Ordinance 1563 - Outdoor Lighting StandardsORDINANCE NO. 1563
AN ORDINANCE AMENDING THE KALISPELL ZONING ORDINANCE (ORDINANCE NO.
, BY CREATING NEW CHAPTER ER 2 ! .22A, OUTDOOR LIGHTING ► TANDAR S,
DECLARING AN EFFECTIVE DATE, AND AUTHORIZING THE CITY ATTORNEY N
CODIFY THE SAME.
WHEREAS, on August 1, 2005, the City Council of the City of Kalispell passed Ordinance 1,546,
amending the Kalispell Zoning Ordinance (Ordinance incorporate standards for
outdoor lighting that would apply to both commercial and residential development, and
WHEREAS, the City of Kalispell has submitted a written request to amend Section 27.22.104,
Outdoor Lighting Standards, of the Kalispell Zoning Ordinance, by creating a new
chapter 2 .22A., removing them from the Supplemental Regulations, and making minor
changes, and
WHEREAS, the request was forwarded to the Kalispell City Planning Board and Zoning Commission
y the Kalispell Planning Department after having been evaluated under 27.30.020,
Kalispell Zoning Ordinance, and
WHEREAS, the Kalispell City Planning Board and Zoning Commission recommended that the text of
the Kalispell Zoning Ordinance be amended by adding new Chapter 27. 2A, Outdoor
Lighting Standards, and making minor changes, and
WHEREAS, the City Council has reviewed the KPD Report and the transmittal from the Kalispell City
Planning Board and Zoning Commission and hereby adopts the findings made in Report
#KZTA-05-7 as the Findings of Fact applicable to this Ordinance.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT ORDAINED BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF KALISPELL
ASFOLLOWS:
SECTION I. The City of Kalispell Zoning Ordinance, Ordinance .. 1460, is hereby
amended as follows on Exhibit "'A"'� attached hereto and thereby made
part hereof.
SECTION 11. All parts and portions of Ordinance N. 1460 not amended hereby
remain unchanged.
SECTION III. This Ordinance shall take effect thirty days after its final_ passage.
SECTION IV. The City Attorney is hereby authorized and directed to recdiy this
Ordinance.
PASSED AND APPROVED BY THE CITY COUNCIL AND SIGNED BY THE MAYOR OF THE
CITY OF KALISPELL THIS 6TH DAY OF FEBRUARY .,2.Q.
Pamela B. Kennedy
ATTEST: Mayor
Theresa White
City Clerk
OUTDOOR LIGHTING STANDARDS
PURPOSE AND INTENT: Light pollution obscures the night sky, a resource important
to residents and visitors. Light trespass interferes with the quality of life and public
safety of the community. Standards for outdoor lighting are intended to control
artificial light from non -vehicular sources that produce glare light trespass, nuisance
light and / or degrade the night sky. These standards are intended to reduce and
eliminate nuisance glare and light trespass from poorly placed, inappropriate,
misaligned or improperly shielded light sources. It is the further intent of these
standards to conserve energy and resources as well as to curtail and reverse the
degradation of the night sky through the regulation of the type and use of outdoor
lighting while maintaining night-time safety, utility and security.
APPLICABILITY: All residential and commercial lighting whether on public or private
property installed in the city limits of Kalispell shall comply with the requirements and
specifications established with these regulations.
STANDARDS:
1. All lights shall be shielded and directed in such a way as to direct all light
toward the intended area and away from highly reflective surfaces.
2. Lighting shall be designed, directed and shielded in such a manner that direct
light does not leave the perimeter of the site as limited by these regulations.
3. All outdoor lighting, including the fixture, pole, and other supporting elements,
shall be designed to complement the overall architectural appearance of the site
and prevent excessive glare.
4. The height and level of lighting should be appropriate for the development.
Lights mounted on poles shall not be taller than the building located on the
property or taller than 25 feet, whichever is less (pole height to be calculated
from grade to the top of the pole structure).
5. Roof illumination is not allowed.
6. When practical, timing mechanisms and photo cells shall be used to reduce
light levels and conserve energy during non -operational hours.
7. Lighting mounted on the building should be integrated as an architectural
component and shall meet all requirements of this ordinance. Nothing herein
shall be deemed to prohibit the installation of minimum lighting standards
required by the applicable building and/or fire codes.
8. Canopy lighting, such as service station lighting, shall be fully recessed and
shielded to ensure that no light source is visible from or causes glare in the
public right of way or adjacent properties. Any canopy structure used at a
business location must have recessed lights with diffusers which do not extend
below the surface of the canopy.
Page 1 of 10
9. Low voltage landscape lighting will be allowed provided it is directed toward the
object or building and does not leave the perimeter of the site or contribute to
light trespass.
10. All pole mounted lighting shall have a full cut-off fixture that does not allow
light to shine above a 90 degree angle measured from a vertical line from the
center of the lamp.
11. Mercury vapor lights are prohibited because of the poor color spectrum, light
intensity and inefficient energy use.
12. Low pressure or high pressure sodium lights and metal halide are encouraged
rather than the use of florescent lights.
13. Light fixtures or lamps shall be shielded or shaded in such a manner so that
the light emitting surface is not visible and to direct incident rays away from all
adj acent property.
14. Any light fixture must be placed in such a manner so that no light emitting
surface is visible from any residential area or public/private roadway, walkway,
trail or other public way when viewed at ground level.
15. The level of lighting shall not exceed 0.3 foot candles at any residential property
line or 0.5 foot candles at any non-residential property line. Measurements
shall be taken from ground level.
16. Floodlights shall have external shielding or shall be directed and angled so that
no light is visible above a 90 degree angle measured from a vertical line from
the center of the lamp and shall not shine onto any adjacent public right of way
or adjacent property.
17. Any interior lighted signs may not be lit at night when any face of the sign is
removed or damaged in such a way that the light may distract or intrude on
drivers or adjacent properties.
18. Signs that have exterior lighting must be lit from above the sign and the light
shielded except that ground lighting may be used for ground mounted signs
with a solid base. In all cases lighting must be directed at the surface of the
sign area.
Page 2 of 10
SPECIFIC USES:
Security Lighting for Commercial and Residential Uses: Security lighting is defined as
lighting designed and used to discourage crime and undesirable activity which
includes parking lot lighting.
1. Security lighting should use the lowest possible illumination to effectively allow
surveillance.
2. The use of sensor technologies, timers or other means to activate lighting
during times when it will be needed may be required by the zoning
administrator to conserve energy, provide safety, and promote compatibility
between different land uses.
3. Both commercial and residential security lighting shall be shielded so the light
source is not visible and the light is aimed so that illumination is directed to the
designated areas. All non -essential exterior commercial lighting is to be turned
off after business Hours.
Architectural Accent Lighting:
1. Fixtures used to accent architectural features, materials, colors, style of
buildings, landscaping, or art shall be located, aimed and shielded so that light
is directed only on those features. Such fixtures shall be aimed or shielded to
minimize light spill into the dark night sky in conformance with the luminaire
standards.
2. Lighting fixtures shall not generate excessive light levels, cause glare, or direct
light beyond the fagade onto neighboring property, streets or the night sky.
Canopy Lighting and Lighting of Service Stations: In addition to the general standards
previously listed, the following also apply:
1. Lighting of such areas shall not be used to attract attention to the business.
Lighting levels shall be adequate to facilitate the activities taking place in such
locations. In order to minimize the extent of direct glare, light fixtures mounted
on canopies shall be recessed so that the lens cover is recessed or flush with
the bottom surface (ceiling) of the canopy or shielded by the fixture or the edge
of the canopy so that light is restrained to 85 degrees or less from vertical.
2. As an alternative (or supplement) to recessed ceiling lights, indirect lighting may
be used where light is beamed upward and then reflected down from the
underside of the canopy. When this method is used, light fixtures must be
shielded so that direct illumination is focused exclusively on the underside of
the canopy.
3. Lights shall not be mounted on the top or sides (fascias) of the canopy.
Page 3 of 10
Outdoor Sports or Recreation Fields or Performance Areas.
1. Lighting of outdoor recreational facilities (public or private), such as, but not
limited to, football fields, soccer fields, baseball fields, softball fields, tennis
courts, special event or show areas, are exempt from this ordinance provided
that the lights are to be used only when the facility is in use.
Flags of the United States or Montana, and flags displayed with either the United
States and/or Montana flags, may be illuminated from below provided such lighting is
focused primarily on the individual flag or flags to limit light trespass and spill into the
dark night sky.
Searchlights. The operation of searchlights for any purpose other than an emergency
need is prohibited.
Towers. Lighting on towers is prohibited except as required by regulations of the
Federal Aviation Administration.
PROCEDURE: At the time of site plan approval by the Kalispell Site Development
Review Committee, the applicant must supply a lighting plan in accordance with these
regulations and shall demonstrate conformance with these standards. At a minimum
the lighting plan shall include:
1. Manufacturer specifications regarding the light fixture, proposed locations,
mounting heights and direction of all exterior lighting.
2. If the building, signage or landscaping is proposed to be lit, relevant drawings
shall be provided showing the type, location and direction of the light fixture.
3. If needed, additional information may be required by the site development
review committee in order to demonstrate compliance with these regulations
which may include photometric data of all lighting and other descriptive
information on the fixtures and / or a computer generated photometric grid
showing foot candle reading very 10 feet within the property or site and ten feet
beyond the property boundaries.
NON -CONFORMING LIGHTING
Lighting for commercial uses including but not limited to parking lot and building
lighting that does not conform to these regulations shall be brought into compliance
with those provisions relating to full cutoff fixtures and / or lamps January 1, 2009,
Two one year extensions may be considered by the Kalispell City Council based upon a
specific hardship and upon written request.
Page 4 of 10
Residential lighting that does not conform to these regulations shall be brought into
compliance with those provisions relating to fixtures and lamps by January 1, 2007.
DEFINITIONS
1. Canopy structure: Any overhead protective structure which is constructed in
such a manner as to allow pedestrians/vehicles to pass under.
2. Fixture: The assembly that holds a lamp and may include an assembly housing,
a mounting bracket or pole socket, a lamp holder, a ballast, a reflector or
mirror, and a refractor or lens.
3. Foot candle: A unit of illumination produced on a surface, all points of which
are one foot from a uniform point source of one candle. Originally the measure
of the amount of light emitted by a candle onto one square foot of surface one
foot away, foot candles are now the standard unit of measuring light. A foot
candle is equal to one lumen per square feet.
4. Full cut off fixture: A fixture, as installed, that are designed or shielded in such
a manner that all light rays emitted by the fixture, either directly from the
lamps or indirectly from the fixture, are projected below a horizontal plane
running through the lowest point on the fixture where light is emitted.
S. Glare: Direct light emitted by a luminaire that causes reduced vision or
momentary blindness.
6. Illuminance: The level of light measured at a surface.
7. Lamp: The component of a luminaire that produces the light.
8. Light direct: Light emitted directly by a lamp, off a reflector, or through a
refractor of a luminarie-s.
9. Light emitting surface: Any part of a fixture (lamp, diffusor) which emits light
rays.
10. Light pollution: General sky glow caused by the scattering of artificial light in
the atmosphere, much of which is caused by poorly -designed luminarie.
11. Light shield: Any attachment which interrupts and blocks the path of light
emitted from a luminaire or fixture.
12. Light trespass: Light emitted by a luminaire that shines beyond the boundaries
of the property on which the luminaire is located.
13. Lumen: A unit of measurement of luminous flux.
14. Luminaire : The complete lighting system, including the lamp and the fixture.
Page 5 of 10
15. Luminaire full cutoff: A luminaire that allows no direct light emissions above a
horizontal plane through the luminaire's lowest light -emitting part.
16. Luminaire permanent outdoor: Any fixed luminaire or system of luminaries that
is outdoors and this is intended to be used for seven (7) days or longer.
17. Lux The international standard unit for measuring light levels (as opposed to
Foot Candle in the U.S.A). It is one lumen per square meter. (See Lumens and
Foot Candle).
18. Wattage: the amount of electrical power consumed by a lamp or light fixture
measured in "watts". One watt is equal to the power dissipated by 1 ampere of
electrical current flowing across a resistance of 1 ohm or the power produced by
1 ampere of electrical current under an electromotive force of 1 volt. One
horsepower is equal to 746 watts. Formulae: watts = volts x amps, P = V x I,
electrical power = electromotive force x electric current.
FIGURES AND TABLES: The attached figures and tables are incorporated as
guidelines for public information and enforcing this section.
Page 6 of 10
C
11
i True Pull Cutoff Outdoor Lighting Fixture?
'"4= frc:2'�5; .2,,,.#;+:ice}�1';IR
.:j':M1..a•r
'plat glass lens, e&ftiWtes or njjtimj=s (fimt glare, no upvmd throw of Hgixt. The housiag for
These fmv= am available in many Mies,
T r t y iL i t
Same fzyture as above mounted incoxvictly — defeating the horizontal mountiDg design, The fixture
now oroduees direct Mare, and can also vroduct UDReht at steeper mounting angles.
No
i
Known asiust. "cutoff' center ''drop" or "sag" lens with or without exposed bulb, protium direct glaze,
Page 8 of 10
4
Page 9 of 10
r
r'
:f
ti• .r 1� 1Lt
• r'IiUN �
r�:;•jr.
�{+�'' .14• Ir: _� 'Its' yy r r '}}' ?L
•:r.•Yf1 � L• '• ••�. 5r r•�
' OF SOA
•r
ly-3
ti
c ING
' .11.1�_�' r� , � � }} �ti i f ... • rrti.. _ i . �ti r L �J S - `,rti MTEIM
J• •rfr.4 =i1 :u•', : • ,ram J
A.
'.rti, ��.' '1��:1' 'r• • ti �• ••r ,, :}•�'•, { ti?• }y r
1 S1f •1 L
r 7- •Yr +j�• r r�x1 • I r •}
GOOD
• �r ¢ • _ ,
lit
MdLk
dr
m MIS
IL
'�:•'��r•:•� r• I� �y1.••'r:�'I'
{:•}�h • ••�L ' r �1•'Jli � •� �1{.'. tier•
'i •. IY• •'I�1••' k
y�� �•1' .' k� �' : • rti•r4'�. 1 , • ti .
rl1 I1, 1 ti t- ! 4p T
ip
• � .i ••• 1 f � re
r ..� 1 ti • J } qk r *�
ri •1
ti .. I r r r 1'• r••
1. . tirr.l ti � •
.} r��.1• r: �•1
r 01
M• I I 1
dr
dF do
.L • Jtl
• � r
1
11 h-
ti
�. � 'M1ti :ram 1 • ' r • ..il '•�; " '
''� r ' •'� '1 . �.11ti :r • .. '' . r
a .. 4r
• •r � � ■F
r TI�a
• i r�•1�_ Lk'.rl � r.
1
'1r.1.. •L� • •• •1: if
Jf. r.
7 • •'rti tir l • �'•, ' • r}4t: L . •• 7 `j ti • 1
J I • •�'.rr 1 T. ��?• 1 •
I�S{ { L �y1•' Iti
1
1
r
J4 ' ti rti�� •� .
4 * � ;
I � ti � •Y .
•�' •1 � � • f � � � tirl 1 � 1.�
•1.. I ! � �1 'I rk�
1
ti• I _
• f. r _ 1� r _ ����f 1 I
_ •r�
pd
A
Page 10 of 10