1. Ordinance 1563 - Zoning Text Amendment - Lighting Standards - 1st ReadingCl*ty of Kalispell
Planning Department
- " Street East., Suite 211, Kalispell, Montana 59901
Telephone: 06) 7fl-18
Fax: (406) 7"51-1858
We , te: kalispellplannM*g.com
REPORT TO: Kalispell Mayor and city Council
FROM: Thomas R. Jentz, Director
xJames H. Patrick, City Manager
SUBJECT Amendments to the Lighting Standards — Kalispell Zoning
Ordinance
FETING E: January 17, 200
BACKGROUND: 'l is is a. request by the City of Kalispell to amend the recently
adopted lighting regulations. These changes are being proposed by the staff as a.
result of working with the regulations over the past couple of months. The proposed
amendments are rather minor or in mature but are intended to address some problem
areas.
The Kalispell Planning Board held a public hearing on the matter at heir regular
meeting of October 11, 2005, a subsequent work session on the matter on October 25,
2005 and finally at the regular meeting of November 8, 2005, the planning board acted
on the amendments to the lighting standards that resulted in some changes and "fine
tuning that would serve to make the ordinance more user friendly and usable. The
substantive changes are as follows:
Amending the full cutoff lens definition so instead of limiting a hg it from shinning
g
at 70 degrees above the horizontal plane, allowing the ma mum to increase to 90
degrees above the horizontal plane. Ihis is because of problems o tw'ning a 70
degree cutoff fixture.
• Amending the maximum height of a light pole from 30 feet in height to 25 feet in
height. This is to compensate for the greater light distribution gamed from a 90
degree full cut off` lens.
Amending the requirement ,for non -conforming commercial hghti .g to allow
replacement of the leas to a full cutoff lens and not the light pole. This is primairily
because of the expense involved in replacing light poles and reconfiguration of the
light distribution pattern.
Other minor changes involve clarification regarding how the light pole height and the
level of light are measured and an exemption for sports and recreation fields is also
being proposed. This matter was presented to the council at a. workshop on November
Amendment to the Lighting Standards
January 10, 2006
Page 2
271 2005 and discussedat length at a council meeting of December er , 2005. The
issue was subsequently tabled until January 17, , Zoo .
workshopwas held on January 3, 2006 at which the council again reviewed the
proposed changes. At the work session the council directed the staff to make two
additional changes dealing with the t r .e frarne for br'nging no -conforrni g lighting
into compliance. ce. The text was simplified to state that commercial lighting would be
required to be brought into compliance (light futures only, not pore height) by January
1, 2009 with. 2 possible one year extensions for hardship; and residential lighting was
required to be brought into compliance by January 1, 2 (fixtures only).
R= ADMNDATI N: A motion to approve the first rear mg of the ordinance for
changes to the lighting standards would be in order.
FISCAL EFFECTS: S: None.
ALTERNATIVES: As suggested by the City Council,
es ectfuRy submitted,
Thomas R. Jentz I James H. Patrick
Director City Manager
Report compiled: : anua r 10, 2006
e: Theresa White, Kalispell City Clerk
ORDINANCE No. 1.563
AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE KALISPELL ZONING ORDINANCE (ORDINANCE NO.
1. f , BY CAA ING. NEW CHAPTER 27.22A, OUTDOOR IGH ING STANDARDS,
DECLARING G N EFFECTIVE DATE, AND AUTHORIZING THE CITY ATTORNEY TO
CODIFY THE SAME.
WHEREASI, on August 1, 2005, the City Council of the City of Kalispell Passed ordinance 1546,,
amending the Kalispell Zoning Ordinance (Ordinance 1 o to incorporate standards for
outdoor lighting that would apply to both conimercial and residential development, and
WHEREAS, the City of Kalispell has submitted a written request to amend Section .2 .10 ,
Outdoor ghting Standards, of the Kaiis ell �or�ir�� �rdi ar�ce, by creating; a new
chapter 27.22A, removing them from the S p le e .tal Regulations, and making minor
cha.naes, and
WHEREAS, the request was forwarded to the Kalispell City Planning Board and Zoning Commission
y the Kalispell Planning epart e .t after having been evaluated -under 27.30.020,
Kalispell Zoning Ordinance, and
WHEREAS, the Kalispell City Planning Board and Zoning Commission recommended that the text of
the Kalispell Zoning rdinan e he amended by adding new Chapter 27.22A, outdoor
Lighting Standards, and making; minor changes, and
WHEREAS,, AS, the City Council has reviewed the KPD Report and the transmittal from the Kali spell City
Planning Board and Zoning Commission and hereby adopts the findings made in Report.
KZTA.-o -7 as the Findings of Fact applicable le to this ordinance.
OW, THEREFORE, BE IT R.. AINT YTHE CITY COUNC THE CITY OF KALISPELL
AS FOLLOWS -
SECTION I. The City of Kalispell Zoning Ordinance Ordinance No. 1460 is hereby
amended as follows on Exhibit "A", attached hereto and thereby made a
part hereof.
SECTION 11. All parts and portions of Ordinance No. 1460 not amended hereby
.remain. Unchanged.
SECTION 111. This Ordinance shall take effect thirty days after its .final passage.
SECTION—.] 7 V. The City Atto .ey is hereby authorized and directed to recodify this
Ordinance,
PASSED AND APPROVED Y THE CITY COUNCIL AND SIGNED BY THE MAYOR of THE
CITY OF KALISPELL THIS 6TH DAY OF FEBRUARY, 2006.
Pa-mea B. Kennedy
ATTEST: Mayor
Theresa White
City Clerk
EXHI]BIT A
OUTDOOR LIGHTING STANDARDS
PURPOSE AND INTENT: Light pollution obscures the night sky, a resource important
to residents and visitors. Light trespass interferes with the quality of life and public
safety of the community. Standards for outdoor lighting are intended to control
artificial light from non -vehicular sources that produce glare light trespass, nuisance
light and or degrade the night sky. These standards are intended to reduce and
eliminate nuisance glare and light trespass from poorly placed., inappropriate,
misaligned or improperly shielded light sources. It is the further intent of these
standards to conserve energy and resources as well as to curtail and reverse the
degradation of the night sky dough the regulation of the type and use of outdoor
lighting while maintaining night-time safety, utility and secure* ty.
APPLICABILITY: BILITY All residential and commercial lighting whether on public or private
property installed in the city bits of Kalispell shall comply with the requirements and
specifications established with these regulations.
STANDARDS:
..All lights shall be shielded and directed in such a way as to direct all light
toward the intended area and away from h reflective suffaccs.
2. Lighting shall be designed, directed and shielded in such a manner that direct
light does not leave the perimeter of the site as limited by these regulations.
3. All outdoor lighting, including the fist .re, pole, and other supporting elements,
shall be designed to complement the overall ar hitectural. appearance of the site
and prevent excessive glare.
The height and level of lighting should be appropriate for the development.
Lights mounted on poles shall not be taller than the building fe
itlocated on tl property or taller than 30 25 feet, whichever is less
(Role hei ht to be calculated from, grade to the to of the ole structure).
Roof illumination is not allowed..
. When practical, timing mechanisms and photo cells shall be used to reduce
light levels and conserve energy during non -operational hours.
7, Lighting mounted on the building should be integrated as an architectural
component and shall meet all re uirements of this ordinance. Nothing...herein
shall be deemed to prohibit the installation of minimum li htin standards
required 12L-the a licable buil.din aid or fire codes.. _ , . .
r
Canopy lighting, such as service station lighting, shall be fully recessed and
shielded to ensure that no light source is visible from or causes glare in the
pudic right of way or adjacent properties. Any canopy structure used at a
business location must have recessed lights with diffusers which do not extend
Page I of 10
below the surface of the canopy.
1 Low voltage landscape lighting will be allowed provided it is directed toward the
object or building and does not leave the perimeter of the site or contribute to
light trespass.
. All pole mounted lighting shall have a full cut-off fixture that does not allow
light to shire above a -!TG 90 degree angle measured from a vertical lire from the
center of the lamp.
1. Mercury vapor lights are prohibited because of the poor color spectrum, light
intensity and inefficient energy use.
12, Low pressure or high pressure sodium lights and metal halide are encouraged
rather than the use of florescent lights.
13, Light fixtures or lamps shall be shielded or shaded in such a manner so that
the light emitting surface is not visible and to direct incident arms away from all
adjacent property.
14. Any light fixture must be placed in such a manner so that no fight emitting
surface is visible from any residential area or public/private roadway, walkway,
trail or other public way when viewed at ground level.
15. The level of lighting shall not exceed 0.3 foot candles at any residential property
line or 0.5 foot candles at any non-residential property line. Measurements
shall be taken from ground level.
6. Floodlights shall have external shielding or shall be directed and angled so that
no light is visible above a 7-0 90 degree angle rx ea.sured from a vertical line from
the center of the lamp and shall not shine onto any adjacent t public right of way
or adjacent property.
17. Any interior lighted signs may not be lit at nigh when any face of the sign is
removed or damaged in such a. way that the light may distract or intrude on
drivers or adjacent properties.
18. Signs that have exterior lighting must be lit from above the sign and the light
shielded except that ground lighting may be used for ground mounted signs
with a solid base. In all cases lighting rust be directed at the surface of the
sign area..
Page 2 of 1
SPECEFIC USES:
Security Lighting for Commercial. and Residential Uses: Security lighting is defined as
lighting designed and used to discourage came and undesirable activity which
includes parking lot lighting.
1. Security lighting should use the lowest possible illummatior to effectively allow
survelllarce.
2. The use of sensor technologies, tiers or other means to activate lighting
during times when it will be needed may he required by the zoning
administrator to conserve energy, provide safety, and promote compatibility
between different land uses.
3. Both commercial and residential security lighting shall be shielded so the light
source is not visible and the light is aimed so that illumination ation is directed to the
designated areas. All .ors -essential exterior commercial lighting is to he turned
off after business Hours.
architectural AccentLighting:
1. Fixtures used to accent architectural features, materials, colors, style of
buildings, landscaping, or art shall be located, aimed and shielded so that hght
is directed only on those features. Such fixtures sh.aU he aimed or shielded to
minimize light spill into the dark night sky in conformance with the l.0 inaire
standards.
2. Lighting ,fixtures shy not generate excessive light levels, cause glare, or direct
light beyond the fara.de onto r eigh on'ng property,, streets or the right sky.
Canopy Lighting and Lighting of Service Stations: In addition to the general standards
previously listed, the following also apply:
1. Fighting of such areas shall not be used to attract attention to the business.
Lighting levels shall he adequate to facilitate the activities taping place in such
locations. In order to TM'nimi, e the extent of direct glare, light fixtures mounted
on canopies shall be recessed so that the lens coven is recessed or flush with
the bottom surface (ceilm*g)of the canopy or shielded by the fixture or the edge
of the canopy so that ll&t is restrained . to 85 degrees or less from vertical.
2. As an alternative or supplement) to .recessed ceiling lights, indirect lighting may
e used where light is beamed upward and then reflected down from the
underside of the canopy. y. When this method is used, light fixtures rust be
shielded so that direct illumination is focused exclusively on the underside of
the canopy.
3. .bights shall. not be mounted on the top or sides (fascias) of the canopy.
Page 3 of 10
Outdoor Sports or Recreation Fields or Performance Areas.
1.. Lighting of outdoor recreational facilities (public or private) , such as, but not
limited to, football fields, soccer fields, baseball fields, softball fields, tennis
courts, special event €w areas � are
exempt from this ordinance Drovided that the lights are to be used only when
the facility is in use.
Flags of the United States or Montana. � sed with either the United
States and Z or Montana fla may be illuminated from below provided such lighting is
focused pn*marily primarilyon the individual flag or flags to limit light trespass and spill into the
dark night sky.
Searchlights. The operation of searchlights for any purpose other than an emergency
r
need is prohibited.
Towers. Lighting on towers is prohibited except as required by regulations of the
Federal Aviation Administration.
PROCEDURE: At the time of site plan approval by the Kalispell Site Development
Review Committee, the appheant must supply a lighting plan in accordance with these
regulations and shall demonstrate conformance with these standards. At a. minimum
the lighting plan shall include:
1. Manufacturer specifications regarding the light fixture, proposed locations,
mounting heights and direction of all exterior lighting.
2. If the building, signa.ge or landscaping is proposed to be ht, relevant drawings
shall be provided showing the type, location and direction of the light fixture.
I if needed, additional information may be required by the site development
review committee in order to demonstrate compliance with these regulations
which may include photometric data of all lighting and other descriptive
information on the fixtures and or a computer generated photometric grid
showing foot candle reading g very 10 Feet within the property or site and ten feet
beyond the property o r d.a.r' es.
NON-CONFORMNG LIGHTING
Lighting for commercial uses including but not limited to parking lot and building
lighting that does not conform to these regulations shall he brought into compliance
with those rovisions relatiniz to full cutoff fixtures and or s �� �
Two one year extensions may be considered by the Kalispell City Council lased upon a
speck hardship and upon written request.
'age 4 of 10
Residential lighting that does not confonn to these regulations shall be brought into
compliance %�t%_Leption �with thoseprovisions reia.tir� to fixtures .res and lar ���. � 7��,��- .� � �.
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DEFINITIONS
Canopy structure: Any overhead protective structure which is constructed in
such a manner as to allow pedestrians vehicles to pass under.
2. Fixture: The assembly that holds a. lamp and may include an assembly housing,
a. mounting bracket or pole socket, a lamp holder, a ballast, a. reflector or
mirror, and a refractor or leas,
3. Foot candle: A. unit of illumination produced on a. surface, all points of which
are one foot from a uniform point source of one candle. rig' ally the measure
of fe amount r t of light er 'tted by a candle onto one square foot of surface one
foot away, foot candles are now the standard unit of measuring ig.bt, A foot
candle is equal to one lumen en per square Feet.
. Full cut off fixture: A fixture, as installed, that are designed or shielded in such
a. manner that all light rays emitted by the fixture, either directly from the
lamps or indirectly from the fixture, are projected below a. horizontal ontal plane
running through the lowest point on the fixture where light is emitted.
. Glare: Direct light err'tted by a. l r. i .aire that cases reduced vision or
momentary bhndness.
. Illuminance: The level of light measured at a. surface.
. Lamp: The component of a l mirraire that produces the light.
. bight direct: Light emitted directly by a larnp, off a reflector, or through
refractor of a. l minarie ,
. Light emitting surface: Any part of a fixture (lamp, diffusor) which emits light
raYS .
10. Light pollution: General sky glow caused by the scattering of artificial light in
the atmosphere, ere, much of which is caused by poorly -designed l mi arie.
11, Light shield: Any attachment which interrupts and blocks the path of light
emitted from a l .r it aire or fixture.
re.
2. Light trespass: Light emitted by a l .rrrinaire that shines beyond the boundaries
of the property on which the l mina.ire is located.
Page 5 of 10
1.3. Lut en: A unit of measurement of luminous flux.
1_ Luminaare: The complete lighting system, including the lamp and the fixture.
15. r nw're full cutoff: A l rrrinaire that allows no direct light emissions above a.
horizontal plar . e through the lumin aire' s lowest light -emitting part.
16. Lurm* naai.r-e permanent outdoor: Any fixed lumina -ire or system of l im es that
is outdoors and this is intended to be used for seven ) days or longer,
17. Lux The international standard unit for measuring light levels as opposed to
Foot Candle in the U. s. A) . It is one lumen per square meter. . (see Lumens and.
Foot Candle).
18. Wattage: the amount of electrical power consumed by a lamp or light fixture
measured in "watts". One watt is equal to the power €dissipated. by I ampere of
electrical current flowing across a resistance of 1. ohm or the power produced. by
1 ampere of electrical current under an electromotive force of I volt. one
horsepower is equal to 746 watts.Formulae: watts = volts x amps, P = V x 1,
electrical power = electromotive force x electric current.
FIGURES AND `ABES: The attached agu_,res and tables are ir�cor prated as
id.e i es for biic M' for a.tio . and enforcing this section.
RE 01 'S 20 EX A LIGHTING AM M N S
Page 6 of 10
Lighting Fixture TYPeS
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Page 7 ofl0
V&u is a True, UI Ciaoff OuW" Lighting Fixes?
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Known .�O "Cutoff' Center "drop'' or T a " lens with or without dosed bulb, prc4ucaa Vic! gkra.
Page 8 of 10
EXAMPLES OF SAME
COMMON LIGHTING FIXTURES
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Page 9 of 1
E X. .. PL E S OF SOME
COMMON LIGHTING FIXTURES
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Page 10 of 10