the property line, but in no cast: shall
more than two sides have blank, walls.
(b) Height shall be not over- one-story, without attic, con-
cealed roof space, basement or pits.
(c) 'Halls shall be of standard brick or equivalent construction.
!'Mall finish shall be either plain or plastered without furring.
Division walls between this and other buildings shall be blank.
Wired glass for windows shall be in sash so hung that they will
readily swing out in case oi' an explosion. Such sahh shall not be
secured. Class area in walls shall be so located. as to vent the
forca of any explosion in the direction or directions of bast ex-
posure.
(d) Two exits shall be provided cemote from each other and
l-eadintr, directly to the outside of the building. Doors shall be
approved fire doors.
(e) Floor shall not be below grade and shall be free from
pits, wells and pockets. The wearing surface shall be of incombus-
tible material.
(f) Roof shall be flat, of fireproof construction. If, due
to local conditions, it is desirable to vent possible explosions
univard the roof shall b: of light construction of incombustible
material.
(g) Skylights shall be provided. They shall be constructed
of metal frame and sash and be provided with wired glass. The sash
sha11 be of the pivot type, and so hung as to readily swing out in
case of an explosion.
1107. Buildings in ihich Dry Cleaning is Done with Lour Hazard
Dry Cleaning Liquids Only.
Dry cleaning operations using only low hazard dry cleaning
lio_uids shall not be carried on in buildings of frame construction
or of residential occupance. Except as provided in paragraph e of
this section, such dry cleaning; operations shall not he carried.on
in a building with other occupancy unless separated therefrom by
partitions having a fire resistance rating of not less than one
hour without openings, and by tailings of not 1•,ss than 3/4 inch
gypsum -Master on metal lath or its equivalent.
(b) Rooms used as above; shall not have floors below L;rad, ur
with nits, wells or pockets; the floors shall be of noncombustibl
construction or covered with noncombustible material. suc°a rooms
shall not be located above another story other than a basement; if
over a basement the floor shall be tight against :,ascage of liquids
or vapors to the basement.
(c) inhere all drying is done in drying tumblers a,.prov:d by
Underwriters' Laboratories, In. or where washing and drying; are
accomplished in a closed systern approved by Under,iters' Laboratories,
509
Inc., or whore washing; and drying are accomplished in a closed system
approved by Underwriters' Labo^stories, Inc., the partitions sopara-
ting such dry cleaning plant from othor occupancies may have door
openings therein if protected by approved self-closinE fire doors,
and where a hazard is not thereby created the Chief of the Bureau
of Tire Prevention may permit the omission of such partitions if
automatic sprinkle_^ protection is provided.
1108. Drying Rooms.
Rooms in which articles are hung up to dry after cleaning-
shall be separated from any cleaning rooms by partitions having a
fire resistance rating of not less than two hours if high hazard
dry cleaning liquids are used, and not less than one hour if low
hazard dry eleaninr liquids are used. Entrances to drying rooms
shall be provided with approved, self -closing fire doors. Ventila-
tion of drying rooms shall coQform to the requirements for ventila-
tion of dry cleaning rooms and the provisions for fire -extinguishing.
equipment shall be complied with. If the drying room is in a
separate building, it shall co:forn in construction and equipment
to all requirements for dry cleaning buildings.
1109. Yachanical Ventilation.
(a) A mechanical system of ventilation of sufficient capacity
to insura complete and continuous change of air in dry 03L ning
rooms once every three minutes shall be installed and shall be r,ro-
vided with means for remote control.
(b) The blados ana spiders of all exhaust fans shall too of
non-ferrous material cr the easing shall consist of or be lined with
such material.
1110. :lectrical Equipm rt.
(a) In rooms ::chore dry cleaning is done with high hazard, dry
cleaning liquids all electrical ;quipment shall be installed in
accordance with the Wational 'r;lcctrical Code requirements for
hazardous locations.
(b) In rooms where dry cleaning is done with low hazard dry
cleaning liquids all electrical equip ant within six f:et of the
floor shall be installed in accordance with the National ::lectrical
Code requirements for hazardous locations, unloss drying, is done in
drying tumblers approved by Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc., or
washing ann crying- are accomplished in a closed system approved by
Underwriters' Laboratories:, Inc.
1111. Eeating equipment.
(a) EEeating shall be by steam or hot water only. Stear.
and hot water pipes and radiators for heating anc drying purposes:
shall be at least one inch frolr all woodwork and stall be protected
by substantial metal screens arranged so as to prevent combustible
goods or materials from col.i: in contact with such pipes and
radiato2s.
(b) Boilers shall be located in a aetached building or in a
boiler room cut off from the dry cleaning room by a partition having
a fire resistance: rating of not leas than two hours Zth openings
protected by approved self -closing Fire doors and hnvingg sills
raised at least six inches above the cry cleaning room floor, pro-
vided that where W! hazarc dry cleenine liquids are used suchseparatingpartition shall be astandard 'brick wall or equivalent
and shall be without openings.
1112. 8tora;re Tanks.
All storage tanks for d.r^ cleaning liquids shall be under-
510
ground, installed and equipped in accordance with Part 9 of this
ordinance, except that inside (aboveground) storage tanks may be
used for low hazard dry cleaning liquids provided the aggregate
quantity of such liquid in the storage tanks and throughout the
system does not exceed 550 gallons, and the individual capacity of
any tank does not exceed 275 gallons.
1113. Handling of Dry Cleaning Liquids.
(a) The handling of liquids from and to the various machines
shall be through closed circuits of piping. Pumps of positive cis
placement type shall have a by-pass and relief valve.
(b) Gauge glasses and look boxes or windows, the breakage
of which would permit the escape of liquids, shall be of a
t;*pa not readily damaged by heat and shall be reliably pro-
tected against mechanic-:l injury.
(c) A separate suction and discharge connection shall
be provided to the pump for remov.,il of sludge from the
treating and settling tanks. The suction pipe shall be.
carried to the tank bottom, and the discharge connection to
an approved separator.
(d) All piping shall be tested to a pressure of at least
fifty pounds and proven tight and otherlp,ise protected against
mechanical injury.
1114. Washing P.7achines.
(a) Each washing machine shall be provided with an overflow
pine one size larger than the size of the supply line to the. machine.
Such overflow pipe shall be connected to the shall of the washer
so that the top of the overfle�+, is below the bottom of the bearings; I
it shall be without shut-off valves and shall be arranged to discharge
to suitable tank.
(b) ;Hashing machines shall be provided with liquid -tight
doors of the oi..tside case hinge type, arranged to be s:.lf-closing
or to close automatically in case of fire.
(c) Individual button and lint traps shall be provided for
each washer and a master strainer shall be installed in the main
vast-, line..
1115. Clarifying '3quipment.
(a) Clarifiers, stills, condensers and treating tanks shall be
of a type which will not expose the liquid during any part of the
process of reclamation. Steam or hot water only shall be used for
heating. Stills and condensers shall be licuid and gas tight and
provided ,.vith safety valves discharging to the outside air.
(b) �,Pach still and other container for high hazard dry
cleaning licuid shall be provided with an automatic heat actuated
emergence drain connection of ample ce._pacity to discharge entire
contents to underground storage tanks within a ner.iod of five
minutes.
1116. Drying Tumblers and Cabinets.
'
(a) Drying tumblers and cabinets shall be vapor -tight and,
.unless of a type approved by TT--d:erwriters' L- bo^atori: T_r c. s'ia11
,
be rrovided with -elf -closing exnlosi.on hatches hevinF an area equal
to at, least 10 per cent of the total area of the cylindera, ex-
cluding� the ends. latches shall be arranged to open ,Jway from the
operator.
(b) Drying tumblers shall be provided with a steaLL jet, for
steaming during the drying process.
511
(c) Drying tumblers and cabinets shell be ventilated to
the
outside air by means of properly constructed pipes
anc duct connected
to an exhaust fan of sufficient capacity to remove
all dust,
vapors
or fibres generated by the nroc=ss. Suchh discharg-
pipes shall
b
carried to a height of not less that six feet above
the roof.
Discharge pipes shall not terminate ,,,ithin ten feet
measured
hori-
zontally from any door, wir:do-, or frame wall or any
adjoin°ng
cr
adjacent building.,. "he fan shall be properly houses and :kept
in
'
operation while the drying tumbler is in use.
1117. Zxtractors.
(a) Extractor bas_ets shall have a rim cf non-ferrous r.etal
and shall be well balanced.
(b) xtractors shall be provides with a cover of non-ferrous
metal or brass screen held in a substantial frame.
(c) xtraetors shall be rovided with a drain pipe not 1_:ss
than 1J, inches in diameter connected direct to storage tar.:ks
or to the wesher through an approved extractor puma :^ith connec-
tions fitted 44,ith proper gate- valves.
(d.) Brakes, f used shall be so desi«ned as to prevent tho
striking of sparks or develo_oing excessive heat.
1118. Scouring, 3rushinF^ and. :crubbinE?.
(a) All scourInF and brushing and scrubbing operations shall .
be carried on in the dry cleaning room or in a. separate room conform-
ing to all the requirements for dry cleaning rooms.
(b) Scourin4, and brushing tables shall have a liquid -tight
' top with a curb on all sides not less than one inch high. The ton
of the table shall b': so pitched az to ensure thorough draining to
a 11-inch drain connection v.ith liquid seal trap direct to a stor-
age tank. Ta..tal tops where used shall be liquid -tight, and prema-
nently and effectively grounded. !'he table shall be secured to
the floor or wall.
(c) Scouring and brushing tables and scrubbing tubs shall be
so located as to ensure thorough and effective disposal of vapors
through the ventilating system.
(d) Scrubbing tubs shall be secured to the floor and shall be
:,rovidsd vith permanent lu-inch tran_ped drains to storage tan..s;
the total amount of solvent used in such open containers shall not
exceed 3 gallons.
1119. Fire xtinguishi.np- squiprrent.
(a) Approved extinguishing devicos of a type suitablo for
use on oil fins shall be provided. These mar be hand extinguishers
and, if necessary, ::heeled extinguishers, dependinar upon the size
of the plant. In no case shall there be less than one foam ty^e
extinguisher of the 2 -,allon size at each entrance.
(b) `Vhere high hazard dry cleaning liquia is used each dry
cleaning room,and where either high hazard or low hazard dry
cleaning liquid is used, e€:-ch drying room and each washing rachine
and drying tumbler or cr:binet shall be equipped a:!ith an approved
extinguishing system employing a fire retarding chemical or gas
or steam. Supply pipes shall be of :sufficient capacity to com-
pletely fill the room or space in less than one minute. Suitab L
operating valves shall be located outside the protected room.
Such systems shall be continually available while the plant is
in operation.
• 1120. :quipr._ent to be; S.;curel y Fastened and Electrically
Grounded.
512
All machinery and. containers shall be
rigidly fastened to a
substantial
foundation or to the floor, and
shall be electrically
grounded.
Al revolving parts of machinery
shall be grounded
through the
end of the shaft, in addition to
grounding the shall of
the container.
In dry cleaning rooms where
high hazard dry cleaning
liquids are
used, all pulleys and belting in
the dry cleaning
room shall
have grounded collectors or other
suitable devices for
the removal
of static electricity.
Part 12
,
F11"f,E11TIO.d OF It)ST 'EXPLOSIONS.
1201. The Bureau of Fir:: Prevention is her -,by authorizad to
prohibit further operation in any grain elevator, flour, starch
or feed mill or plant pulverizing cocoa, sugar, spic-s, coal, or
other materials producing flammable dusts where:
(a) elevator legs, spouts, ho-pars and other conveyors are
not dust tight.
(b) Accumulations of dust are permitted in the interior of
the building and a suitable dust removal system is not maintained.
(c) Opan flame or spark producing equipment is nerraitt-d in
rooms containing dusty atmospheres.
(d) Pneumatic or magnetic separators are not maintained
ahead of all grinding or pulverizing machines.
(d) Operation is not under competent supervision.
(f) Machinery and parts of the crushing, drying:, pulverizing '
and conveying systems are not adequately grounded.
Part 13
HAZAT DT7Fc C'p,^'ICALS.
1301. The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention shall be
empowered to restrict the storage, handling and sal, of chemicals
and chemical compounds which are of a corrosive or poisonous nature,
or which materially increase the fire hazard. 'dihere kept in con-
tainers or packages usual to the retail trade, no general restriction
shall apply other than shelving shall be substantial and storage shall
be neat and orderly.
1302. For storage of hazardous chemicals in war, houses, fac-
tories and wholesale stores, material of an oxidizing nature, such
as nitrates, nitrites, chlorates, etc., shall be stored in dry
places, and the Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may require
a separate room or building when the quantity stored constitutes
a material hazard.
1303. Bulk storage or storage of two or more carboys of acid
shall be outside in a yard or an enclosur;, or properly _,rotacted
on the roof of the building, or in a special room provided with a
suitable container for the character of acid in casa of breakaga '
or leak.
1304. The Chief of the Bureau of Fire Prevention may require
the separation, or isolation of any chemical which is of a nature
which in combination with other chemical or with organic :Natter
may bring :_bout a fire or explosion or may liberate a hazardous or
poisonous gas.
513
Part 14.
CtlP;Tii'.S"I6'L FI,2??,]S.
1401. '['he term combustible fibres shall includ-, cotton, sisal,
henequen, ixtle, jute, hemp, toy:;, cocoa fibre, oakum, baled waste,
kapok, '_lay, straw, Sp:ariish moss L:nd excelsior.
1402.
housed or in
Loos, fibres (.iot in suitable bales or nLekages), .vheth r
the open, shall act be stored within 100 fuet of any
building except
as
hereinafter sp<;cifi=:d.
1403.
JJot to
exceed 100 cubic feet of loose combustible fibre
may be kept
in any
builaint=, provid:_,d storage is 'n a metal-lin.d
wooden bin,
equipp:;d
-!ith a self -closing metal -lined cover.
1404. n,uantitios ;xceedint: 100 c.,bic feet of loose combustible
fibre, but not axcaedinr 500 cubic feet, r_ay be stored in rooms or
corapnrtraents havinr. floo_ .Tell, f::r_c coilinfc constructed of material
possessin(; sufficient fire resist-nce to vaithstfind a standard on —
hour fire test. Openings into such rooms or, cor.)irtments shall be
cut off from other -;arts of the building b-; approved fire doors.
1405. Quantities exceeding 500 cubic fleet of loose combustible
fibre may be stored in approved vaults, constructed as follows:
(a) Storat•e v,,julr,s shall preferably be located outside of
b Lildings. If located inside, safety -rent-_ to ou'-side air shall b,
provided.
(b) :Falls, floors, end ceilings shall be constructed of brick
or other approved non-combustible material. Hoofs of outside vaults
shall lik-1.171se b-�� of non-combustible material but r-ay be so con-
structed as to readily give way in case of an internal explosion.
(e) Openings:, if any, between vault and main building shall
be -protected on Hach side cf the wall by an .approved fire door.
11all opening,-- in outsic_e vaults exposing other property (not
sufficiently detached to be considered cut off) shall be protected
by approved fire doors or ecuivalent.
(d) Vaults located +;ithin buildings and exceeding 1,000
cubic feet storage capacity shall be protectoa by approved autor._atic
sprinklers, if possible. Vv'hare such protection is not available
steam jets or inert gas systems approved for fire extinguishing
purposes shall be installed.
1406. Not to exceed 2. b00 cubic feet of loose fibre; rray b,
stored in detached "loose house" suitably located, with openings
properly protected against entrance of sparks. 'lhe "loose house"
shall be used fcr no other pu^pose.
1407. 3locks or piles of baled fib_-e shall be separated from
adjacent storat-e by aisles not lase than 5 feet wide; or by flash
fire barriers consisting of continuous s`i eta of noncorrbustibl
material extending from floor to a haight of at least one foot
above the highest point of 7iins and proj-ccting st bast one foot
be?*ond the sides of the pipes.
' 1408. Sisal and other fibrr s in bales bound 'ait.I combustible
tie ropes, also jute and other fibres liable to swell idien wet,
shall he stored to callow for expansion, to the extent of 20 per
cent of their bulk in tiny direction v,ithoirt endangering building
ta17.s, ceilings or colunns. Not less than 3 feet clearance shall be
maintained between sprinkler oipas and tops of nil s. Not L ss than
3 feet clearance shall be left b-t*.een .,alls and sides of piles,
exc=;pt that if store;*e com^^rtn.ent is not more than 50 feet in width,
one foot clearance at side �&Ils rill be sufficient, provided a
center aisle not l.e:;s tLnn 5 fiat ride is maintained.
514
1409. Unlimited quantities of hay, straw, and other agricul-
tural products may be stored in or near farm buildings located
outside closely -built areas.
Part 15.
i : 4TGETIUTION
1501. (a) No installation of a refrigerating unit cr systeri '
containing in excess of 20 pound:: of refrigerant shall b made until
a )-rrait has been obtained from the Bureau of Fire Prevention,
except that no permit shall be required for non-cnnd.ensi.ng refrig-.r-
ating systems using air as a refrigerant.
(b) Systems requiring a permit and containing any --efrig,rant
which is harmful to health and the vapors of which arenotread ily
apparent through odor or irritating effect shall have added to such
refrigerant a suitable leak detecting agent which will give warning
before dangerous concentrations are reached. This restri.ction shall
not apply to systems emcloyint carbon dioxide.
(c) For the purpose of this ordinance a "toxic" refrigerant
is one falling in Undercrriters' Laboratories, Inc. toxicity
classification Groups 1 to 4 inclusive. The following refrigerants
are toxic as thus defined, or are flamr,able or both toxic and
flammable.
Ammonia
Butane
Di.chlorethylene
'thane
thyl Bromide
.,th. Chloride
Yethyl Bromide
M-nthyl Chloride
Lethyl Fornate
Propane
Sulphur Dioxide
1502. s'xeapt in plants used exclusievely for ice making, '
refrigeration or colo storat-e no system containing o-,n r 100 pounds
of toxic or flammable refrigerant shall be installed unless it con-
forms to the following provisions:
(a) Refrigeration shall be by the indirect method, except that
direct refrigeration -^rill be'permit t;d in rooms, vaults or other
spaces used for storage only, or in connection with a manufacturing
process located on the ground floor only and �.;ith adequate exit
facilities. 7o brine circulating system employing a brine having
a flash point below 100- F. shall be permitted in any location in
which an indirect system only is ne-^misible.
(b) ach compressor shall be in a special machinery room with
suitable exit to the outside. Adequate means for ventilation shall
be provided by a door or window opening to the: outside or a mechanical
system of ventilation shall be: provided.
(c) Remote control shall be provided such that all machinery
can be shut down without entering the machinery room.
(d) Suitable mask shall be provided, :which shall be kept in
operative condition in an easily accessible case or cabinet,
immediately* outside the m::.chinery room.
( e ) All door*.,,tays between the mnchiner , room and other parts
of the building shall be normally closed and shall be tight fitting
No other openings between the m,chinery room and other parts of the
building shall be permitted.
(f) No open flame or spark producing device shall be permitted
in any refrigerating nachinery room with a systeT-a containing a
flammable refrig^rant.
515
1503. (a) No system containing over 1,000 pounds of butane,
ethane, propane or other refrigerant having. a flash point below 250
F. shall be permitted i:!ithin the following limits: (Boundary limits
should include the r;=er.caritile and closel- built resic.;ntial sections.).
(b) 7o system of the intermittent absorption ty_e contain-
ing over 1,000 pounds of refrigerant shall be permitted, and no
system of the intermittent absorption tyke Containing over 100
' pounds of refrigerant shell be perr._i.tted unless the heating radium
is loin pressure steam.
(c) Coils carryinv refrigerants which are flamrr.ablo or <hlcn
are toxic as cefined in raragraph 1501 (c), shall not be placed
in air duets or other air circula-tinu passages of air cooling systems.
Brine or e:ate.r cooled by such refrigerants may be sprayed into such
air passages.or may be circulated through coils located in such
passages, but no such brir_e shall contain any flammable constituent.
1504. (a) ^.il refrigerant nir.ir_g, tubing and fittings shall
be of a material suitable for the rafri(*erant employed.
(b) Standard ,all thic nes- pipe may be used where a test
pressure of 300 pounds or la,s is required; ;nc�re the t;st pressure
is in excess of 300 pounds extra he;_;.vy pipe shall be used. Le -
flanged fittings are usDd the- shall be of the r cessed gasket
type. Pipin., shall be rigidly secu.red in nlae-.
(c) Approved sear:.,less metal tubing of copper or other mat rial
suitable for the refrigerant may- be used for refrigerant lines in
systems containing not over 100 pounds of refrigerant.
(d) alevator, dumbwaiter or other shafts containing moving
objects shall not be used for outlet or junction boxes, nor for
tubing or piping; carrying* refrigerant.
(a) Systems of more than 20 pounds capacity, or systems
supplying two or no re evaporator-,, anc using seamless metal 'Cubing
for refrigerant lines-, shall have all such tubing, except between
the compressor and the nearest riser box or manifolc, installed in
iron pipe or other metal enclosure, 1+:.Tith suitable metal outlet boxes
for manifolds and for all valves except those at the evaporators.
Flexible metal enclosures may be used at bents or -t terminals if
nbt exceeding 6 feet in length and rigidly fastened to connecting
pipe and/or valve boxes. lath run of pipe ahsll be saalad or
plugged at er:ch junction box inlet frith a material not affected by
moisture or the temperature of the line. All joints shall be
accessible and shall be of sweated type:,, extent th=-t flared ,joints
may be used for tubing not more than 5/8-inch in diamater and where
the required test pressure does not exceed 160 pounds. Jnclosu.res
shall be rigidly secured to, the wblls or other support. ^ubing shall
be independently supported in such .manner as to prevent excessive
vi.braticn and strains sit joints =:nd connections. Valves, service
connections and joints in tubing shall be rigidly secured in suitable
metal boxes at accessible points.
1505. No system shall be -.laced in operation until the comnlate
installation has been tested by the installer in the presence of the
authority enforcing this code. c-,rtificate of approval shall be
' posted on the premises where the system is installed. Tests,, shall
include a vacuum test of the complete piping system, preferably
with the evaporators inst.:,Ile d, but valves thereon may be closad
to prevent withdrawal of t2:e refrigerant; under this test a vacuum
of 20 inches of mercury shrill be ,)laced upon the system and shall be
held for a period of 20 minut s, �,,ith no detect•_ble drop, aft-:r
the pump has been stopped.
After the vacuum test, the system of piping shall be tested
by application of the pressure indicated in the table following:
Refrigerant used
Carbon dioxide
Ammonia
Methyl chloride
Sulphur dioxide
Iso-butane
Butane
methyl chloride
Yethylene chloride
i._onofluorotrichloromethane (F 11)
Dichlorodifluoromethana (F 12)
Trichlorotrifluoroethane (F 113)
Dichloromonofluoromethane (F 21)
Dichlorotetrafluoro-athana (F 114)
Test Pressures
High Side Part Low Side Part
Lb. per sq. in. Lb. per so. in.
1,500
750
300
150
180
80
135
50
130
50
75
35
50
25
15
15
30
30
235
145
30
30
70
30
75
30
1506. In systems exceeding; 20 pounds canacity, the compressor,
if not located in a machinery room, shall not be locatod under
stairways or near dumb waiter or elevator shafts, shall be located
as nearly beneath the riser as practicable; shall preferably not
be in a room containing. storage of combustible material; shall in
any case be located at least 10 feet from such storage; shall be
located in an accessible part of the building ,;:!ith ade�alate lig`_Aing
facility provided; and shall be protected against mechanical injury
b`* a non-combustible partition, or by heavy rcct-1 netting-ezr^,d
to two by four -inch wooden studding or to metal posts.
1507. Shut-off valves shall be installed at e.ch service
outlet in pressure and return lines, and in each riser or manifold
connection at or near the compressor. These valves shall be
fitted with a hand wheel or other means of ready onara.tion as an
inte€oral part thereof.
Valves in service connections shall be located outside of
refrigerating unit and at such distance above the floor as will
provide ready accessibility.
Evaporators which may be removed as a unit shall have valves
permitting the removal of the evaporator with valves attached.
1508. Service Connections.
(a) Not more than a single tenant shall be supplied from an
outlet box on a main riser. Such outlet box shall be located within
the premises of the tenant served and so arranged as to be accessible
at all times.
(b) No outlet or junction box shall be p:rmitted in any hallway,
stairway or vertical shaft not cut off at each story.
(c) iWery refrigerator shall be rigidly secured in place.
1509. .every system, containing over 20 pounds of refrigerant
whica operates above atmospheric pressure, and every water cooled
system containing over 12 pounds of refrigerant and capable of
producing a pressure in excess of the test pressure shall be
provided with a pressure limiting device.
1510. Each system containing over 100 pounds of refrigerant
shall have compressor or generator protected by a pressure -relief
valve connected into the high nressure side betvreen the main -stops -
valve and the compressor or generator 4.o relieve excessive nressure
into the low pressure side of the system or to the atmosphere.
;',There discharge is to the low pressure side, a relief valve shall
be provided on the low pressure side of the system.
517
1511. No stop -valve shall be located between a pressure relief
device, or pressure liriting. device and the part of the system
protected thereby, unl,ss two >ressure relief devices of r-;quirad
size are used, and so arrang-d thet only one ;pressure relief device
can be cut off for repair purnoses at an,,, one time.
1512. Systems exceedinf- 20-2ounds capacity shall have a pressure
'
relief device on shell type apparatus, such as li:j!J d separators,
oiquid receivers, condensers, evanorntors and absorbers, which can
be shut off by stop -valves.
1513. svar;'7 system containing mo-re than 100 pounds of ref-iger-
and shall be provided :^ith `r. hand -operated relief for disch%rging
the refrigerant in case cf fire, either to the atmosphere or to a
suitable body of water. !'or systeris containing; irritant or
flammable r frigerants, the discharFo to the atmosphere shall be
through a proper diffuses above the roof of builcing.s within 50
feet. The hand -operated relief valve shall be located outside
the machinery room, or shall be capable of operation from the
outside.
1514. A rupture , mb r may be substituted for the relief vely
in c-,7,rbon dioxide systems or s-;st3Es op,rating, below atmospheric
pressure.
Yart 16
"AMT
.:. 1, C 1
1601. No nerson shall manufactur , transport, store or sell
matches exceeding in aggregate ti0 matchnan's gross (14,400 matches
each gross) without securinE- a permit from the Chief of the ;3ureau
of Fire Prevention.
'
1602. Application for permit shall be made in 'siting and
shall set i'orth in detail, location of proposed storage or place
of sale, or method of ttansportrtibn; character of building construc-
tion, location of storage or, *:lace of Bale within the building,
kind of matches involved and t-,pe of containers. If, after an
inspection of premises, the of this ordinance are found
_provisions
to have been complied with, Hermit shall be issued.
1603. 17holesale Stor�a--At.wholesala establishments and
wherever matches excoe•dinE the quantity specified in Section 1601
are stored, shipping containers containing matches shall be arranged
in piles not exceeding- 10 feet in height with aisles at lust 4
feet vide.
1604. Where other materials or commodities are stored on the
same floor with matches, a corner, and/or other portion of the room
shall be devoted to match storage exclusively, and a clear space of
not less than 4 feet maintained bet:° en match stora o and such other
materials or commodities.
1605.
No matches shall be stored ',:ithin 10 feet of
any opan
elevator
shaft, 3levator shaft opening, open stairway or
other
vertical
opening.
'
1606.
there shipping; containers containing matches
are opened,
the contents
of such broken containers shall be removed
and stored
in metal
or metal li::ec bins _c:uipp--d with-prinC_ self -closing:
r.etal
or m tsl
lined covers.
1607. Storage by 33etailars.--';t:ere matches are sold at retail
original sealad packages mar be stored on shelves. ',7hen such
packages are broken, individual boxes shall be stored in metal or
neta:l lined bins as described in Section 1606 above.
518
Part 17
GARAGES.
1701. Permit Required. No person shall us.- an,, building,
shad or enclosure for the purpose of servicing or repairing any
motor vehicle therein, nor use any room or space having; a floor
area exceeding 1,200 square feet in any building, shed or enclosure
for storing, housing or keeping any motor vohicles containing flamin-able I
liquid in the fuel tanks thereof, without a permit from the B uroau
of Firc Prevention.
1702. Repair :9ork. Carbon and lead burning, �:lding and other
processes involving direct application of fla= shall not be carried
on in any garage housing more than twenty automobiles on an.r floor
unless the garage is equipped with an automatic sprinkler system,
or such processes are: carried on in a room enclosed b-, „galls having
a fire resistance rating of not loss than two Yours, with openings
therein protected by approved fire doors or fire windo,,s, and wit;i
no opening from such room to any upper story. No repairs of any
kind shall be made in any baseLient cr sub -basement garage.
1703. Cleaning with Flardliaable Liquids. 'To flnn.n.able Liquid
with a flash point below 100 F. shall be used in any garage for
t,ashing parts or removing grease or dirt, unless in a special closed
machine approved for the purpose, or in a separate room enclos d by
walls h,-:ving a fire resistc,nee rating of not less than tv;o hours,
with openings therein protected by approved fire doors or fi:^e
windows, and with no opening from such room to any upper or lower
story.
1704. Nandline� of Gasoline and Cils. The reservoirs of motor
veh�,.cles shall be filled directl,, through hose from pumps attached
to approved portable tan_cs or drawing from underground storm-e tanks. I
No transfer of gasoline in any 'garage shall ba nr_-.de in any open
container..
There shall be no facilities; for gasoline handling or filling
in any basement or sub-baseraent garage and no such filling or handling
oparations shall be carried on therein.
A?o gasoline or other volatile flammable liquid shall be allowed
to run upon the floor or to fall or pass into the drainage system
of the Dremises. Self -closing metal cans shall be used for all
oily waste or wasted oils. Contents of oil separators or traps of
floor drainage systems shall be collected at frequent intervals and
removed from the ?premises.
Part 18
FIRS' E:.I'.:'
1801. No person shall at any time place an ancurnbrance of any
kind whatsoever before or upon any fire escape, balcony or ladder
intended as a means of escape from fire. It shall be the duty of
every member of the police and fire departments who shall discover
any fire escapes encumbered in any mannar to forthwith. report to the
?Bureau of Fire Prevention and the said Bureau shall immodiutely notify
the owner and the tenant to remove such encumbrance. '
1802. It shall be unlawful for any person to place, store or
keep, or permit to be placed, stored or kept under of at. the bottom
of any stairway, inside or outside, elevator or other sheft in any
building, any combustible or flan-r_able materials, fluids or compounds,
no- shall any such combustible or flammable materials be placed or
stored or kept in any place where ignition or bu:�nin.g .,ould obstruct
or render hazardous, egress from a building.
5191
1803. No obstruction shall be permitted in hallways of
tenerrsent houses or apa_2tment houses.
1804. All doors, aisl,�s and passage rays within and leading
into or out of :laces of as--mbl;,t shall be kept free from easols,
signs, standards, campstools, chairs, sofas, benches ana any other
article th-.t mi.F-ht obstruct or dela}, the exit of the a.idienc3, con-
gregation or assemblage during the entire time during ,r.hich any
show, performance, service, exi!-bition, Lecture, concert, ball or
other assemblage may be held. Cle_r passage from all exit:: and on
sidewalks must at all times b, mcintained outsi(:o of all places of
assembly. No aisle, pas sagewa;;r or stairway in any store shall be
obstructed with t-bles, shove cas.,s, or other obstruction during
hourE said store is open to the public. It shall be the duty ofthe
Chief of th:; Police Department to render assistants in the enforce-
ment of the provisions of this part and to direct and require police
officers to enter all places of assembly for such purposes.
1805. Parking of i.xits.
(a) In rooms accommodating more than seventy-five persons
required exit doorways, other than those n)rmally used for entrance,
shall be plainly marked by ap_;roved exit signs, sufficiently il um-
inated when the floor area is occupi+ed, to be readily distingu-shedr
(b) Directional si(_ns, as =ecuired, shall be placed on r.alls
or otherwise distil£:yed in coilspi.cuous locations to direct occur)ants
to exits.
1606. Lighting of �',xits.
(a) Tiecuired exit prays shall be kept adequately lighted
at all times that the buiidin,> served th:reb-- is occupied.
(b) ;Whore the number
the
of person:> exceeds
room and of exit
75 in any room the
ways therefrom shall be
artificial lighting of
by electricity so arranFc;d
and su;,plied that
interruption of supply
to any one li,-hting branch
circi.it will not
re:;ult in extinguishment
of all the lights in the room
or all the lights
along any exit way.
Part 19
1901. All basements, cellars and sub -cellar: exceeding 2,000
seuare feet in area within enclosing masonry galls, and used for
the storage, sale, manufacture or handling of materials indicated
in Section 1902, shall be ecui?ped A th a standard •.!et pipe systar,
of automatic sprinklers and with supply front city Water Mfiins or
other suitable source of supply. there adequate heat is not pro-
vided, such systen-.s mat* be omitted if in the opinion of the Chief
of the iureau of Fire Prevention, concurred in by the Chief of the
Fire Department, the hazard is not severe, provided that such
places shall be equipped •rith a suitable dry sprinkler cyst rl with
a fire department connection on the building front, or with suitable
cellar flooding holes grope-rl! distributed in the first floor of
the building, or v;itn: an ^L•-:roved standpipe system, with fire
department connection. on the strut and control devices so located
rr_ arrangcd that tram f^or: nozzles on the standpipe can be
cpntrollod from the outside of the building, and ;ilso that all such
nlaces shall be rroviced ..it` _T1 -r^rov9d 9utoTMatic heist -actuated
alarm system connected to an outside gong or to the central
station of a suir rvieing company.
1902. Hase:eent:, cellars and sub -cellars requiring the above
protection are those in connection pith: 7Zag, paper or junk
storage; shipping', reeeivina• or storage of furniture, dry goods,
toys and other articl".s involvin1v quantities of excelsior, moss,
paper and like materials; manufacture of articles containinEr, or
involving highly col;.hustible materials; storage of dangerous ch,r..ica�,
acids or flammable liquids.
520
1903. The Chief of the Bureau of P'ire Prevention shall survey
each mercantile and manufacturing establishment each school each
place of assembly, each hospital or place of d:;tention, and each
apartment house, or tenement building and shall cesignate suitable
fire appliances in or near boiler rooms, kitchens of restaurants,
clubs and like establishments, storage rooms involving ronsidereble
combustible material, rooms in tivhich hazardous manufacturing procasses
are involved, garage sections, and other places of a generally hazardous
nature. Such appliances may consist of automatic alarm �oystenis, '
automatic sprinklers, standpipe and hose, fixed, ,heelad or portabl
chemical extinguishers of a typ:: suitable for the probably class of
fire, or suitable asbestos blankets, rganual or automatic cover:: or
the introduction of an inert gas. In specially hazardous processes
or excessive storages appliances of more than one type may be required
or special systems installed.
1904. Failure to install or provide the equipment ordered by
the Chief of Lhe 3ureau of Fire Prevention, and to maintain it in
operative condition at all times, shall be considered a violation
punishable as indicated hereinafter in this ordinance. Repeated
disregard for such order shall constitute sufficient basis for the
revoking of any permit held.
Part 20.
GAS APPLIAi7C IS A?�TD COiN'T%TMTT`.NS
2001. Shut-off 7alves. An outside valve shall be installed
on every gas service pipe regardless of size tht:_t supplies large
stores or factories, or :)laces of public assembly such as churches,
theatres, motion picture theatres, schools, and 'hospitals, and on
every service pipe 22 inches or larger in diameter.
2002. Shut-off cocks and valves shall be nlaced in suitz-:ble '
stop or valve boxes, manholes or vaults, the covers of which shall
bear the name of the company to which it b::long>s and the valves if
necessary tagged to properly identify their purposa.
2003. All gas burners shall be placed at least 3 feet below
any woodwork or ceiling attached to wooden beams, unless the sar.ee
is properly protected by a shield, in which case the distance shall
be not less than 18 inches.
2004. No gas bracket on any lath and plaster partition or
woodwork shall be less than 6 inches in length measured from the
burner to the plaster surface or woodwork.
2005. Gas connections to stoves, heaters and other appliances
shall be made by metal pipe or by approved metal tubing securely
fastened in place, except that for devices which require a movable
connection, approved, flexible tubing as specified below may be
usad provided there is no shut-off on the davice.
2006. It shall be unlawful for any person to use, sal,
expose cr offer for sale, or to inst,.11 or fix, any tubular connec-
tion of fabric intended for any illuminating gas fixtures, stove,
heater or lamp, or other gas appliances, unless such tube connec-
tion, hose or similar daviee shell be approved by the Chief of the I
Dureau of Fire Prevention in accordance with the following specifi-
cations:
(a) Gas tubing shall be made up in suitable lengths with end
pieces securely attached by the rrranufacturer.
(b) All gas tubing must be made up of a strong gas -tight
metal core with rubber Racking and covered with a layer of good
quality rubber or other suitable gas -tight material and a braided cloth
covering. Such layers or covering or rubber to be put on over the
metal core in such a way that it will of itself form a gas -tight
wall.
521
(c) Each lenf-th of tubing shall be labelled by the manufac-
turer with a tad=, attached to the tubing or a marking on the end
piece, or both. The inscription shall state the manufacturer's
name, the length of th;; tubing or any other information pertin, nt
to the public use of this piece of tubing.
(d) Rubber and pieces r..ust be of good quality, must be at
least i_ inches lonC, corrUgatod i:=.`.'-iC;e, anG have an outside wall
thickness of at lust 5/32 inch at the gas appliance end and must
be so attached as to stand a pull equal to lifting- a weight of
50 pounds.
2007. All ga:: stoves or gas plates shall be placed on iron
stands at least 6 innhas a:)ove combustible supports !rnlass the
burners are at least 5 inc;^_es above the base with metr_1 guard plates
below the burners.
2008. Gas burners installed in low pressure steer boilers
or hot water boiler-: or fu_-naces, used for heating buildings, shall
be provided with a thermost-_tic pilot light so constructed and
adjusted that no gas c_n flo':: throu:h the main burner unless the
pilot light is burr:ir: ;, or with ::ome other similar type of safety
device serving. this same end. ^_he operation of the safety dcvica
which shuts off the main grs su;)pl;), shall not depend on the
closing of an electric circr.it.
Part 21
I.'ISC iLL.%NI ,'CTJS
2101. "To arson shall kindle or maintain any bonfire or
shall knowingly furnish the materials for any such fire, or
authorize anv such fire to he kindled or maintained on or in any
street, alley, road, land cr :public f-rounds or -upon ar_y private
lot, unless a written Hermit so to co shall first have b:;:n secured
from the Bureau of Fire Prevention.
2102. No person shall deposit ashes, smouldering coal or
ember:;, greasy or oil', substrinceo or other m!:tters liable to create
spontaneous ignition within ten feet cf any wooden or plast�erod
wall, partition, fence, floor, sid--walk, lumber, hay, shavine.s,
rubbish or other combustible materials, except in metallic or other
noncombustible resceptscles. Such roscaptacles, unless resting on
a noncombustible floor or on the ground outside the building, must
be placed on non-combustible str,nds, and in ever•,• case must be 'rapt
at least two feet away from any combustible wall or artition.
2103. No person shall "_,C=At to remain upon any roof or in
any court, 1rard, vacant lot or open space, cane accumulr:tion of ante
Pape-, 'hay, grass, stray, -a, weeds, litter or combustible or flanTable
",ante or rubbish of any kind. All weeds, --rass, vi_,:as or other
growth, when srune endangers nropert,, or is lis_ble to be fired, :-hall
be cut doom and r:emovec bV the o•c:nar or occupant of the property
it is on.
2104. No parson reakinr, using., storing or having charge of
cent"rol of a;1" -h".vin;-s, `xc.91SiCr, -ubbish, st:Cfs, hays, litter,
hay, straw or combustible trash, waste or fragronts shall fail,
neglect or refuse at the close of each day to cruse all such material
,which is not compactly baled and stacked in an orderlT, n.anner to be
removed from the premises or stored in suitable vaults or in metal
or metal lined covered racept-:clos or bins. The Chief of the
Bureau of Fire Prevention s`_all require suitable baling presses to
be installed in stores, apartment buildings, f.-ct;ories and sir:.ilar
places where accumulations of paper and c-aste materials are not
removed at least every :second. cay.
2105. The stora.7- of :Tarot' lacking cases, boa's, barrels or
other similar cor_bustihie contain-Irs is forbidden without a "eriait
522
except in the open. Provided, however, that no permit shall ba
required for the storage .. thin a manufacturing or other establish-
ment of sufficient packing cases, boxes, barrels, or other similar
containers to properly carry on its operations, but s,.rch storage
shall be orderl;r and not se located as to endanra- exit from tha
building. Storage in the open of racking cases, boxes, barrels or
other similes combustible containers shall not be more than twenty
feet in height, and shall be at least fifty feet from the nearest
building. A1.1 such storage shall be in a compact and orderly manner. '
2106. Cotton batting, straw, dry vines, le -,,vas, trees, cellu-
loid or other highly flarsaable materials shall not be used for
decoration purposes in show windows or stores without a. permit,
provided, however, th t nothing in this section shall be held to
prohibit the display of :.aleable goods permitted and offered for
sale in the store. lectvic ID-ht bulbs in stores or public halls
shall not be decorated with paper or other combustible materials
unless such materials shall first have been rendered flameproof.
2107. NO person shall take into any building, barn, vessel,
boat or any other place where hig_ily flan able, combustible or
explosive material is kept, an open flame unless such light or flame
shall be well secured in a glass globe, wire mesh cage or si.riilar
approved device.
2108. All chimneys, smokestacks or similar devices for conve;-ing
smoke or hot gases to the outer air and the stoves, furnaces, fire
boxes or boilers to which they are connected shall ba constructed
and maintained in such a manner as not to endan_:ar adjacent property,
and in accordance with the Building Cdde.
2109. No heating apparatus with an open flame, and no artificial
lighting system other than incandescent electric lights shall be
used. in any i-arehouse for the storage of rags, excelsior, -hair or
other flamr:,able or combustible material; nor in any shop or factory
,,sed for the manufacture, repair or renovating of mattresses or
bedding; nor in any establishment for the upholster, of furniture.
2110. All trapdoors, except those which are automatic in
their operation, in any factory building; or buildings used for
sto^eige shall be closed at the completicng of the business of . ch
day. ';very outside window in a building used for manufacturing
Purposes or for store -o w:r ich opens directly on any hoist -way or other
vertical means of communication between two or more floors in such
building, shall be plainly makrod cith the word in red
letters at least six inches high on a white b«ckground, such erarn`_ng
sign to be so alaced as to be =asily discernible from the outside
of the building. ieve; door or tri:dow open'_ng on such shaft>>vay
from the interior of the building, unless the construction of the
partition surrounding the shaftway is of such distinctive nature
as to make its purpose evident at a glance, shall be similarly marked
witii the warning word 11511 7,7AY" so placed as to be Basil,., visible
to anyone approaching the shaftway from the interior of the
building.
Part 22
AUT'OUOBIL. TI'_2 '{;:BJILDIIG InLANTS
2201. A permit shall be required for any tire retraadine, or I
rebuilding plant.
2202. Tire retreading shops shall have all floor openings,
such as stair and elevator shafts, enclosed in a standard manner,
and with exposed windows protected by wired glass in metal sash and
frames.
2203. Buffing machines shall be located in a separate room
and used for no other purpose. Each machine shall bu connected to
an ample blower or dust collecting system.
523
2204. -ach room where rubber cam_ nt is used or m'_xed, or
flar:u.able solvents are applied, shall be equipped with an :affective
system of mechanical or neturd ventilation.
2205. Tire retreadin(T shops in building*,s of wooden construc-
tion or in buildings used in whole or in part for human habitation
or in connection with storas shall be suitably cut off by fire
' partitions or fire walls from other portions of the building, and
shall be equipped with an automatic sprinkler system.
:'art 23
T0YOi -`IL '`3 CiiI:IG _a ,T. JILM Y..:?DS
2301. A nerriit shall be obtained from the. Chief of the
Bureau of Fire Prevention for the establishment and maintenanc_- of
and automobile v-Tacking yard or a junk yard, and no such yard shall
be located as to seriously exnosa adjoining or adjacent properties.
2302. 'To autcriobile or any _)art thereof shall be burned for
wrecking* or salvage _-urposes In or on any premises occupied as a
wrecking yard.
2303. At junk yards, where lar;-e quantities of waste, n_a er,
rags and other combustible materials are handled and stored, the
process shall be carried on in F_ building of other than frame
construction. I3ei,ht shall be not over one-story, unless building
is of fireproof construction.
One-story buildings shall be crovided .rith skylights in the
roof as may be required by the Chief of the Lsureaa of Fire Pre-
vention to nrovide adec_uate v ntiletion in case of fire.
Vertical openings shall be croperl enclosed and window
openI.ng,s shall be nrotected b• metal frames and sash glazed with
wired glass.
Pickir:g rooms shall be separated from storage rooms by a fir --
partition or .call. The entrance to such rooms shall be provided
with standard, self-closinr, fire doors All picking rooms shall be
provided with exhaust systemis of sufficient capacity to adegnately
remove dust collections.
very story -re: building shall be completely protected by an
approved system of automatic sprinklers.
Part 24
2401. Sawmills, planing mills and other woodWorkin-- plants
shall be equipped with refuse removal :;esters which will collet
anc remove sawdust and shaving's as produced; or suitable metal or
metal -lined bins, provided with normally closed covers or autorcat-
ically closing covers, shall be installed at or near such mrchin::s,
and shavin??s and sawdust shall be sw3,)t up Tina aeposlted in such
bins at sufficiently frequent intervals as to kaeo the premises
' clean. Blower and exhaust syst3ir.s "nail comnly 'Nita. t}ie `Standards
of the national Board of ,ire Una rWriters for tt:a install tion
of Blower any �xhal_ e s' ns for-st, Stock and Vapor oval.
240c Provisions shr_ll- be irf c- for the remov=l from the
building of slabs and other .,rite niece of wood, either ae produced
or at the close of each working- cay.
2403. T_;e hu-nine* of h . r n s, a.".'d`.zst :r_d r fu` _ material
shall he rermit*ed on17= under o"_ere, in furnaces or in .9roperly
constructed incinerators or r=.fuse burners; provided that th;-se
materiels may be burned in the open if surrounded by a metal or
other wall at least 6 feet high and distant at least 50 feet from
524
gny building. All sta,cr:s shall be provided with suitable spark
arresters. At boiler- or other point~; where sawdust or shavings
are used as fuel a r°.asonry or concrete storage bin, with raised
sill, s".a.11 be provided.
2404. Fice fighting equipment, either chemical extinguishers
or small hose supplied from a suitable water systerL, shall be pro-
vidad near any machine producing shavings or sawdust. '
Part 25
P]'NALTI S FOR VIOLATION
2501. Any and all persons who shall violate any of ttie. pro-
visions of this ordinance or fail to comply therewith, or who shall
violate or fail to comply with any order or regulation made there-
under, or who shall build in violation of any detailed staterient of
specifications or plans submitted and approved thereund_-r, or any
certificate or permit issued thereunder, shall severally for each
and every such violation and noncompliance respectively, forfeit
and nay a penalty not to exceed the sum of twenty-five dollars.
the imposition of one penalty for any violation of this; orcinance
shall not excuse the violation, or perrait it to continue; and all
such persons shall be required to correct or remedy such violations
or defects within a reasonable timr:; and when not otherwise specified,
each ten days that prohibited conditions are maintained shall
constitute a separate offense.
The application of the; above penalty shall not be held to
prevent the enforced removal of prohibited conditions.
'_502. Conflicting Ordinances ii;pealed. All ordinances and
parts of ordinances inconsistent herewith are hereby r;;pealed. '
2503. Date of ,ffect. This ordinance shall tales <;ffect and.
be in force from and after its passage, and legal pi,blication.
Appendix A
.'I 2 . a SSIS"'i'dC =2A` T MS
At several places in this Su--gested Ordinance, r q,irer!ents
for enclosing or saparat_ng partitions are given in terms such as
"partitions having a fire resistance rating of not less than. one
' hour." The 1943 edition of the Riecom= nded Building Code of the
National Board of Fire IInd rwritars give- construction details of
types of partitions having various fire resistance ratings.
Partitions of 2 hours fir, resistance may be built of 8 inch s
of brick; 4 inches of brick plastered on ^oth sid;s; 8-inch concrete
blocks, preferably plastered; 3-inch colid gypsur_ blocks; 3-inch hollow
gypsum blocks, plastered; 8-inch of hollow clay tile, plastered;
5 inch,,s of concrete; and a 84-inch solid partition with motal studs
and unsanded, ,good-fibered gypsum plast.r on metal lath.
One -hour partitions cr;n bo const-l;_cted hollow, usinr_- m--tal
studs v:ith metal lath and 3/4-inch gypsum laster with not over 2
parts sand to 1 nx;rt Frypsum; o_^ of 2 .c 4-i:ich -oc-d studs using
parer -backed metal lath and 7/8-inch gypsc�, ant sand mast r of
standard mix (1 part gypsum to 2 parts sand in scratch coat and 1
part gypsur., to 3 parts sane in brr-.� cr_:nt); or 2 x 4-inch ;:ood
studs using standard porfofates- i" gyp ur, lath and -Lich €y, un ; laster
with not over 2 ,)arts sand to 1 )art gypsum.
Passed by the City G:�uncil and approved by the Mayor this
3rd day of June, 1946.
D. S. Cameron
Mayor
Attest: C. H. Brewer
City Clerk
I, C. H. Brewer, City Clerk of the City of Kalispell, M ntana,
do hereby certify that on the 4th day of June, 1946, I posted
a copy of the foregoing ordinance in my office and the same
remained posted for a period of five days and the foregoing
is a true cony of the ordinance as passed by the City Council.
City Clerk