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Stormwater Facility Master Plan City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 Prepared by HDR Engineering, Inc. Morrison Maierle, Inc. 1715 South Reserve Street, Suite C 1228 Whitefish Stage Road Missoula, MT 59801 Kalispell, MT 59901 List of Preparers: Acknowledgements: Mark Franchi, P.E. Ken Salo, P.E. Terry Richmond, P.E. Craig Caprara, P.E. Zane Green, E.I. Jason Larsen Marty Binde Cil Pierce Judy Dean The successful completion of this document was made possible through the cooperation and assistance of the following City of Kalispell Public Works Staff. Jim Hansz, Public Works Director Frank Castles, City Engineer Paul Burnham, Assistant City Engineer Susie Turner, Associate Civil Engineer Terry Loudermilk, Finance Tom Jentz, Planner Contents Table of Contents 1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Basis of Planning ..........................................................................................................................1-1 1.3 Regulations ...................................................................................................................................1-1 1.4 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis..........................................1-2 1.5 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan .....................................................................1-2 1.6 Financial Plan ...............................................................................................................................1-2 2.0 BASIS OF PLANNING ....................................................................................................................2-3 2.1 Study Area ....................................................................................................................................2-3 2.1.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................2-3 2.1.2 Study Area Boundary Development .............................................................................................2-3 2.1.3 Study Area Description.................................................................................................................2-4 2.1.4 Land Use (Existing Conditions)....................................................................................................2-4 2.2 Population and Growth .................................................................................................................2-7 2.2.1 Existing Population and Current Trends.......................................................................................2-7 2.2.2 Future Population Forecast ...........................................................................................................2-8 2.2.3 Comparison to Other Planning Studies....................................................................................... 2-12 2.2.4 Recommended Future Population Projections ............................................................................ 2-13 2.2.5 Land Use (Post-Development).................................................................................................... 2-14 2.3 Storm Water Management and Design Standards......................................................................2-16 2.3.1 Introduction................................................................................................................................. 2-16 2.3.2 Water Quantity (Runoff Control)................................................................................................ 2-17 2.3.2.1 Regional Detention Ponds....................................................................................................... 2-17 2.3.2.2 Closed Basins.......................................................................................................................... 2-17 2.3.2.3 Storm Water Management Ponds............................................................................................ 2-17 2.3.2.4 Existing Natural Drainage Ways............................................................................................. 2-17 2.3.3 Best Management Practices ........................................................................................................ 2-18 2.3.4 Management and Policy Recommendations ............................................................................... 2-18 3.0 REGULATIONS..............................................................................................................................3-1 3.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Local Regulations .........................................................................................................................3-1 3.3 State Regulations ..........................................................................................................................3-1 3.4 MS4 Phase II Permitting...............................................................................................................3-2 4.0 STORM WATER MAJOR CONVEYANCE, DETENTION AND DISCHARGE ANALYSIS .................4-1 4.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................4-1 4.2 System Analysis Methodology .....................................................................................................4-1 4.2.1 Drainage Area ...............................................................................................................................4-1 4.2.2 Curve Number (CN)......................................................................................................................4-2 4.2.3 Time of Concentration (Tc) ..........................................................................................................4-4 4.3 Precipitation – Rainfall Runoff Estimation...................................................................................4-5 4.3.1 Hydrology.....................................................................................................................................4-5 4.3.2 Recurrence Interval for Design of Regional Facilities..................................................................4-6 March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update i Contents 4.4 Storm Water Major Conveyances, Detention and Discharge Analysis ........................................4-7 4.4.1 Storm Water Study Area...............................................................................................................4-7 4.4.2 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge System Analysis..............................4-7 4.4.2a East Whitefish River Study Area .............................................................................................4-7 4.4.2b North Kalispell Study Area .................................................................................................... 4-11 4.4.2c West Stillwater Study Area .................................................................................................... 4-16 4.4.2d West Kalispell Study Area ..................................................................................................... 4-21 4.4.2e East Kalispell Study Area....................................................................................................... 4-26 4.4.2f South Kalispell Study Area........................................................................................................ 4-28 5.0 RECOMMENDATIONS AND CAPITAL IMPROVEMENTS PLAN ....................................................5-1 5.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................5-1 5.2 Capital Improvement Program Prioritization................................................................................5-1 5.3 Capital Improvement Recommendations......................................................................................5-2 5.3.1 Regional Detention Ponds (DP) Facilities:...................................................................................5-2 5.3.2 Detention Pond (DP) and Storm Water Management Pond (SWMP) Facility Design Guidelines:....................................................................................................................................5-3 5.3.3 Regional Facility Volume Management:......................................................................................5-4 5.3.4 Closed Basin (CB) Facilities:........................................................................................................5-5 5.3.5 Conveyance Outlet Pipelines (COP) Facilities .............................................................................5-6 5.3.6 Growth versus Renewal and Replacement Costs..........................................................................5-7 6.0 FINANCIAL PLAN .........................................................................................................................6-1 6.1 Introduction...................................................................................................................................6-1 6.2 Overview of the Financial Planning Process ................................................................................6-1 6.3 Past Financial History...................................................................................................................6-3 6.4 Development of the Financial Plan...............................................................................................6-3 6.5 Potential Funding/Financing Sources ...........................................................................................6-7 6.6 Summary of the Financial Projections ........................................................................................6-11 6.7 Rate Impacts ...............................................................................................................................6-13 6.8 Review of the City’s Storm Water Rates ....................................................................................6-14 6.9 Summary of Storm Water Financial Plan ...................................................................................6-15 APPENDIX A - Regulatory Storm Water Permits APPENDIX B - TR-20 Existing Input and Output Run Data APPENDIX C - TR-20 Post-Developed Input and Output Run Data APPENDIX D - Probable Cost Estimates ii City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 1.0 Executive Summary 1.0 Executive Summary The following report is an update to the 2002 City of Kalispell Water, Sewer and Storm Drainage Systems Facility Plan. The purpose of this report is to expand the area covered by the 2002 Facility Plan to the potential growth area for the next 40 to 50 years (planning year 2050). The 2002 Water, Sewer and Storm Drainage Systems Facility Plan covered the service area bounded by the Flathead River to the east, Rose Crossings to the north, West Spring Creek Rd. to the west and Ashley Meadows to the south. The study area for this facility plan encompasses additional areas north, west and south of that boundary as shown on Figure 2-4. 1.1 Introduction The Storm Water update to the 2002 City of Kalispell Water, Sewer and Storm Drainage Systems Facility Plan analyzed surface water for the study area shown in Figure 2-4. Storm water planning for the study area was divided into six sub-areas including: a) East Whitefish River, b) North Kalispell, c) West Stillwater River, d) West Kalispell, e) East Kalispell and f) South Kalispell as shown on Figure 4.2-1. The study provides quantitative goals and standards for managing surface water runoff in the study area. Design data for 60 drainage basins included basin delineations, drainage areas, and existing natural drainage ways. The quantitative analysis provides approximate pond storage volumes, allowable peak discharge flow rates, and potential regional pond locations. 1.2 Basis of Planning The City of Kalispell is updating the facility plan for its storm water infrastructure. Determination of the existing and post-developed characterization and runoff estimation is dependent on topography, soils, land use, population density, the magnitude and type of commercial and industrial activity in the area. This section describes the basis of planning, which includes background information on existing population, future population estimating, other planning documents, physical characteristics of the study area, and other parameters that influence the storm water infrastructure. 1.3 Regulations This section of the Facility Plan summarizes the local, state and federal, and Phase II storm water regulations and permits that the City of Kalispell has implemented or plans to implement. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 1-1 1.0 Executive Summary 1.4 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis This section of the Facility Plan summarizes the results and findings of the quantitative evaluation of the existing and post-development storm drainage analysis for the study area. The study area includes areas outside of the existing City Limits that are likely to be developed and annexed to the City in the future. The storm drainage evaluation utilized aerial and land use mapping developed by the City of Kalispell to define and characterize drainage basins and provide existing and post developed characterization and runoff estimation. The USDA Small Watershed Hydrology computer model TR-20 was used to provide the hydrologic analyses of each drainage basin watershed under existing and post-development conditions. 1.5 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan This section of the Facility Plan summarizes the Capital Improvements recommended in the City of Kalispell 2007 Storm Water Facility Plan Update. This includes the program prioritization and design guidelines for the regional detention ponds, closed basins, and conveyance outlet pipelines storm water facilities. 1.6 Financial Plan The effective implementation of a comprehensive storm water plan is dependent upon developing a financial plan which can be supported by the utility, will meet State and local regulatory requirements, and provides the flexibility to deal with unforeseen changes. The financial status if the City of Kalispell’s storm water utility was evaluated using a “cash basis” approach. A five-year financial plan was developed to demonstrate the City’s ability to meet its operating and capital improvement needs and evaluate potential rate adjustments that may be necessary to meet those needs. This work effort was not intended to be a comprehensive rate analysis since it does not address the typical rate study issues of cost of service and rate design. The City plans to conduct a comprehensive rate study in the future, which will provide a more detailed rate analysis to support any needed rate adjustments to implement the comprehensive storm water plan. The financial evaluation indicates that storm water rates for the five-year projected time horizon of FY 2009 to FY 2013 will be deficient in meeting the projected O&M, capital, and debt service requirements. Continued analysis and monitoring of capital funding and financing and performing a comprehensive rate analysis will provide the City with the information necessary to determine future rate adjustments. 1-2 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 2.0 Basis of Planning 2.0 Basis of Planning In 2006, the City of Kalispell undertook the task of updating the facility plan for its storm water infrastructure. Determination of the existing and post-developed characterization and runoff estimation is dependent on topography, soils, land use, population density, the magnitude and type of commercial and industrial activity in the area. This section describes the basis of planning, which includes background information on existing population, future population estimating, other planning documents, physical characteristics of the study area, and other parameters that influence the storm water infrastructure. 2.1 Study Area The study area boundary encompasses the general area for which this facility plan investigates in detail; and the study area boundary is synonymous with the planning area, and future build-out area. 2.1.1 Introduction Storm water runoff for the existing and post-developed study area is dependent, in part, by the size and the land use of the study area. The physical characteristics of the area, such as topography, soils, and geographical location, greatly influence the type of land use and in turn the population density as well as commercial and industrial activity within the area. The planning investigation examines the physical characteristics of the study area, population densities, and land use that dictate storm water infrastructure requirements in the future. 2.1.2 Study Area Boundary Development For this facility plan, the City of Kalispell chose to analyze potential growth for the next 40 to 50 years, which the project team selected as the planning year 2050. This time frame was chosen because it allowed reasonable projection of growth trends, and it coincides with the life-cycle of storm water infrastructure. To determine the study area, several meetings were held with staff from the City of Kalispell Public Works and Planning Departments. The 2002 Water, Sewer and Storm Drainage Systems Facility Plan developed a potential future utility service area bounded by the Flathead River to the east, Rose Crossings to the north, West Springcreek Rd. to the west and Ashley Meadows to the south. The study area for this facility plan encompasses additional areas north, west and south of that boundary shown in Figure 2-4 located at the end of this chapter. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 2-3 2.0 Basis of Planning 2.1.3 Study Area Description The area studied in this document is bounded by the Flathead River on the east, includes Glacier Park International airport to the north, and is bounded by Lost Creek Drive to the north, Farm to Market Road on the west, and Buckboard Lane and Valley View Drive on the southwest. The study area boundary continues in the southeasterly direction until reaching Highway 82 which is the southern boundary of the study area, then proceeds north and west until reaching the Flathead River which is the eastern boundary of the study area as shown in Figure 2-4 at the end of this chapter. This Study Area Boundary extends beyond the current Kalispell City limits and does not represent future city limits. It represents the area studied for this report, and the potential area that is likely to experience significant growth in the next 50 years. 2.1.4 Land Use (Existing Conditions) Important physical characteristics for this facility plan update include surface water, wildlife habitat, steep slopes, soil limitations, floodplains, parks and recreational lands, and important agricultural lands. This section provides a brief overview of these characteristics, some of which are also shown on Figure 2-5 Physical Characteristics, located at the end of this chapter. Much of this information is presented in greater detail in the City of Kalispell Growth Policy. Introduction. Kalispell is located at the center of the Upper Flathead Valley, a broad agricultural valley generally surrounded by the foothills and mountains of the Flathead National Forest, Stillwater State Forest and Glacier National Park. The Swan Range to the east rises 4,500 feet above the valley floor and peaks further east along the continental divide reach elevations above 10,000 feet. The elevation of Kalispell is 2,959 feet. The topography and geography of the study area presents certain development constraints due to hydric soils, steep slopes, floodplain and other limitations. Most of the study area consists of nearly level alluvial lands, bottom lands and low terraces. The Flathead, Whitefish, and Stillwater Rivers in the eastern half of the study area are part of a large riparian complex which creates a large floodplain area. The Flathead River just downstream from Kalispell, MT. 2-4 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 2.0 Basis of Planning Surface Water. Significant surface water in the study area includes the Flathead River, Ashley Creek, Spring Creek, the Stillwater River, and the Whitefish River. The Flathead River starts in southeast British Columbia, Canada, and flows south through northwest Montana to Flathead Lake before draining into the Clark Fork River. Its three forks, the North Fork, Middle Fork, and South Fork are designated National Wild and Scenic Rivers. The Flathead River drains into Flathead Lake approximately ten miles southeast of Kalispell. Ashley Creek flows from the Smith Valley into the greater Flathead Valley toward the City of Kalispell, then to the mainstem of the Flathead River about 15 miles upstream from Flathead Lake. The watershed is characterized by heavily timbered mountains in the headwaters and a mixture of farmland and residential dwellings at lower elevations near steams. Given the watershed's proximity to Kalispell, the region's largest city, it is becoming increasingly urbanized. Ashley Creek from Airport Road to Smith Lake is on the Montana Department of Environmental Quality’s (MDEQ) 303(d) list. Spring Creek is a perennial tributary to Ashley Creek. The Stillwater River rises 15 miles south of the border between Montana and Alberta, Canada, west of Glacier National Park in the Kootenai National Forest. It runs mainly south to Duck Lake, then Upper Stillwater Lake, Lagoni Lake and on to Lower Stillwater Lake. It then flows south to Kalispell where it joins the Whitefish River, very near the confluence of that river with the Flathead River. The Whitefish River flows southerly from Whitefish Lake to join the Stillwater River near U.S. Highway 2 east of Kalispell. The river then flows a short distance to Flathead Lake. The Whitefish River, the Stillwater River, and Flathead Lake are 303(d) listed bodies of water1. Wildlife and Important Habitat. The study area supports a variety of wildlife species. Typical riparian/wetland species associated primarily with the Flathead- Stillwater complex include: large mammals such as white-tailed deer, mountain lions, an occasional black bear or moose; small mammals such as beaver, river Ashley Creek 1 DEQ is required to develop Total Maximum Daily Loads (TMDL) for all water bodies on the 303(d) list. A TMDL is the total amount of a pollutant that a water body may receive from all sources without exceeding water quality standards. A TMDL can also be defined as a reduction in pollutant loading that results in meeting water quality standards. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 2-5 2.0 Basis of Planning otter, mink, muskrat, raccoons; resident or migrant water birds such as great blue herons, tundra swans, killdeer, spotted sandpipers; nesting and migratory waterfowl such as wood ducks, mallards, common mergansers, common golden eyes, Canada geese; woodland bird species such as pileated woodpeckers, great- horned owls, saw whet owls, osprey, bald eagles, a variety of migratory and resident songbirds, rubber boas, garter snakes, painted turtles, long-toed salamanders, spotted frogs, and western toads. The Flathead River mainstem, Stillwater River, Whitefish River, Ashley Creek and Foy Lake(s) and their associated backwater channels, spring creeks, wetlands and tributaries provide very important wildlife habitats. The riparian and wetland habitats along these major waterways, particularly those which still support intact natural stands of forest and shrubby vegetation or marshes, are critical to retaining a variety of wildlife within the study area. Parks and Recreational Lands. The Kalispell Growth Policy defines several different types of parks, and described them as part of a larger open space system. Table 2-1 provides an inventory of the City, County and State parks in the growth policy area, along with their size. Table 2-1: City Parks City Park Acres Woodland Park 38.5 Lawrence Park 56.0 Courthouse Park 1.26 Depot Park 2.5 Gallagher Park 2.0 Greenbriar Park 1.45 Hawthorne Park 2.39 Lions Park 10.0 Meridian Park 3.3 Northridge 7.15 Parkview Terrace 0.3 Sunset Park 4.55 Thompson Field 2.0 Washington Street Park 1.0 Buffalo Head Park 0.8 Dry Bridge Park 25.0 Begg Park 8.21 Laker and Archie Roe 4.27 Eagle Park 0.25 Heritage Park 2.0 Grandview Drive Park 4.49 Tennis Court Complex 0.2 Central School 0.25 Helen O’Neil 0.25 Youth Athletic Field 134 Total Acres 312.12 Woodland Park, Kalispell 2-6 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 2.0 Basis of Planning City Park Acres Source: City of Kalispell Growth Policy, Appendix A, 2003. 2.2 Population and Growth The main factors effecting storm water runoff are population, density, and growth trends. Several sources of information were used to establish current population, and potential population growth trends. These sources include the 2000 U.S. Census, City of Kalispell Planning Department reports, developer interest and plats recently filed with Flathead County, septic system and building permits, and growth trends since the last facility plan (2002). Figure 2-6 Population, located at the end of this chapter, shows the existing population (2005), future population (2025), and the theoretical build out population (2050). 2.2.1 Existing Population and Current Trends The population of Kalispell, the surrounding area, and much of Flathead County has been steadily growing over the past several decades. To determine the current population, the planning area boundary was examined in conjunction with the census block group data from the 2000 Census. The census block group data within the planning area boundary was extracted, and the 2000 U.S. Census reports that there are 32,044 people within the planning area boundary. Population Growth between 2000 and 2005. Between 2000 and 2005, 3,388 lots were platted within the study area boundary, according to Flathead County subdivision information. Of these lots platted, there are almost no vacancies within Kalispell City limits (according to the Kalispell Planning Department), so all of these lots were considered occupied. However, there is a high vacancy rate within the County, so to determine which plats were occupied and which ones were not, water well and septic system permits were identified. If a lot has been platted and had a development related permit, it was considered occupied. Of the 3,388 lots platted, 2,895 are within the study area boundary and considered occupied for planning purposes. In addition, the City of Kalispell Residential Construction, Land Subdivision, and Annexation Report, January 2006 states that 2,644 new lots were created between 2000 and 2005. This 251 lot difference is likely because all subdivisions within the planning area boundary were not approved by the City of Kalispell, but were approved by Flathead County. In 2005, there were an estimated 39,282 people living within the defined study area boundary. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 2-7 2.0 Basis of Planning According to the Kalispell planning office there are an estimated 2.5 persons per household2 in new residential development in the Kalispell area. Therefore, between 2000 and 2005 the population within the planning area boundary increased by 7,237 people3 (approximately 4.2% per year), for a total existing population of 39,282 within the study area boundary. Table 2-2 summarizes population growth data for the State of Montana, Flathead County, and the City of Kalispell. Table 2.2-1: Population Summary Montana 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 Total Population 674,767 694,409 786,690 799,065 902,195 935,670 Change 19,642 92,281 12,375 103,130 33,475 Percent Change 2.9% 13.29% 1.57% 12.91% 3.71% Flathead County, Montana 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 Total Population 32,965 39,460 51,966 59,218 74,471 83,480 Change 6,495 12,506 7,252 15,253 9,009 Percent Change 19.7% 31.7% 14.0% 25.8% 11.7% City of Kalispell, Montana 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2005 Total Population 10,151 10,526 10,648 11,917 14,223 18,480 Change 375 122 1,269 2,306 4,257 Percent Change 3.6% 1.1% 10.6% 16.2% 29.9% Source: Annual Estimates of the Population for Incorporated Places in Montana, by County: April 1, 2000 to July 1, 2005 Sources: Table 16, 1990 CPH-2-1; Table 25, 1990 CPH-2-1; and Table 13, 1980 PC80-1-1 2.2.2 Future Population Forecast Reasonable future population projections are important in the analysis of future storm water infrastructure needs and the impacts to City infrastructure. Several analysis methods were used to project future population, and these were compared and contrasted with available planning documents. No method is exact and all have limited reliability and must be tempered by knowledge of the area, its industry, employment potential, economic conditions, trade area, and state of development. This section describes that process and provides recommended future population projections. Introduction. The population trend shows increasing growth percentages for the City of Kalispell. For this facility planning effort, population estimates are made through year 2050. 2 According to the U.S. Census, there are 2.2 persons per household, on average. However, after discussions with City of Kalispell planning and public works staff, it was determined that the average household size in the City of Kalispell is closer to 2.5 persons per household. 3 2,895 lots multiplied by 2.5 persons per household is equal to 7,237.5 people. 2-8 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 2.0 Basis of Planning Meetings. During meetings with the City of Kalispell Planning and Public Works Departments, housing densities and population estimates were made for areas within the planning boundary. These estimates were based on existing density, types of development, land use, and zoning. According to these estimates, the ‘theoretical build-out’ would include 70,177 new units or 154,386 people within the study area boundary and generally outside of the City limits. Similarly, theoretical build out within the current Kalispell City limits would include the lots currently platted, land in Section 36, and about 1,000 other anticipated connections. This totals 4,217 units and about 10,543 additional people for a total of 29,614 people within current city limits. In 2005, there were an estimated 8,200 people in the Evergreen Water District. If the Evergreen Water and Sewer District population grows to the approximate maximum possible, based on the current interlocal agreement with the City of Kalispell and per capital flow and loading calculated for Evergreen, the population would be 10,164, thus adding approximately 1,964 people to the existing 8,200 people. Therefore, according to the information gathered during agency meetings, the maximum theoretical build out population is estimated at about 194,164 people within the study area, as shown in Table 2.2-2. Table 2-3: Theoretical Build Out Population Theoretical Build Out Population City of Kalispell 29,614 Evergreen 10,164 Study Area (outside Evergreen and City of Kalispell) 154,386 Total 194,164 The theoretical build out would occur if all available land was built upon according to likely densities. The theoretical build out does not consider political or ownership limitations that may exist or be placed on properties in the subject area; therefore, estimated future population should not exceed this theoretical build out. Demographic and Population Growth Theories. Data over the last 5 to 10 years shows significant growth in Kalispell, and all of western Montana. However, it should be noted that there are theories predicting slowed population growth after 2030 or so due to demographic trends including the ‘baby boomer’ generation. The ‘baby boomer’ generation is considered those 70-80 million Americans born between 1946 and 1964, and are currently starting to retire or enter second careers. Places like Kalispell, with a high quality of life and generally low cost of living appear to be favorable locations for this generation. The following figure March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 2-9 2.0 Basis of Planning shows a 228% increase in the population of people aged 65 and older in Flathead County between 2000 and 2030; compared with the total population increasing by 71% (according to the State of Montana Census and Economic Information Center http://ceic.mt.gov/PopProjections.asp). This large flux in population may be followed by a slowing of population growth as the ‘baby boomer’ generation passes on. Figure 2-1 Montana Population Projections for 2030 Regression Analysis. Regression analysis was performed using the historical Kalispell population growth data (1960 through 2000). Various regression lines were drawn, including linear, exponential, power, and logarithmic4. R2 values 4 Linear regression involves fitting a straight line into a data set to determine future outcomes (i.e. y = mx + b). Exponential regression is fitting a line to a set of data where the growth is proportional to its size. Power growth attempts to fit a line to a set of data that is closely tied to a power function (i.e. y = mx2). Logarithmic is a mathematical term for the ratio of values expressed by the base 10 or e. If the base is 10, the logarithm is called common. If the base is e, the logarithm is called natural. 2-10 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 2.0 Basis of Planning were calculated for each of those regression lines to determine which line corresponded best to the data, or which type of regression line formed the ‘best fit’ for historic growth data. The exponential growth line had the highest R2 value at 0.855. This type of regression lines was applied to the percentage growth analysis described below. Percentage Growth per Year. Another future population estimate was made by assigning percentage growth rates per year to the existing population. Table 2.2-3 shows Kalispell Planning Area population estimates for 1.3%, 2%, 3%, and 4% per year; these are also represented on Figure 2-6 Population Growth in the Study Area by Percentage Estimates. (1.3% was included because this is the estimated growth rate presented in the Kalispell Growth Policy.) Regression lines, or ‘best fit’ lines, were drawn for each percent growth. According to data from 1960 through 2005, 1.3% growth was the ‘best fit’; however, the 4% growth rate was the best fit for growth from 2000 to 2005. Table 2.2-3: Population Growth by Percentage within the Study Area Boundary Year 1.3% growth per year 2% growth per year 3% growth per year 4% growth per year 2005 39282 39282 39282 39282 2010 41903 43371 45539 47793 2020 47680 52868 61200 70745 2025 50861 58371 70948 86072 2030 54254 64446 82248 104719 2035 57873 71154 95348 127407 2040 61734 78560 110534 155010 2050 70246 95764 148549 229453 Note: As stated above, these numbers do not include the Evergreen Water District. 5 R2 denotes the fraction of the total squared error that is explained by the model. Thus values approaching one are desirable, and represent a “goodness of fit.” March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 2-11 2.0 Basis of Planning 0 50000 100000 150000 200000 250000 2010 2020 2030 2040 2050 Year Po p u l a t i o n 1.30% 2% 3% 4% Figure 2-2 Population Growth in the Study Area by Percentage Estimates 2.2.3 Comparison to Other Planning Studies Kalispell Growth Policy 2003. The City’s growth policy is a planning document that is comprehensive, general, and long-range and provides guidance for land use, growth and development, subdivisions, and environmental policy. The growth policy identified Kalispell as a ‘growth area’, and includes the following statement, “the average annual growth rate of the growth policy area population was 1.7 percent in the 1960’s, 3.7 percent in the 1970’s, 1.8 percent in the 1980’s, and 1.6 percent per year from 1990 to 2000.” The growth policy discusses population projections stating that the “four percent annual growth rate of the growth policy area in the early 1990’s has declined, indicating the continuation of a cyclical growth pattern. Population growth over the next 20 years is projected to slow to an average annual rate of 1.3 percent by the year 2020, based on arithmetic regression analysis of population changes since 1960. Based on these assumptions, the population of Kalispell can be anticipated to increase approximately 27.8 percent over the next 20 years. Unforeseen future events, economic cycles, and large-scale annexations can create wide variations in these numbers.” Flathead County Growth Plan estimates 111,740 people in the County by 2005, or 1.5% per year. However, since 1960 the County has grown 2.1% per year on average. If this rate continues, there will be 127,270 people in the County by 2025. 2-12 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 2.0 Basis of Planning Flathead County Growth Plan 2006. The County’s growth plan was recently revised, and will likely be adopted by the end of 2006. With regard to population, the growth plan discusses historic population trends along with demographics, and future population projections. Since 2000 Flathead County’s population has increased at a relatively constant rate of approximately 2% per year. Between 2000 and 2005 the US Census estimates a population increase from 74,471 to 83,172 people, representing roughly a 12% increase over the first five years of the decade. This growth rate is consistent with the growth experienced between 1990 and 2000. The growth plan estimates 2025 population at 111,740; this equates to about 1.5% growth per year. However, since 1960 Flathead County has grown an average of 2.1% per year. If this growth patterns continues to 2025, there will be 127,270 people living in the county (HDRa, 2006). This is consistent with the assumption that future growth will occur more aggressively near existing cities and city services and utilities, and less aggressively in other areas of the county. For example in 2005, there were an estimated 23,216 people living outside the major cities, towns, and study areas for major cities, or 28%. If this growth patterns continues to 2025, there will be 127,270 people living in the county. If historic growth rates (2.1% since 1960) continue, this could result in 21,195 people living outside cities and towns in 2025 or about 17%. Transportation Planning Study 2006. The Kalispell Area Transportation Plan (2006 Update) evaluated low, moderate, and high growth scenarios for Flathead County. The moderate Growth scenario was selected as most likely to occur, based on past trends and what has happened in other Montana community’s over the past thirty years. The Transportation Plan Study Area Boundary closely resembles this Utility Plan’s Study Area with only a few minor differences. The Transportation plan predicts a Study Area 2030 population of 79,273 whereas this Utility Plan predicts a 2030 population of 82,248. These population projections match very closely, given the differences in Study Area Boundaries, it is reasonable to say the Kalispell Area Transportation Plan (2006 Update) supports the findings of the Kalispell Utility Plan Update with regard to population growth. 2.2.4 Recommended Future Population Projections After reviewing data gathered during meetings with City of Kalispell public works and planning staff, analytical methods, and planning documents; the following conclusions were made. • Depending upon the analysis method, 2050 population estimates ranged from 70,246 (growth at 1.3% per year) to 229,453 (growth at 4% per year). March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 2-13 2.0 Basis of Planning • According to City staff knowledge including future development projects, zoning, land use, and probable population densities; theoretical build out population is estimated at 194,164 (or approximately 3.5% growth per year).6 • The project team chose to use a growth rate of 3% per year. This corresponds closely with the city staff estimates for theoretical build out, is lower than the aggressive 4.2% seen over the past 5 years, and it is higher than historic growth rates of 1.3% per year (which are considered unrealistically low for future conditions). In addition, analysis shows that higher growth rates will likely be seen for the next 15-20 years (until about 2025 to 2030), then may slow down according to demographic trends. In 2050 there will be an estimated 148,549 people living within the defined study area boundary. This corresponds to a growth rate of 3% per year. • Therefore, for the purpose of this facility plan, there will be an estimated 70,948, 95,345, and 148,549 people living within the study area by 2025, 2035, and 2050, respectively. These estimates will be used in utility system analysis and capital improvements planning. 2.2.5 Land Use (Post-Development) The post-development land use projections for the hydraulic analysis were based the 2035 population projections described in Section 2.2.2 and the City of Kalispell residential zoning classifications. Four population ranges were used included; Range 1 (0 – 450 people), Range 2 (451-1,850 people), Range 3 (1,851-2,650 people) and Rang 4 (2,651 – 4,150 people). A correlation to the Kalispell Residential Zoning was established based on the descriptions of the districts from the Kalispell Zoning Ordinance7. The population land use map as shown in Figure 2.3 was used for the post-developed hydraulic analysis included in Section 4 of this report. 6 The theoretical build out would occur if all available land was built upon according to likely densities. This theoretical build out does not consider political or ownership limitations that may exist or be placed on properties in the subject area; therefore, estimated future population should not exceed the theoretical build out. 7 City of Kalispell Zoning Ordinance No. 1460, Kalispell Planning Department, November 2006. 2-14 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 2.0 Basis of Planning Table 2.2-4: Post-Development Land Use and Population Correlation Kalispell Residential Zoning Kalispell Zoning Use District Lot Size (acre, ft2) Impervious (%) Population Range R-1 Suburban Residential 1.0, 43,560 35 0 - 450 R-2 Single-Family Residential 0.22, 9,600 35 451 – 1,850 R-3 Urban Single-Family Residential 0.16, 7,000 40 1,851 – 2,650 R-4 Two-Family Residential 0.14, 6,000 45 2,651 – 4,150 March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 2-15 2.0 Basis of Planning Figure 2.3 2035 Population Land Use Map 2.3 Storm Water Management and Design Standards 2.3.1 Introduction Since the study area of this report is outside the Kalispell City Limits, the effective storm water management ordinance and design standards would need to be amended to include the study area of this report located in Flathead County. This would require a 2-16 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 2.0 Basis of Planning cooperative approach with Flathead County to accept and adopt the storm water management and design standards and develop an agreement with Flathead County for the areas outside of the existing City Limits that are likely to be developed and potentially annexed to the City in the future. 2.3.2 Water Quantity (Runoff Control) 2.3.2.1 Regional Detention Ponds Where possible, regional detention ponds (DP) would be located along a major storm water conveyances and the outlet of the pond would discharge to the conveyance. For storage calculations, the 100-year, 24-hour storm would be used. The storm water detention pond would be sized to store the difference between the existing and post- development 100-year, 24-hour volume. A low-level outlet structure would be provided with a discharge rate no greater than the respective 2-, 10-, 50-, and 100-year peak discharge rates for existing conditions. An overflow spillway or structure would be provided to release the 100-year, 24-hour peak discharge rate for the post-development condition. Fencing around the perimeter of the ponds may be required for public safety at some of the sites. 2.3.2.2 Closed Basins Closed basins (CB) are drainage basins that do not have an outlet. Closed basins would drain to a retention pond. Since there would not be an outlet a drainage easement would be required to provide for the retention pond areas. Closed basins could serve as enhanced or future wetlands to mitigate existing wetland impacts and they could also provide storm water treatment from future developments in the drainage basin. Fencing around the perimeter of the basin may be required for public safety at some of the sites. 2.3.2.3 Storm Water Management Ponds Some drainage basins located along the rivers and creeks have a general sheet flow runoff pattern towards the river or creek. Regional detention ponds are not feasible for these drainage basins due to the topography of the basin and lack of a point discharge. Therefore, site-specific storm water management ponds (SWMP) would be used in these areas to control the 100-year runoff and would need to be incorporated into the design of future developments. Fencing around the perimeter of the ponds may be required for public safety at some of the sites. 2.3.2.4 Existing Natural Drainage Ways Natural drainage ways exist throughout the study area. These drainage ways are the low point of the drainage basins and storm water is naturally conveyed along their natural alignment. The preservation of these drainage ways would be needed for the March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 2-17 2.0 Basis of Planning 2-18 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 management and control of storm water runoff. The City of Kalispell has indicated that the preservation of these drainage ways would be completed through the planning and permitting requirements of future developments in the drainage basin. 2.3.3 Best Management Practices It is recommended that the City develop a policy to address storm water quality and target best management practices (BMP’s) to reduce the discharge of pollutants to local surface waters. The pollutants of primary concern for local surface waters are sediment and nutrients. Best management practices designed to reduce sediment and nutrients should be required for construction site erosion and sedimentation control and included in new development plans for post construction runoff. This approach to managing water quality impacts from storm water discharges would be consistent with the requirement of the EPA Phase II Storm Water Regulations. Water quality design criteria for sizing best management practices for reducing pollutant loadings are focused on smaller, more frequent rainfall/runoff events than the hydraulic design criteria for the Facility Plan Update discussed earlier which is intended to prevent urban flooding. Water quality based design criteria are intended for sizing of BMP’s to capture and treat a portion of the runoff generated from a design storm of specified frequency and duration. Typical water quality design criteria are to capture the first 0.33- inch to 1-inch of storm water runoff and route it to water quality BMP’s for treatment. 2.3.4 Management and Policy Recommendations Whenever new development occurs, storm water management requirements should be required as part of the design. These measures would restrict runoff from new developments to the existing (historic) level for all recurrence intervals, from the 2-year to the 100-year, in order to avoid overloading existing facilities or create storm water flooding on downstream properties. It is suggested that the City of Kalispell and Flathead County consider restricting runoff from new developments to the historic level for all recurrence intervals, from the 2-year to the 100-year, in order to avoid further overloading of existing facilities. Church Dr. Stillwater Rd. Farm to Market Rd. Whitefish Stage Rd. Trumble Creek Rd. Birch Grove Rd. West Valley Dr. Rose Crossing W. Reserve Dr.W. Springcreek Dr. Cemetary Rd. West Valley Dr. W. Springcreek Dr. West Valley Dr. West Valley Dr. W. Reserve Dr. Foy's Lake Lore Lake Middle Foy Lake Lower Foy Lake Stillwater River Flathead River Ashley Creek Whitefish River x F la t h e a d Ri v e r Flathead River Flathead River Stillwater River F l a t h e a d Riv e r F l a t h e a d Ri v e r US2 US93 MT35 MT82 Evergreen Sewer District Legend Study Area Boundary Kalispell City Limits 0 1 20.5 Miles F i g u r e 2 -4 S t u d y A r e aFigure 2 -4 S t u d y A r e a City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update City of Kalispell City of Kalispell 1 inch equals 6,000 feet Church Dr. Stillwater Rd. Farm to Market Rd. Whitefish Stage Rd. Trumble Creek Rd. Birch Grove Rd. West Valley Dr. Rose Crossing W. Reserve Dr.W. Springcreek Dr. Cemetary Rd. West Valley Dr. W. Springcreek Dr. West Valley Dr. West Valley Dr. W. Reserve Dr. Foy's Lake Lore Lake Middle Foy Lake Lower Foy Lake Stillwater River Fla t h e a d Ri v e r Ashley Creek Whitefish River x Flathead River Flathead River Flathead River Stillwater River Flathead River Legend Stream National Forest Lake Wetland Floodplain Road Airport Evergreen Sewer Kalispell City Limits 0 1 20.5 Miles F i g u r e 2 -5Figure 2 -5 P h y s i c a l C h a r a c t e r i s t i c sPhysical C h a r a c t e r i s t i c s City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update City of Kalispell City of Kalispell 1 inch equals 6,000 feet East Whitefish RiverExisting Population: 8209 Theoretical Build-OutPopulation: 40000 2035 Population: 8224 West Kalispell Existing Population: 3382 Theoretical Build-OutPopulation: 41686 2035 Population: 19938 North KalispellExisting Population: 3647 Theoretical Build-OutPopulation: 21700 2035 Population: 16907 South Kalispell Existing Population: 2513 Theoretical Build-OutPopulation: 16000 2035 Population: 6474 West Stillwater River Existing Population: 1048 Theoretical Build-OutPopulation: 29000 2035 Population: 10084 East Kalispell Existing Population: 2003 Theoretical Build-OutPopulation: 6000 2035 Population: 4107 Existing Population: 0 Theoretical Build-OutPopulation: 0 2035 Population: 0 Foy's Lake Lore Lake Middle Foy Lake Lower Foy Lake US2 US93 MT35 MT82 Church Dr. Stillwater Rd.Farm to Market Rd. Whitefish Stage Rd. Trumble Creek Rd. Birch Grove Rd. West Valley Dr. Rose Crossing W. Reserve Dr. W. Springcreek Dr. Cemetary Rd. W. Springcreek Dr. West Valley Dr. West Valley Dr. W. Reserve Dr. Stillwater River Fla t h e a d Riv e r Ashley Creek W hitef ish R ive r x Flathead River Flathead River Flathead River S till w a t e r R i v e r Flathead River CITY OF KALISPELL Existing Population: 14223 Theoretical Build-Out Population: 29614 2035 Population: 29614 Legend Kalispell City Limits Highway 93 Bypass Streams Lake Analysis Zones East Kalispell East Whitefish River North Kalispell South Kalispell West Kalispell West Stillwater River 0 1 20.5 Miles F i g u r e 2 -6Figure 2 -6 P o p u l a t i o n G r o w t hPopulation G r o w t h City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update City of Kalispell Note: Existing population corresponds to Year 2000. 1 inch equals 6,000 feet 3.0 Regulations 3.0 Regulations 3.1 Introduction This section of the Facility Plan summarizes the local, state and federal, and Phase II storm water regulations and permits that the City of Kalispell has or plans to implement. 3.2 Local Regulations The City of Kalispell Ordinance No. 1600, Storm Water Discharges Resulting from Construction and Land Disturbance Activities was approved by City Council in April 2007 and became active on May 2, 2007. This ordinance requires a Storm Water Management Permit be obtained from the City of Kalispell Public Works Department by a responsible party engaging in any land disturbing activity, or for any construction activity in the City of Kalispell. This permit is in addition to the Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) General Permit for Discharges Associated with Construction Activities. Both permits are required for land disturbance equal to or greater than one acre. If the land disturbing activity is less than one acre then it is not required to comply with MPDES general permit number MTR100000, but it shall prepare and submit a Storm Water Management Plan, for review and approval by the City of Kalispell Public Works Department in accordance with Ordinance No. 1600. Ordinance No. 1600 is included in Appendix A of the Storm Water Facility Plan Update. 3.3 State Regulations Montana Department of Environmental Quality (DEQ) requires a General Permit for Discharges Associated with Construction Activities, Permit No. MTR100000. This Montana Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (MPDES) permit is required for all projects or activities which meet the definition of “storm water discharge associated with construction activity” as defined in Part VI of the permit. Owners or operators of construction activities or sites that may discharge storm water to state surface waters must submit a complete Notice of Intent (NOI) package and annual fees to the DEQ at the following address: Department of Environmental Quality Water Protection Bureau P.O. Box 200901 Helena, MT 59620-0901 March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 3-1 3.0 Regulations 3.4 MS4 Phase II Permitting The City of Kalispell is listed as a governmental entity located in an urbanized area (UA) having a population of at least 10,000 and a population density of at least 1,000 people per square mile. The National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permitting authority is the Montana Department of Environmental Quality Water Protection Bureau (DEQ). DEQ has developed a set of designation criteria for municipal separate storm sewer systems (MS4s) and is applying them to all MS4 listed entities. The permitting authority is required to evaluate such entities but is not required to designate them into the program unless they meet the designation criteria. The City of Kalispell has been designated as an entity that must comply with the Montana Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (MPDES) MS4 Storm Water Regulations. DEQ has developed designation criteria and permitting rules for the Phase II Storm Water Program in Montana. Typical designation criteria include: • Discharge to sensitive waters • High population density • High growth or growth potential • Contiguity to an urbanized area (UA) • Significant contributor of pollutants to waters of the United States • Ineffective protection of water quality concerns by other programs The City of Kalispell and Montana Department of Transportation (MDT) has complied with the permit by submitting a co-application in February 2006 and was issued a NPDES General Permit number MTR040005 on July 2006. The next step is for the city to develop, implement and enforce a Storm Water Management Program (SWMP) to reduce the discharge of pollutants to the maximum extent possible. Included in the program would best management practices (BMP’s) for each of the six minimum control measures which include: 1. Public education and outreach on storm water impacts. 2. Public participation/involvement to the program. 3. Illicit discharge detection and elimination of the storm water system. 4. Construction site storm water runoff control. 5. Post-construction storm water management in new development or redevelopment sites. 6. Pollution prevention/good housekeeping for municipal operations including staff training on pollution prevention measures and techniques. 3-2 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 3.0 Regulations March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 3-3 The City of Kalispell and MDT are developing the Storm Water Management Program, involving six minimum control measures to control pollutants in storm water to the maximum extent practical. The co-application submitted by the City of Kalispell and MDT for the MPDES General Permit and General Permit number MTR040005 are included in the Appendix of the Storm Water Facility Plan Update. 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis 4.1 Introduction This section of the Facility Plan summarizes the results and findings of the evaluation of the existing and post-development storm drainage analysis for the study area. The study area includes areas outside of the existing City Limits that are likely to be developed and annexed to the City in the future. The storm drainage evaluation utilized aerial and land use mapping developed by the City of Kalispell to define and characterize drainage basins and provide existing and post developed characterization and runoff estimation. Planning level recommendations for backbone infrastructure is provided for the study area. 4.2 System Analysis Methodology The USDA Small Watershed Hydrology model TR-20 was used for the conceptual modeling of the storm water runoff. The TR-20 computer program was used to provide the hydrologic analyses of each watershed under existing and post-development conditions. The TR-20 program was designed by the USDA Natural Resource Conservation Service (NRCS) and is a hydrologic model that is based on a storm event applied to a watershed. It can be used to analyze multiple storm events and to assist in the hydrologic evaluation of flood events. The TR-20 model was used versus the manual TR-55 model because TR-20 offers more capabilities as development occurs within the project study area and the hydraulic input parameters change. TR-20 incorporates all of the TR-55 Urban Hydrology for Small Watersheds methodology. The hydrologic input parameters for each drainage basin included the drainage area (Area), curve number (CN) and time of concentration (Tc). The output consists of peaks discharge rate in cubic feet per second (cfs) and the runoff depth for each drainage basin in inches. Runoff volumes for each catchment drainage basin were calculated by multiplying the runoff depth in feet by the drainage area in acres to obtain storm water runoff volume for the basin in acre-feet. 4.2.1 Drainage Area The drainage area (Area) for each catchment drainage basin was determined using ArcHydro GIS mapping of the updated land use and topographic mapping from the City of Kalispell and USGS quadrangle mapping of the study area. The total drainage area that contributes storm water runoff to the study area boundary is approximately 63 square March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-1 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis miles. The study area was divided into six sub-areas including: a) East Whitefish River, b) North Kalispell, c) West Stillwater River, d) West Kalispell, e) East Kalispell and f) South Kalispell as shown in Figure 4.2-1. A total of 60 catchment drainage basins were developed for the study area and are shown in Figure 4.2-2. 4.2.2 Curve Number (CN) The curve number is a measure of the expected infiltration rate for a specific hydrologic soils group and land use. Urbanization typically increases the CN value and increases both the peak rate of runoff and volume of runoff. The curve number (CN) for each basin was based on the hydrologic soil group (HSG), land use or cover type/treatment, hydrologic conditions, and antecedent runoff condition (ARC). The curve number for each basin was determined by the spatial weighted average of the land use mapping for both existing and post-development conditions. CN values for the existing land uses were based on weighted average of the CN shown in Table 4.2-1. CN values for the post-development land uses were based on the weighted average of the CN shown in Table 4.2-2. The CN for existing and post-development land use are shown in Figures 4.2-3 and 4.2-4, respectively. The Hydrologic Soils Groups are shown in Figure 4.2-5 and the individual soils groups from the NRCS Soils Study8 are shown on Figure 4.2-6. 8 Natural Resources Conservation Service, USDA, MT651 Soils Survey of Sanders and Parts of Lincoln and Flathead Counties, Montana, 1996. 4-2 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.2-1: Existing Land Use CN Values Hydrologic Group Land Use ID Land Use Description A B C D 11 RESIDENTIAL 61 75 83 87 12 COMMERCIAL/SERVICES 89 92 94 95 13 INDUSTRIAL 81 88 91 93 14 TRANSPORTATION/UTIL 83 89 92 93 15 IND/COMM COMPLEXES 81 88 91 93 16 MIXED URBAN/BUILT-UP 80 87 91 93 17 OTHER URBAN/BUILT-UP 49 69 79 84 21 CROP/PASTURE 42 64 75 81 22 ORCHARD/NURSERY 43 65 76 82 23 CONFINED FEEDING 59 74 82 86 24 OTHER AG 67 77 83 87 31 GRASS RANGELAND 39 61 74 80 32 BRUSH RANGELAND 35 56 70 77 33 MIXED RANGELAND 47 64 74 81 41 DECIDUOUS FOREST 43 65 76 82 42 EVERGREEN FOREST 36 60 73 79 43 MIXED FOREST 38 62 75 81 49 EVERGREEN FOREST, RECODED FROM MIXED 30 55 70 77 51 STREAM/CANAL 100 100 100 100 52 LAKE 100 100 100 100 53 RESERVOIR 100 100 100 100 61 WETLAND 30 58 71 48 62 WETLAND 30 58 71 48 71 DRY SALT FLATS 39 61 74 80 72 BEACHES 39 61 74 80 73 SAND 39 61 74 80 74 EXPOSED ROCK 98 98 98 98 75 MINES/QUARRIES 76 85 89 91 77 MIXED BARREN LAND 77 86 91 94 76 TRANSITIONAL 47 64 74 81 81 SHRUB TUNDRA 47 64 74 81 82 GRASS TUNDRA 47 64 74 81 83 BARE TUNDRA 47 64 74 81 84 WET TUNDRA 47 64 74 81 85 MIXED TUNDRA 47 64 74 81 91 SNOWFIELD 100 100 100 100 92 GLACIER 100 100 100 100 March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-3 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.2-2: Post-Development Land Use CN Values Hydrologic Group District Classification Average % Impervious A B C D R-1 SUBURBAN RESIDENTIAL 35 51 68 79 84 R-2 SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL 35 57 72 81 86 R-3 URBAN SINGLE-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL 40 61 75 83 87 R-4 TWO-FAMILY RESIDENTIAL 45 66 78 85 88 R-5 RESIDENTIAL/PROFESSIONAL OFFICE 50 69 80 86 89 RA-1 LOW DENSITY RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT 45 66 78 85 88 RA-2 HIGH DENSITY RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT 50 77 85 90 92 RA-3 RESIDENTIAL APARTMENT/OFFICE 50 71 81 87 90 H-1 HEALTH CARE 45 66 78 85 88 B-1 NEIGHBORHOOD BUFFER DISTRICT 50 70 80 86 89 B-2 GENERAL BUSINESS -- 66 78 85 88 B-3 COMMUNITY BUSINESS -- 71 81 87 90 B-4 CENTRAL BUSINESS -- 89 92 94 95 B-5 INDUSTRIAL-COMMERCIAL -- 60 74 86 89 I-1 LIGHT INDUSTRIAL -- 81 88 91 93 I-2 HEAVY INDUSTRIAL -- 89 92 94 95 P-1 PUBLIC (Ord 1175, 3-19-1992) 45 49 69 79 84 4.2.3 Time of Concentration (Tc) The time of concentration (Tc) is the time for runoff to travel from the hydraulically most distant point in the watershed to the outlet point of the drainage basin. Tc influences the shape and peak of the runoff hydrograph. Urbanization usually decreases Tc, and therefore increases the peak discharge rate. Tc can be increased as a result of ponding behind small embankments or inadequate drainage systems, including storm drain inlets and cross drain culverts. Tc can also be increased by the reduction of land slope through grading. The Tc for the Storm Water Facility Plan Update was calculated using the ArcHydro GIS topographic mapping computer program to compute equations (1), (2), and (3) for the parameters shown in Table 4.2-3. Equation (1): Equation (2): Equation (3): LcLct3 5Tor 0.6 tT ⋅==() 0.5 0.70.8 L Y1900 1SLt⋅ +⋅=CN CN101000S⋅−= 4-4 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.2-3: Time of Concentration Parameter Units Description Calculated From: CN - Curve Number associated with pre- and post-developed land use GIS spatial weighing Y % Average slope of watershed basins GIS zonal statistics L ft Length to divide \ longest flow path ArcHydro longest flow path analysis S - Potential maximum retention Equation (1) tL hrs Lag time Equation (2) Tc hrs Time of concentration Equation (3) 4.3 Precipitation – Rainfall Runoff Estimation 4.3.1 Hydrology The 100-year 24-Hour precipitation depths provided in the NOAA Atlas9 for the City of Kalispell and summarized in Table 4.3-1 were used as the design precipitation event in the USDA Small Watershed Hydrology TR-20 model for the modeling of the storm water runoff. As was determined in the 2002 City of Kalispell Facility Plan, the Soil Conservation Service (SCS) Unit Hydrograph method (now NRCS) better represents the hydrology and resultant routing of the storm through the study basins. The SCS Unit Hydrograph method accounts for the initial rainfall losses and infiltration rate of the soils, as well as a more realistic time distribution of the rainfall. Based on a review of the hydrological information, it was decided by the City that a design storm with 24-hour duration would be used for the Storm Water Facility Plan Update. Reasons include as development of the project area increases the drainage ways will become more sensitive to flood volumes and water quality justifying that the 24-hour duration would be used for the Facility Plan Update. The SCS Type I storm distribution was used for the City of Kalispell as in the 2002 Facility Plan and is the prescribed storm as defined in the SCS Engineering Field Manual10. The Type I storm is characterized by the distribution curve shown in Figure 4.3-1. 9 U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Weather Service, Precipitation-Frequency Atlas of the Western United States, NOAA Atlas 2, Volume I-Montana, 1973. 10 U.S. Department of Agriculture, Soil Conservation Service, Engineering Field Manual, Chapter 2, Supplemental 1, Estimating Runoff in Montana. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-5 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.3-1: City of Kalispell 24-Hour Precipitation Depths Recurrence Interval 24-Hour Precipitation Depth (inches) 2-year 1.4 10-year 2.0 25-year 2.4 50-year 2.8 100-year 3.0 Figure 4.3-1 SCS Type I Storm Distribution 100-year, 24-Hr SCS Type I Rainfall Distribution, Kalispell Montana 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 0 5 10 15 20 Time (Hr) Pr e c i p i t a t i o n ( I n c h e s ) 4.3.2 Recurrence Interval for Design of Regional Facilities In accordance with the 2002 City of Kalispell Facility Plan, the 100-year design storm was used for computing the peak discharge rates for the major drainage way capacities and runoff volumes for the regional detention ponds and closed basins. Additionally, this 4-6 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis recurrence interval will provide drainage way capacities that are consistent with FEMA requirements for floodplain delineations in Flathead County. Regional detention ponds with an outlet structure and discharge conveyances were sized based on the storage difference between the existing and post-developed 100-year 24- hour volumes as determined using the USDA TR-20 computer program. For closed basins where the opportunities for an outlet structure and discharge conveyances does not exist, the storage volume was computed by using the post- developed 100-year 24-hour volume as determined using the USDA TR-20 computer program. 4.4 Storm Water Major Conveyances, Detention and Discharge Analysis 4.4.1 Storm Water Study Area The total drainage area that contributes storm water runoff to the study area boundary is approximately 62.6 square miles or 40,429 acres. The study area was divided into six sub-areas including: a) East Whitefish River, b) North Kalispell, c) West Stillwater River, d) West Kalispell, e) East Kalispell and f) South Kalispell as shown in Figure 4.2- 1. A total of 60 catchment drainage basins were developed for the study area and are shown in Figure 4.2-2. The storm water volumes and peak discharge rates from the TR-20 analysis described in Section 4.2 for the six sub-areas are discussed in more detail in the following sections. 4.4.2 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge System Analysis 4.4.2a East Whitefish River Study Area The East Whitefish River catchment consists of the project study area northeast of the City of Kalispell and Whitefish River along U.S. Highway 2. The study area as shown in Figure 4.4.2a-1 is approximately 5,887 acres or 9.2 square miles and consists of primarily agricultural crop and pasture land with small random residential developments located at the southern boundary north of the Evergreen community. Glacier Park International Airport, a transportation facility for the City of Kalispell and Flathead County, is located near the northern boundary. Major rivers and creeks located in the East Whitefish River study area include the Whitefish River, Trumbull Creek, Spring Creek and Flathead River. The Whitefish River flows from north to south along the west boundary of the sub-area. The FEMA Flood March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-7 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Insurance Study (FIS)11 has been completed on the Whitefish and Flathead Rivers and includes detailed floodplain mapping from the north study area boundary to the City of Kalispell. Trumbull and Spring Creeks flow from north to south and have approximate study FIS mapping within the study area. 4.4.2a.1 East Whitefish River Storm Water Runoff Estimation and Critical Drainage Way Identification The East Whitefish River study area was delineated into ten drainage basins based on the topographic mapping from the City of Kalispell and USGS quadrangle mapping of the study area. The hydraulic and hydrologic parameters of each drainage basin are shown in Table 4.4.2a-1. Table 4.4.2a-1: East Whitefish Catchment Drainage Basins Area CN Y L S tL Tc Basin ID (mi2) (acre) Existing Post- (%) (ft) (-) (hrs) (hrs) 106 0.50 320 64 68 0.21 7,820 5.584 5.535 9.226 107 0.64 410 67 68 0.25 9,423 4.967 5.539 9.232 108 2.33 1,491 64 69 0.43 21,273 5.660 8.786 14.643 109 0.85 544 64 71 0.68 11,798 5.725 4.388 7.314 121 0.84 538 65 69 0.19 11,424 5.344 7.689 12.815 146 0.84 538 65 69 0.34 2,463 5.332 1.700 2.834 151 0.35 224 65 73 0.24 2,095 5.333 1.757 2.928 152 0.52 333 65 68 0.37 5,274 5.273 2.962 4.937 153 1.36 870 64 71 0.62 5,522 5.628 2.479 4.131 157 0.97 620 72 73 0.29 9,811 3.807 4.542 7.570 Total 9.20 5,887 Total 86,903 CN: SCS Runoff Curve Number Y: Average Slope of watershead basin (%) L: Length to basin divide or longest flow path (feet) tL: Lag Time (hrs) S: Potential maximum retention (unit less) Tc: Time of concentration (hrs) The results of the East Whitefish TR-20 computation modeling for the existing and post- developed conditions in each of the ten drainage basins are shown in Table 4.4.2a-2 and Table 4.4.2a-3, respectively. The differences between the existing and post-developed 100-year runoff estimation is shown in Table 4.4.2a-4 11 Flood Insurance Study, Flathead County MT, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Community Number 300023, 1985. 4-8 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2a-2: East Whitefish Existing 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 106 0.50 320 64 9.226 9.89 0.458 12.21 107 0.64 410 67 9.232 16.08 0.577 19.69 108 2.33 1,491 64 14.643 39.94 0.466 57.91 109 0.85 544 64 7.314 17.98 0.465 21.08 121 0.84 538 65 12.815 16.26 0.498 22.31 146 0.84 538 65 2.834 26.59 0.504 22.58 151 0.35 224 65 2.928 10.96 0.501 9.35 152 0.52 333 65 4.937 13.73 0.500 13.87 153 1.36 870 64 4.131 34.33 0.467 33.87 157 0.97 620 72 7.570 38.55 0.804 41.51 Total 9.20 5,887 Total 254.39 Table 4.4.2a-3: East Whitefish Post-Developed 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 106 0.50 320 68 9.226 13.57 0.616 16.43 107 0.64 410 68 9.232 17.36 0.619 21.13 108 2.33 1,491 69 14.643 56.68 0.667 82.89 109 0.85 544 71 7.314 32.04 0.756 34.27 121 0.84 538 69 12.815 21.56 0.662 29.66 146 0.84 538 69 2.834 41.09 0.668 29.93 151 0.35 224 73 2.928 24.37 0.853 15.92 152 0.52 333 68 4.937 18.24 0.622 17.25 153 1.36 870 71 4.131 67.04 0.759 55.05 157 0.97 620 73 7.570 41.64 0.853 44.13 Total 9.20 5,887 Total 346.65 March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-9 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2a-4: East Whitefish Difference in 100-year Runoff Existing Post-Developed Difference Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Basin (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) 106 * 9.89 12.21 13.57 16.43 3.68 4.21 107 * 16.08 19.69 17.36 21.13 1.28 1.43 108 * 39.94 57.91 56.68 82.89 16.74 24.98 109 * 17.98 21.08 32.04 34.27 14.06 13.19 121 * 16.26 22.31 21.56 29.66 5.30 7.35 146 26.59 22.58 41.09 29.93 14.50 7.35 151 10.96 9.35 24.37 15.92 13.41 6.57 152 13.73 13.87 18.24 17.25 4.51 3.38 153 34.33 33.87 67.04 55.05 32.71 21.18 157 * 38.55 41.51 41.64 44.13 3.09 2.62 Total 254.39 Total 346.65 Total 92.26 * Basins with potential regional detention ponds. 4.4.2a.2 East Whitefish River Study Area Storm Water Runoff Quantity Control Recommendations Based on the topography of the East Whitefish River study area and existing drainage conveyances, it is recommended that regional detention ponds be used to control post- developed runoff in basins 106, 107, 108, 109, 121, and 157 as shown in Figure 4.4.2a-1. In general, the proposed regional detention ponds (DP) would be located along a major storm conveyance and the outlet from the basin would discharge to the major conveyance. For storage calculations, the 100-year, 24-hour storm would be used. The storm water detention pond would be sized to store the difference between the existing and post-development 100-year, 24-hour volume. A low-level outlet structure would be provided with a discharge rate no greater than the 100-year peak for 24-hour existing conditions. An overflow spillway or structure would be provided to release the 100-year, 24-hour peak discharge rate for the post-development condition. The probable construction cost shown in Tables 4.4.2a-5 for these proposed regional detention ponds is based on the difference in 100-year volume between the existing and post-developed conditions and a maximum pond depth of 3-feet. Detailed probable cost estimates for the ponds are included in the Appendix of the Storm Water Facility Plan Update. The capital improvement cost summary does not include the costs necessary to acquire easements for the existing natural drainage ways. The City of Kalispell has indicated that the preservation of these drainage ways would be completed through the planning and permitting requirements of future developments in the drainage basin. Based on the TR- 20 analysis described in Section 4.2 and listed in Table 4.4.2a-1, the total length of 4-10 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis drainage ways from the basin divides to the outlet for the East Whitefish Study Area is approximately 86,903 feet or 16.5 miles. Table 4.4.2a-5: East Whitefish Facility Probable Cost Summary Facility ID 100 -year Volume (acre-ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Dischage Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter (inches) Estimated Regional DP Cost Estimated SWMP Cost Total Probable Cost DP-106 4.21 1.4 9.89 24 $442,000 $0 $442,000 DP-107 1.43 0.5 16.08 24 $268,000 $0 $268,000 DP-108 24.98 8.3 39.94 42 $1,881,000 $0 $1,881,000 DP-109 13.19 4.4 17.98 36 $1,091,000 $0 $1,091,000 DP-121 7.35 2.5 16.26 24 $640,000 $0 $640,000 SWMP-146 7.35 2.5 26.59 36 $0 $724,000 $724,000 SWMP-151 6.57 2.2 10.96 24 $0 $591,000 $591,000 SWMP-152 3.38 1.1 13.73 24 $0 $391,000 $391,000 SWMP-153 21.18 7.1 34.33 36 $0 $1,593,000 $1,593,000 DP-157 2.62 0.9 38.55 42 $467,000 $0 $467,000 Total 92.26 30.8 Total $4,789,000 $3,299,000 $8,088,000 DP: Proposed Regional Detention Pond with Outlet SWMP: Storm Water Management Ponds for Future Developments Basins 146, 151, 152 and 153 are located along the Whitefish River, Trumbull and Spring Creeks and the Goodrich Bayou. These basins do not have well-established existing drainage conveyances and generally have a sheet flow runoff pattern towards the river or creeks. Regional detention ponds are not feasible for these drainage basins. Therefore, site-specific storm water management ponds (SWMP) to control the 100-year runoff in these areas would need to be incorporated into the design of future developments. The probable cost summary listed in Table 4.4.2a-5 for these storm water management ponds are based on the difference in 100-year volume and a maximum depth of 3-feet. 4.4.2b North Kalispell Study Area The North Kalispell catchment consists of the project study area north of the City of Kalispell between the Stillwater and Whitefish Rivers. The U.S. Highway 93 alignment is on the west third and Whitefish Stage Road is located in the east third of the study area. The study area as shown in Figure 4.4.2b-1 is approximately 7,966 acres or 12.4 square miles and consists of primarily agricultural crop and pasture land with residential developments located adjacent to the Kalispell City limits. The County Estates March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-11 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis subdivision and the Big Mountain Golf Club are located near the southern boundary and Kalispell City Limits of the study area. The Stillwater and Whitefish Rivers flow from north to south along the west and east respective study area boundaries of the sub-area. The FEMA Flood Insurance Study (FIS) 12 detailed mapping has been completed on the Whitefish and Stillwater Rivers and includes detailed mapping from the north study area boundary to the City of Kalispell. 4.4.2b.1 North Kalispell Storm Water Runoff Estimation and Critical Drainage Way Identification The North Kalispell study area was delineated into twelve drainage basins based on the topographic mapping from the City of Kalispell and USGS quadrangle mapping of the study area. The hydraulic and hydrologic parameters of each drainage basin are shown in Table 4.4.2b-1. Table 4.4.2b-1: North Kalispell Catchment Drainage Basins Area CN Y L S tL Tc Basin ID (mi2) (acre) Existing Post (%) (ft) (-) (hrs) (hrs) 102 2.95 1887 62 63 6.10 29,306 6.030 3.127 5.211 103 2.77 1770 62 66 4.66 22,646 6.193 2.959 4.931 104 1.30 834 52 60 2.01 12,897 9.097 3.639 6.064 105 1.11 712 51 61 2.85 13,468 9.450 3.243 5.405 116 0.32 204 61 65 1.73 4,408 6.445 1.342 2.236 117 0.28 178 62 67 1.89 7,814 6.069 1.957 3.262 118 0.87 557 56 63 1.94 13,260 7.737 3.420 5.699 119 0.55 351 58 66 0.71 11,813 7.280 4.972 8.287 120 0.83 530 57 66 1.12 3,078 7.461 1.370 2.283 143 0.30 193 70 77 2.41 2,230 4.241 0.516 0.860 144 0.51 324 64 72 2.17 3,057 5.639 0.826 1.376 145 0.66 425 58 64 2.87 4,024 7.363 1.051 1.751 Total 12.5 7,968 Total 128,001 CN: SCS Runoff Curve Number Y: Average Slope of watershead basin (%) L: Length to basin divide or longest flow path (feet) tL: Lag Time (hrs) S: Potential maximum retention (unit less) Tc: Time of concentration (hrs) 12 Flood Insurance Study, Flathead County MT, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Community Number 300023, 1985. 4-12 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis The results of the North Kalispell TR-20 computer modeling for the existing and post- developed conditions in each of the twelve drainage basins are shown in Table 4.4.2b-2 and Table 4.4.2b-3, respectively. The differences between the existing and post- developed 100-year runoff estimation is shown in Table 4.4.2b-4. Table 4.4.2b-2: North Kalispell Existing 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 102 3.0 1,888 62 5.212 56.88 0.397 62.46 103 2.8 1,773 62 4.931 54.22 0.397 58.65 104 1.3 832 52 6.065 9.08 0.125 8.67 105 1.1 710 51 5.405 6.95 0.106 6.28 116 0.3 205 61 2.237 6.63 0.360 6.14 117 0.3 179 62 3.262 6.07 0.391 5.84 118 0.9 557 56 5.699 9.35 0.216 10.02 119 0.6 352 58 8.290 6.73 0.264 7.74 120 0.8 531 57 2.284 10.58 0.244 10.80 143 0.3 192 70 0.860 31.19 0.712 11.39 144 0.5 326 64 1.376 18.44 0.467 12.70 145 0.7 422 58 1.752 9.82 0.272 9.57 Total 12.5 7,968 Total 210.27 Table 4.4.2b-3: North Kalispell Post-Developed 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 102 3.0 1,888 63 5.212 62.88 0.432 67.97 103 2.8 1,773 66 4.931 80.47 0.544 80.37 104 1.3 832 60 6.065 19.96 0.331 22.95 105 1.1 710 61 5.405 19.18 0.362 21.43 116 0.3 205 65 2.237 11.00 0.502 8.57 117 0.3 179 67 3.262 10.51 0.579 8.65 118 0.9 557 63 5.699 18.06 0.429 19.91 119 0.6 352 66 8.290 13.27 0.535 15.69 120 0.8 531 66 2.284 32.06 0.543 24.04 143 0.3 192 77 0.860 60.40 1.069 17.10 144 0.5 326 72 1.376 49.99 0.806 21.92 145 0.7 422 64 1.752 21.68 0.467 16.44 Total 12.5 7,968 Total 325.03 March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-13 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2b-4: North Kalispell Difference in 100-year Runoff Existing Post-Developed Difference Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Basin (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) 102* 56.88 62.46 62.88 67.97 6.00 5.51 103* 54.22 58.65 80.47 80.37 26.25 21.72 104* 9.08 8.67 19.96 22.95 10.88 14.28 105* 6.95 6.28 19.18 21.43 12.23 15.16 116* 6.63 6.14 11.00 8.57 4.37 2.42 117* 6.07 5.84 10.51 8.65 4.44 2.81 118* 9.35 10.02 18.06 19.91 8.71 9.88 119* 6.73 7.74 13.27 15.69 6.54 7.95 120* 10.58 10.80 32.06 24.04 21.48 13.24 143 31.19 11.39 60.40 17.10 29.21 5.71 144 18.44 12.70 49.99 21.92 31.55 9.22 145 9.82 9.57 21.68 16.44 11.86 6.86 Total 210.27 Total 325.03 Total 114.76 * Basins with potential regional detention ponds. 4.4.2b.2 North Kalispell Study Area Storm Water Runoff Quantity Control Recommendations Based on the topography of the North Kalispell study area and existing drainage conveyances, it is recommended that regional detention ponds be used to control post- developed runoff in basins 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 116, 117, 118, 119 and 120 as shown in Figure 4.4.2b-1. In general, the proposed regional detention ponds (DP) would be located along a major storm conveyance and the outlet from the basin would discharge to the major conveyance. For storage calculations, the 100-year, 24-hour storm would be used. The storm water detention pond would be sized to store the difference between the existing and post-development 100-year, 24-hour volume. A low-level outlet structure would be provided with a discharge rate no greater than the 100-year peak for existing conditions. An overflow spillway or structure would be provided to release the 100-year, 24-hour peak discharge rate for the post-development condition. The probable construction cost shown in Table 4.4.2b-5 for these proposed regional detention ponds is based on the difference in 100-year volume between the existing and post-development condition and a maximum pond depth of 3-feet. Detailed probable cost estimates for the ponds are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. The capital improvement cost summary does not include the costs necessary to acquire easements for the existing natural drainage ways. The City of Kalispell has indicated that the preservation of these drainage ways would be completed through the planning and permitting requirements of future developments in the drainage basin. Based on the TR- 4-14 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis 20 analysis described in Section 4.2 and listed in Table 4.4.2b-1, the total length of drainage ways from the basin divides to the outlet for the North Kalispell Study Area is approximately 128,001 feet or 24.25 miles. Table 4.4.2b-5: North Kalispell Facility Probable Cost Summary Facility ID 100 -year Volume (acre-ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Dischage Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter (inches) Estimated Regional DP Cost Estimated SWMP Cost Total Probable Cost DP-102 5.51 1.8 56.88 48 $880,000 $0 $880,000 DP-103 21.72 7.2 54.22 48 $1,898,000 $0 $1,898,000 DP-104 14.28 4.8 9.08 18 $1,066,000 $0 $1,066,000 DP-105 15.16 5.1 6.95 18 $1,176,000 $0 $1,176,000 DP-116 2.24 0.8 6.63 18 $301,000 $0 $301,000 DP-117 2.81 0.9 6.07 18 $337,000 $0 $337,000 DP-118 9.88 3.3 9.35 24 $798,000 $0 $798,000 DP-119 7.95 2.7 6.73 18 $660,000 $0 $660,000 DP-120 13.24 4.4 10.58 24 $1,010,000 $0 $1,010,000 SWMP-143 5.71 1.9 31.19 36 $0 $621,000 $621,000 SWMP-144 9.22 3.1 18.44 24 $0 $757,000 $757,000 SWMP-145 6.86 2.3 9.82 18 $0 $591,000 $591,000 Total 114.58 38.2 Total $8,062,000 $1,969,000 $10,031,000 DP: Proposed Regional Detention Pond with Outlet SWMP: Storm Water Management Ponds for Future Developments Basins 143, 144 and 145 would be located along the Stillwater River and generally have a sheet flow runoff pattern towards the river. Regional detention ponds are not feasible for these drainage basins. Therefore, site-specific storm water management ponds (SWMP) in these areas to control the 100-year runoff would need to be incorporated into the design of future developments. The probable cost summary listed in Table 4.4.2b-5 for these storm water management ponds are based on the 100-year volume and a maximum depth of 3-feet. Detailed cost estimates for the ponds are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. Proposed detention ponds DP-118 and DP-119 would be located north of West Reserve Drive. The existing topography does not provide a drainage way to convey storm water from the pond to the natural conveyances. Outlet piping would be necessary for detention ponds DP-118 and DP-119 to convey storm water along West Reserve Drive to the Stillwater and Whitefish Rivers, respectively. The probable cost summary listed in Table 4.4.2b-6 for these proposed conveyance outlet pipelines is based on the 100-year March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-15 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis peak discharge rate. Detailed cost estimates for the pipelines are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. Table 4.4.2b-6: North Kalispell Conveyance Outlet Pipeline Probable Cost Summary Conveyance Outlet Pipeline Pipeline Length (feet) Easement Area (acres) (See note 1) 100-year Peak Dischage Rate (cfs) Pipe Diameter (inches) Estimated Conveyance Pipeline Cost Total Probable Cost COP-118 3,500 2.41 9.35 24 $3,275,000 $3,275,000 COP-119 1,500 1.03 6.73 24 $1,637,000 $1,637,000 Total 5,000 3.44 Total $4,912,000 $4,912,000 Note 1: Estimated easement based on 30 foot width. 4.4.2c West Stillwater Study Area The West Stillwater catchment consists of the project study area northwest of the City of Kalispell between the West Kalispell study area boundary and the Stillwater River. The Spring Creek Road alignment is along the west boundary and Reserve Drive is on the south boundary of the study area. The study area as shown in Figure 4.4.2c-1 is approximately 4,312 acres or 6.7 square miles and consists of primarily agricultural crop and pasture land with residential developments located adjacent to the Kalispell City limits. The County Estates subdivision and Kalispell City Limits are located in southeast corner of the study area. The Stillwater River flows from north to south along the east boundary of the sub-area. The FEMA Flood Insurance Study (FIS)13 has been completed on the Stillwater River and includes detailed floodplain mapping from the north study area boundary to the City of Kalispell. 13 Flood Insurance Study, Flathead County MT, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Community Number 300023, 1985. 4-16 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis 4.4.2c.1 West Stillwater Storm Water Runoff Estimation and Critical Drainage Way Identification The West Stillwater study area was delineated into nine drainage basins based on the topographic mapping from the City of Kalispell and USGS quadrangle mapping of the study area. The hydraulic and hydrologic parameters of each drainage basin are shown in Table 4.4.2c-1. Table 4.4.2c-1: West Stillwater Catchment Drainage Basins Area CN Y L S tL Tc Basin ID (mi2) (acre) Existing Post (%) (ft) (-) (hrs) (hrs) 100 2.12 1357 64 70 2.74 20,422 5.702 3.379 5.632 101 0.43 272 65 72 1.48 8,754 5.313 2.240 3.734 113 0.63 405 65 73 5.11 3,602 5.348 0.594 0.991 114 0.78 499 64 71 4.23 7,551 5.527 1.204 2.007 115 0.21 136 64 70 8.14 2,195 5.539 0.324 0.539 124 0.66 421 64 72 4.10 8,000 5.617 1.293 2.155 140 0.59 380 63 71 3.30 6,619 5.898 1.276 2.126 141 0.91 584 64 69 5.25 3,039 5.526 0.522 0.870 142 0.41 262 64 72 6.03 3,010 5.554 0.485 0.808 Total 6.7 4312 Total 63,193 CN: SCS Runoff Curve Number Y: Average Slope of watershead basin (%) L: Length to basin divide or longest flow path (feet) tL: Lag Time (hrs) S: Potential maximum retention (unit less) Tc: Time of concentration (hrs) The results of the West Stillwater TR-20 computer modeling for the existing and post- developed conditions in each of the nine drainage basins are shown in Table 4.4.2c-2 and Table 4.4.2c-3, respectively. The differences between the existing and post-developed 100-year runoff estimation is shown in Table 4.4.2c-4. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-17 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2c-2: West Stillwater Existing 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 100 2.1 1,357 64 5.632 48.66 0.468 52.92 101 0.4 275 65 3.734 12.44 0.501 11.49 113 0.6 403 65 0.991 30.77 0.505 16.97 114 0.8 499 64 2.007 24.40 0.467 19.43 115 0.2 134 64 0.539 11.36 0.467 5.23 124 0.7 421 64 2.155 20.17 0.467 16.37 140 0.6 378 63 2.127 15.81 0.431 13.56 141 0.9 582 64 0.871 39.84 0.468 22.71 142 0.4 262 64 0.808 18.54 0.468 10.23 Total 6.7 4,312 Total 168.91 Table 4.4.2c-3: West Stillwater Post-Developed 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 100 2.1 1,357 70 5.632 83.39 0.713 80.62 101 0.4 275 72 3.734 24.24 0.803 18.42 113 0.6 403 73 0.991 82.67 0.856 28.76 114 0.8 499 71 2.007 55.67 0.759 31.57 115 0.2 134 70 0.539 28.45 0.712 7.97 124 0.7 421 72 2.155 49.70 0.806 28.26 140 0.6 378 71 2.127 40.70 0.758 23.85 141 0.9 582 69 0.871 83.37 0.669 32.47 142 0.4 262 72 0.808 54.86 0.807 17.65 Total 6.7 4,312 Total 269.57 4-18 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2c-4: West Stillwater Difference in 100-year Runoff Existing Post-Developed Difference Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Basin (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) 100* 48.66 52.92 83.39 80.62 34.73 27.70 101* 12.44 11.49 24.24 18.42 11.80 6.93 113** 30.77 16.97 82.67 28.76 51.90 11.79 114** 24.40 19.43 55.67 31.57 31.27 12.15 115** 11.36 5.23 28.45 7.97 17.09 2.74 124* 20.17 16.37 49.70 28.26 29.53 11.88 140 15.81 13.56 40.70 23.85 24.89 10.29 141 39.84 22.71 83.37 32.47 43.53 9.76 142 18.54 10.23 54.86 17.65 36.32 7.41 Total 168.91 Total 269.57 Total 100.65 * Basins with potential regional detention ponds. ** Closed basins. 4.4.2c.2 West Stillwater Study Area Storm Water Runoff Quantity Control Recommendations Based on the topography of the West Stillwater study area and existing drainage conveyances, it is recommended that regional detention ponds be used to control post- developed runoff in basins 100, 101 and 124 as shown in Figure 4.4.2c-1. In general, the proposed regional detention ponds (DP) would be located along a major storm conveyance and the outlet from the basin would discharge to the major conveyance. For storage calculations, the 100-year, 24-hour storm would be used. The storm water detention pond would be sized to store the difference between the existing and post- development 100-year, 24-hour volume. A low-level outlet structure would be provided with a discharge rate no greater than the 100-year peak for existing conditions. An overflow spillway or structure would be provided to release the 100-year, 24-hour peak discharge rate for the post-development condition. The probable construction cost shown in Table 4.4.2c-5 for these proposed regional detention ponds is based on the difference in 100-year volume and a maximum pond depth of 3-feet. Detailed cost estimates for the ponds are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. The topography of basins 113, 114 and 115 does not include major conveyances to discharge storm water from the basin. These basins are closed basins (CB) and would not have detention ponds with an outlet. In lieu of the detention pond facility it is proposed that a drainage easement would be provided for the area at the low point of the basin to pond and collect storm water. Closed basins could serve as enhanced or future wetlands to mitigate existing wetland impacts and they could also provide storm water treatment from future developments in the drainage basin. The probable construction cost listed in March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-19 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2c-5 for these proposed closed basins is based on the total 100-year post- development volume and a maximum basin depth of 5-feet. Detailed cost estimates for the basins are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. The capital improvement cost summary does not include the costs necessary to acquire easements for the existing natural drainage ways. The City of Kalispell has indicated that the preservation of these drainage ways would be completed through the planning and permitting requirements of future developments in the drainage basin. Based on the TR- 20 analysis described in Section 4.2 and listed in Table 4.4.2c-1, the total length of drainage ways from the basin divides to the outlet for the West Stillwater Study Area is approximately 63,193 feet or 12 miles. Table 4.4.2c-5: West Stillwater Facility Probable Cost Summary Facility ID 100 -year Volume (acre-ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Discharge Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter (inches) Estimated Regional DP Cost Estimated Closed Basin Cost Estimated SWMP Cost Total Probable Cost DP-100A 13.85 4.6 48.66 42 $1,182,000 $0 $0 $1,182,000 DP-100B 13.85 4.6 24.33 36 $1,133,000 $0 $0 $1,133,000 DP-101 6.93 2.3 12.44 24 $613,000 $0 $0 $613,000 CB-113A-B 28.76 5.8 n/a n/a $0 $1,447,000 $0 $1,447,000 CB-114 31.57 6.3 n/a n/a $0 $1,588,000 $0 $1,588,000 CB-115 7.97 1.6 n/a n/a $0 $401,000 $0 $401,000 DP-124 11.88 4.0 20.17 36 $1,009,000 $0 $0 $1,009,000 SWMP-140 10.29 3.4 15.81 24 $0 $0 $824,000 $824,000 SWMP-141 9.76 3.3 39.84 42 $0 $0 $924,000 $924,000 SWMP-142 7.41 2.5 18.54 24 $0 $0 $643,000 $643,000 Total 142.27 38.3 Total $3,937,000 $3,436,000 $2,391,000 $9,764,000 DP: Proposed Regional Detention Pond with Outlet CB: Proposed Regional Closed Basin with no Outlet SWMP: Storm Water Management Ponds for Future Developments Basins 140, 141 and 142 are located along the Stillwater River and do not have well- established existing drainage conveyances and generally have a sheet flow runoff pattern towards the river. Regional detention ponds are not feasible for these drainage basins. Therefore, site specific storm water management ponds (SWMP) in these areas to control the 100-year runoff would need to be incorporated into the design of the future developments. The probable construction cost listed in Table 4.4.2c-5 for these storm water management ponds are based on the 100-year volume and a maximum depth of 3- feet. Detailed cost estimates for the ponds are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. 4-20 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Proposed detention pond DP-124 would be located west of Stillwater Road and the existing topography does not allow discharge to a major conveyance channel. Therefore, outlet piping would be required to convey storm water south along Stillwater Road to a major conveyance channel which is a tributary to Spring Creek. The probable cost summary listed in Table 4.4.2c-6 for this proposed conveyance outlet pipeline is based on the 100-year peak discharge rate. Detailed cost estimates for the pipeline is included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. Table 4.4.2c-6: West Stillwater Conveyance Outlet Pipeline Probable Cost Summary Conveyance Pipeline Pipeline Length (feet) Easement Area (acres) (See Note 1) 100-year Peak Dischage Rate (cfs) Pipe Diameter (inches) Estimated Conveyance Pipeline Cost Total Probable Cost COP-124 3,300 2.27 20.17 36 $4,405,000 COP-124 Note 1: Estimated easement based on 30 foot width. 4.4.2d West Kalispell Study Area The West Kalispell catchment consists of the project study area west of the City of Kalispell. The Farm to Market Road alignment is on the west boundary and Ashley Creek is on the south boundary of the study area. The study area as shown in Figure 4.4.2d-1 is approximately 12,426 acres or 19.4 square miles and consists of primarily agricultural crop and pasture land with significant residential developments occurring west of the Kalispell City limits. Spring and Little Spring Creeks flow from northwest to southeast sections of the study area to their confluence with Ashley Creek. Ashley Creek enters the study area from the southwest and flows east to the confluence with the Flathead River. The FEMA Flood Insurance Study (FIS) 14 has been completed on Spring, Little Spring and Ashley Creeks and includes detailed floodplain mapping from the west study area boundary to the City of Kalispell. 4.4.2d.1 West Kalispell Storm Water Runoff Estimation and Critical Drainage Way Identification The West Kalispell study area was delineated into fifteen drainage basins based on the topographic mapping from the City of Kalispell and USGS quadrangle mapping of the study area. The hydraulic and hydrologic parameters of each drainage basin are shown in Table 4.4.2d-1. 14 Flood Insurance Study, Flathead County MT, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Community Number 300023, 1985. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-21 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2d-1: West Kalispell Catchment Drainage Basins Area CN Y L S tL Tc Basin ID (mi2) (acre) Existing Post (%) (ft) (-) (hrs) (hrs) 110 2.14 1370 64 67 3.11 15,329 5.661 2.510 4.183 111 2.86 1830 64 73 3.52 14,700 5.560 2.257 3.762 112 0.72 461 62 70 5.71 7,586 6.147 1.109 1.849 122 0.97 621 64 75 2.55 7,333 5.542 1.517 2.528 123 2.59 1657 64 73 1.55 15,882 5.603 3.634 6.057 125 2.26 1446 63 69 12.71 21,619 5.801 1.659 2.765 126 1.59 1018 65 72 2.38 15,484 5.389 2.810 4.684 127 0.77 493 63 70 2.91 7,024 5.918 1.428 2.379 128 1.08 689 64 69 3.98 7,886 5.609 1.297 2.161 138 1.91 1222 63 65 14.23 15,535 5.923 1.219 2.031 139 0.84 538 62 63 11.08 7,427 6.044 0.775 1.291 147 0.61 390 67 74 5.12 1,277 4.997 0.249 0.415 148 0.45 288 66 74 5.57 1,303 5.078 0.245 0.408 158 0.35 224 72 78 2.11 4,635 3.942 0.950 1.584 159 0.28 179 66 73 7.59 1,604 5.083 0.248 0.413 Total 19.4 12,426 Total 144,626 CN: SCS Runoff Curve Number Y: Average Slope of watershead basin (%) L: Length to basin divide or longest flow path (feet) tL: Lag Time (hrs) S: Potential maximum retention (unit less) Tc: Time of concentration (hrs) The results of the West Kalispell TR-20 computer modeling for the existing and post- developed conditions in each of the fifteen drainage basins are shown in Table 4.4.2d-2 and Table 4.4.2d-3, respectively. The differences between the existing and post- developed 100-year runoff estimation is shown in Table 4.4.2d-4. 4-22 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2d-2: West Kalispell Existing 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 110 2.1 1,370 64 4.183 53.82 0.468 53.41 111 2.9 1,830 64 3.835 73.70 0.468 71.39 112 0.7 461 64 1.965 22.69 0.467 17.93 122 1.0 621 64 2.531 28.18 0.467 24.16 123 2.6 1,657 64 6.057 58.09 0.468 64.62 125 2.3 1,446 63 2.765 56.76 0.432 52.07 126 1.6 1,018 65 4.684 42.71 0.505 42.82 127 0.8 493 63 2.381 20.04 0.431 17.70 128 1.1 689 64 3.352 32.98 0.468 26.88 138 1.9 1,222 63 2.031 51.82 0.432 44.01 139 0.8 538 62 1.291 22.23 0.398 17.83 147 0.6 390 67 0.415 63.74 0.585 19.03 148 0.5 288 66 0.408 40.46 0.544 13.06 158 0.4 224 72 1.584 31.57 0.805 15.03 159 0.3 179 66 0.413 25.00 0.544 8.12 Total 19.4 12,426 Total 488.06 Table 4.4.2d-3: West Kalispell Post-Developed 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 110 2.1 1,370 67 4.183 72.97 0.584 66.65 111 2.9 1,830 71 3.835 146.07 0.760 115.93 112 0.7 461 73 1.965 62.80 0.856 32.87 122 1.0 621 74 2.531 79.62 0.907 46.92 123 2.6 1,657 73 6.057 124.29 0.856 118.19 125 2.3 1,446 69 2.765 111.87 0.669 80.64 126 1.6 1,018 72 4.684 80.13 0.807 68.43 127 0.8 493 70 2.381 45.41 0.712 29.24 128 1.1 689 69 2.161 60.18 0.669 38.43 138 1.9 1,222 65 2.031 68.11 0.506 51.54 139 0.8 538 63 1.291 26.46 0.432 19.35 147 0.6 390 74 0.415 143.70 0.908 29.54 148 0.5 288 74 0.408 107.17 0.907 21.77 158 0.4 226 78 1.584 52.43 1.126 21.20 159 0.3 176 73 0.413 60.46 0.856 12.57 Total 19.4 12,426 Total 753.27 March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-23 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2d-4: West Kalispell Difference in 100-year Runoff Existing Post-Developed Difference Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Basin (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) 110** 53.82 53.41 72.97 66.65 19.15 13.24 111** 73.70 71.39 146.07 115.93 72.37 44.54 112** 22.69 17.93 62.80 32.87 40.11 14.94 122* 28.18 24.16 79.62 46.92 51.44 22.76 123* 58.09 64.62 124.29 118.19 66.20 53.57 125* 56.76 52.07 111.87 80.64 55.11 28.57 126* 42.71 42.82 80.13 68.43 37.42 25.61 127* 20.04 17.70 45.41 29.24 25.37 11.54 128* 32.98 26.88 60.18 38.43 27.20 11.55 138* 51.82 44.01 68.11 51.54 16.29 7.54 139* 22.23 17.83 26.46 19.35 4.23 1.52 147 63.74 19.03 143.70 29.54 79.96 10.51 148 40.46 13.06 107.17 21.77 66.71 8.71 158* 31.57 15.03 52.43 21.20 20.86 6.17 159* 25.00 8.12 60.46 12.57 35.46 4.45 Total 488.06 Total 753.27 Total 265.21 * Basins with potential regional detention ponds. ** Closed basins. 4.4.2d.2 West Kalispell Study Area Storm Water Runoff Quantity Control Recommendations Based on the topography of the West Kalispell study area and existing drainage conveyances, it is recommended that regional detention ponds be used to control post- developed runoff in basins 122, 123, 125, 126, 127, 128, 138,139, 158 and 159 as shown in Figure 4.4.2d-1. In general, the proposed regional detention ponds (DP) would be located along a major storm conveyance and the outlet from the basin would discharge to the major conveyance. For storage calculations, the 100-year, 24-hour storm would be used. The storm water detention pond would be sized to store the difference between the existing and post-development 100-year 24-hour volume. A low-level outlet structure would be provided with a discharge rate no greater than the 100-year peak for existing conditions. An overflow spillway or structure would be provided to release the 100-year, 24-hour peak discharge rate for the post-development condition. The probable construction cost shown in Table 4.4.2d-5 for these proposed regional detention ponds is based on the difference in 100-year volume and a maximum pond depth of 3-feet. Detailed cost estimates for the ponds are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. The topography of basins 110, 111 and 112 does not include major conveyances to discharge storm water from the basin. These basins are closed basins (CB) and would not 4-24 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis have detention ponds with an outlet. In lieu of the detention pond facility it is proposed that a drainage easement be provided for the area at the low point of the basin to pond and collect storm water. Closed basins could serve as enhanced or future wetlands to mitigate existing wetland impacts and they could also provide storm water treatment from future developments in the drainage basin. The probable construction cost listed in Table 4.4.2d-5 for these proposed closed basins is based on the total 100-year post-development volume and a maximum basin depth of 5-feet. Detailed cost estimates for the basins are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. The capital improvement cost summary does not include the costs necessary to acquire easements for the existing natural drainage ways. The City of Kalispell has indicated that the preservation of these drainage ways would be completed through the planning and permitting requirements of future developments in the drainage basin. Based on the TR- 20 analysis described in Section 4.2 and listed in Table 4.4.2d-1, the total length of drainage ways from the basin divides to the outlet for the West Kalispell Study Area is approximately 144,626 feet or 27.4 miles. Table 4.4.2d-5: West Kalispell Facility Probable Cost Summary Facility ID 100 -year Volume (acre-ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Discharge Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter (inches) Estimated Regional DP Cost Estimated Closed Basin Cost Estimated SWMP Cost Total Probable Cost CB-110 66.65 13.3 n/a n/a $0 $3,354,000 $0 $3,354,000 CB-111 115.93 23.2 n/a n/a $0 $5,835,000 $0 $5,835,000 CB-112 32.87 6.6 n/a n/a $0 $1,654,000 $0 $1,654,000 DP-122 22.76 7.6 28.18 36 $1,693,000 $0 $0 $1,693,000 DP-123 53.57 17.9 58.09 48 $3,900,000 $0 $0 $3,900,000 DP-125 28.57 9.5 56.76 48 $2,329,000 $0 $0 $2,329,000 DP-126 25.61 8.5 42.71 42 $1,921,000 $0 $0 $1,921,000 DP-127 11.54 3.9 20.04 24 $903,000 $0 $0 $903,000 DP-128 11.55 3.9 32.98 48 $988,000 $0 $0 $988,000 DP-138 7.54 2.5 51.82 48 $1,007,000 $0 $0 $1,007,000 DP-139 1.52 0.5 22.23 36 $358,000 $0 $0 $358,000 SWMP-147 10.51 3.5 63.74 48 $0 $0 $1,194,000 $1,194,000 SWMP-148 8.71 2.9 40.46 42 $0 $0 $858,000 $858,000 DP-158 6.17 2.1 31.57 36 $690,000 $0 $0 $690,000 DP-159 4.45 1.5 25.00 36 $582,000 $0 $0 $582,000 Total 407.95 107.3 Total $14,371,000 $10,843,000 $2,052,000 $27,266,000 DP: Proposed Regional Detention Pond with Outlet CB: Proposed Regional Closed Basin with no Outlet SWMP: Storm Water Management Ponds for Future Developments March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-25 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Basins 147 and 148 are located along the Ashley Creek and do not have well-established existing drainage conveyances and generally have a sheet flow runoff pattern towards the river. Regional detention ponds are not feasible for these drainage basins. Therefore, site specific storm water management ponds (SWMP) in these areas to control the 100-year runoff would need to be incorporated into the design of the future developments. The probable cost summary listed in Table 4.4.2d-5 for these storm water management ponds are based on the 100-year volume and a maximum depth of 3-feet. Detailed cost estimates for the ponds are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. 4.4.2e East Kalispell Study Area The East Kalispell catchment consists of the project study area east of the City of Kalispell. U.S. Highway 93 alignment is on the west boundary and Willow Glen Road alignment is on the east boundary of the study area. The study area as shown in Figure 4.4.2e-1 is approximately 634 acres or 0.99 square miles and consists of primarily urban developed subdivisions on the southeast Kalispell City limits. The Flathead River flows from north to south along the east study area boundary. The FEMA Flood Insurance Study (FIS) 15 detailed floodplain mapping has been completed on the Flathead River along the east study area boundary of the City of Kalispell. 4.4.2e.1 East Kalispell Storm Water Runoff Estimation and Critical Drainage Way Identification The East Kalispell study area was delineated into one drainage basin based on the topographic mapping from the City of Kalispell and USGS quadrangle mapping of the study area. The hydraulic and hydrologic parameters of the drainage basin are shown in Table 4.4.2e-1. Table 4.4.2e-1: East Kalispell Catchment Drainage Basins Area CN Y L S tL Tc Basin ID (mi2) (acre) Existing Post (%) (ft) (-) (hrs) (hrs) 132 0.99 634 72 76 2.81 12,930 3.935 1.869 3.115 Total 0.99 634 Total 12,930 CN: SCS Runoff Curve Number Y: Average Slope of watershead basin (%) L: Length to basin divide or longest flow path (feet) tL: Lag Time (hrs) S: Potential maximum retention (unit less) Tc: Time of concentration (hrs) 15 Flood Insurance Study, Flathead County MT, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Community Number 300023, 1985. 4-26 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis The results of the East Kalispell TR-20 computer modeling for the existing and post- developed conditions in the drainage basin are indicated in Table 4.4.2e-2 and Table 4.4.2e-3, respectively. The differences between the existing and post-developed 100- year runoff estimation is shown in Table 4.4.2e-4. Table 4.4.2e-2: East Kalispell Existing 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 132 0.99 634 72 2.999 62.38 0.807 42.61 Total 0.99 634 Total 42.61 Table 4.4.2e-3: East Kalispell Post-Developed 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff VolumeBasin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 132 0.99 634 76 2.999 86.60 1.013 53.49 Total 0.99 634 Total 53.49 Table 4.4.2e-4: East Kalispell Difference in 100-year Runoff Existing Post-Developed Difference Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Basin (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) 132 62.38 42.61 86.60 53.49 24.22 10.88 Total 42.61 Total 53.49 Total 10.88 4.4.2e.2 East Kalispell Study Area Storm Water Runoff Quantity Control Recommendations Based on the topography of the East Kalispell study area and existing drainage conveyances, it is recommended that a regional detention pond be used to control post- developed runoff for basin 132 as shown in Figure 4.4.2e-1. In general, the proposed regional detention pond (DP) would be located along a major storm conveyance and the outlet from the basin would discharge to the major conveyance. For storage calculation, the 100-year, 24-hour storm would be used. The storm water detention pond would be sized to store the difference between the existing and post-development 100-year 24-hour volume. A low-level outlet structure would be provided with a discharge rate no greater March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-27 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis than the 100-year peak for existing conditions. An overflow spillway or structure would be provided to release the 100-year, 24-hour peak discharge rate for the post-development condition. Because of the existing level of development in basin 132, potential detention pond locations are limited. Topography also limits the potential locations for a detention pond facility. The probable construction cost shown in Table 4.4.2e-5 for this proposed regional detention pond is based on the difference in 100-year volume and a maximum pond depth of 3-feet. The detailed cost estimate for the pond is included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. The capital improvement cost summary does not include the costs necessary to acquire easements for the existing natural drainage ways. The City of Kalispell has indicated that the preservation of these drainage ways would be completed through the planning and permitting requirements of future developments in the drainage basin. Based on the TR- 20 analysis described in Section 4.2 and listed in Table 4.4.2e-1, the total length of drainage ways from the basin divides to the outlet for the East Kalispell Study Area is approximately 12,930 feet or 2.45 miles. Table 4.4.2e-5: East Kalispell Facility Probable Cost Summary Facility ID 100 -year Volume (acre-ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Discharge Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter (inches) Proposed Regional Pond Probable Cost Total Probable Cost DP-132 10.88 3.6 62.38 48 $1,217,000 $1,217,000 Total 10.88 3.6 Total $1,217,000 $1,217,000 DP: Proposed Regional Detention Pond with Outlet 4.4.2f South Kalispell Study Area The South Kalispell catchment consists of the project study area south of the City of Kalispell. U.S. Highway 93 alignment passes through the study area. The study area as shown in Figure 4.4.2f-1 is approximately 7,686 acres or 12 square miles and consists of primarily urban developed subdivisions south of the Kalispell City limits. The Flathead River flows from north to south along the east study area boundary. The FEMA Flood Insurance Study (FIS) 16 detailed floodplain mapping has been completed on the Flathead River along the east study area boundary of the City of Kalispell. 16 Flood Insurance Study, Flathead County MT, Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Community Number 300023, 1985. 4-28 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis 4.4.2f.1 South Kalispell Storm Water Runoff Estimation and Critical Drainage Way Identification The South Kalispell study area was delineated into twelve drainage basins based on the topographic mapping from the City of Kalispell and USGS quadrangle mapping of the study area. The hydraulic and hydrologic parameters of each drainage basin are shown in Table 4.4.2f-1. Table 4.4.2f-1: South Kalispell Catchment Drainage Basins Area CN Y L S tL Tc Basin ID (ft2) (mi2) (acre) Existing Post (%) (ft) (-) (hrs) (hrs) 130 41,525,990 1.5 953 68 70 16.66 9,502 4.782 0.670 1.117 131 29,206,454 1.0 670 68 73 0.96 5,363 4.796 1.773 2.956 133 32,842,790 1.2 754 65 67 18.14 4,907 5.401 0.406 0.677 134 22,302,003 0.8 512 69 74 4.50 4,488 4.464 0.680 1.133 135 11,998,998 0.4 275 67 73 0.60 4,545 4.993 2.005 3.342 136 75,873,394 2.7 1,742 65 69 13.48 7,641 5.271 0.662 1.104 137 40,640,104 1.5 933 66 72 0.91 8,370 5.065 2.682 4.470 149 8,417,622 0.3 193 67 71 1.03 1,404 4.868 0.590 0.983 150 16,628,316 0.6 382 72 73 2.31 3,293 3.905 0.687 1.145 154 9,566,149 0.3 220 64 71 0.77 4,368 5.507 1.820 3.033 155 19,320,751 0.7 444 67 74 0.29 3,892 4.816 2.496 4.159 156 26,371,447 0.9 605 67 71 1.29 12,164 4.833 2.955 4.925 Total 334,694,018 12.0 7,686 Total 69,937 CN: SCS Runoff Curve Number Y: Average Slope of watershead basin (%) L: Length to basin divide or longest flow path (feet) tL: Lag Time (hrs) S: Potential maximum retention (unit less) Tc: Time of concentration (hrs) The results of the South Kalispell TR-20 computer modeling for the existing and post- developed conditions in each of the twelve drainage basins are shown in Table 4.4.2f-2 and Table 4.4.2f-3, respectively. The differences between the existing and post- developed 100-year runoff estimation is shown in Table 4.4.2f-4. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-29 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2f-2: South Kalispell Existing 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 130 1.5 954 68 1.117 104.89 0.626 49.75 131 1.1 672 68 2.956 45.53 0.625 35.00 133 1.2 755 65 0.677 68.91 0.506 31.84 134 0.8 512 69 1.133 63.26 0.669 28.54 135 0.4 275 67 3.343 16.00 0.580 13.30 136 2.7 1,741 65 1.107 126.27 0.506 73.40 137 1.5 934 66 4.489 43.94 0.543 42.28 149 0.3 192 67 0.983 19.79 0.583 9.33 150 0.6 384 72 1.145 65.61 0.807 25.82 154 0.3 218 64 3.033 9.37 0.464 8.41 155 0.7 442 67 4.159 23.58 0.582 21.42 156 1.0 608 67 4.925 30.39 0.582 29.49 Total 12.0 7,686 Total 368.59 Table 4.4.2f-3: South Kalispell Post-Development 100-year Runoff Input Output Basin Area Basin Area TC Qpeak Runoff Depth Runoff Volume Basin (sq. miles) (acres) CN (hrs) (cfs) (inches) (acre-ft) 130 1.5 954 70 1.117 133.44 0.714 56.74 131 1.1 672 73 2.956 72.76 0.856 47.94 133 1.2 755 67 0.677 94.63 0.585 36.82 134 0.8 512 74 1.133 106.31 0.907 38.70 135 0.4 275 73 3.343 27.87 0.853 19.56 136 2.7 1,741 69 1.107 217.89 0.669 97.05 137 1.5 934 71 4.489 69.43 0.759 59.10 149 0.3 192 71 0.983 32.27 0.758 12.13 150 0.6 384 73 1.145 72.31 0.856 27.39 154 0.3 218 71 3.033 19.50 0.755 13.69 155 0.7 442 74 4.159 43.24 0.905 33.30 156 1.0 608 71 4.925 43.30 0.758 38.41 Total 12.0 7,686 Total 480.82 4-30 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.2f-4: South Kalispell Difference in 100-year Runoff Existing Post-Developed Difference Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Q Runoff Volume Basin (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) (cfs) (acre-ft) 130* 104.89 49.75 133.44 56.74 28.55 6.99 131* 45.53 35.00 72.76 47.94 27.23 12.94 133* 68.91 31.84 94.63 36.82 25.72 4.97 134* 63.26 28.54 106.31 38.70 43.05 10.15 135* 16.00 13.30 27.87 19.56 11.87 6.26 136** 126.27 73.40 217.89 97.05 91.62 23.65 137** 43.94 42.28 69.43 59.10 25.49 16.82 149 19.79 9.33 32.27 12.13 12.48 2.80 150 65.61 25.82 72.31 27.39 6.70 1.57 154 9.37 8.41 19.50 13.69 10.13 5.28 155 23.58 21.42 43.24 33.30 19.66 11.89 156** 30.39 29.49 43.30 38.41 12.91 8.92 Total 368.59 Total 480.82 Total 112.23 * Basins with potential regional detention ponds. ** Closed basins. 4.4.2f.2 South Kalispell Study Area Storm Water Runoff Quantity Control Recommendations Based on the topography of the South Kalispell study area and existing drainage conveyances, it is recommended that a regional detention ponds be used to control post- developed runoff in basins 130, 131, 133, 134 and 135 as shown in Figure 4.4.2f-1. In general, the proposed regional detention ponds (DP) would be located along a major storm water conveyance and the outlet would discharge to the conveyance. For storage calculations, the 100-year, 24-hour storm would be used. The storm water detention pond would be sized to store the difference between the existing and post-development 100-year, 24-hour volume. A low-level outlet structure would be provided with a discharge rate no greater than the 100-year peak for existing conditions. An overflow spillway or structure would be provided to release the 100-year, 24-hour peak discharge rate for the post-development condition. The probable construction cost shown in Table 4.4.2f-5 for these proposed regional detention ponds is based on the difference in 100-year volume and a maximum depth of 3-feet. Detailed cost estimates for the ponds are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. The topography of basins 136, 137 and 156 does not include major conveyances that can be used to discharge storm water from the basin. These basins are closed basins (CB) and would not have detention ponds with an outlet. In lieu of the detention pond facility it is proposed that a drainage easement be provided for the area at the low point of the basin to March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-31 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis pond and collect storm water. These basins could serve as enhanced or future wetlands to mitigate existing wetland impacts and they could also provide storm water treatment from future developments in the drainage basin. The probable construction cost listed in Table 4.4.2f-5 for these proposed closed basins is based on the total 100-year post-development volume and a maximum basin depth of 5-feet. Detailed cost estimates for the basins are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. The capital improvement cost summary does not include the costs necessary to acquire easements for the existing natural drainage ways. The City of Kalispell has indicated that the preservation of these drainage ways would be completed through the planning and permitting requirements of future developments in the drainage basin. Based on the TR- 20 analysis described in Section 4.2 and listed in Table 4.4.2f-1, the total length of drainage ways from the basin divides to the outlet for the South Kalispell Study Area is approximately 69,937 feet or 13.25 miles. Table 4.4.2f-5: South Kalispell Facility Probable Cost Summary Facility ID 100 - year Volume (acre- ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Discharge Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter (inches) Estimated Regional DP Cost Estimated Closed Basin Cost Estimated SWMP Cost Total Probable Cost DP-130 6.99 2.3 104.89 60 $1,417,000 $0 $0 $1,417,000 DP-131 12.94 4.3 45.53 42 $1,124,000 $0 $0 $1,124,000 DP-133 4.97 1.7 68.91 48 $846,000 $0 $0 $846,000 DP-134 10.15 3.4 63.26 48 $1,171,000 $0 $0 $1,171,000 DP-135 6.26 2.1 16.00 24 $572,000 $0 $0 $572,000 CB-136A/B 97.05 19.4 n/a n/a $0 $4,884,000 $0 $4,884,000 CB-137 59.10 11.8 n/a n/a $0 $2,974,000 $0 $2,974,000 SWMP-149 2.80 0.9 19.79 24 $0 $0 $353,000 $353,000 SWMP-150 1.57 0.5 65.61 48 $0 $0 $632,000 $632,000 SWMP-154 5.28 1.8 9.37 24 $0 $0 $510,000 $510,000 SWMP-155 11.89 4.0 23.58 36 $0 $0 $1,018,000 $1,018,000 CB-156 38.41 7.7 n/a n/a $0 $1,933,000 $0 $1,933,000 Total 257.41 59.9 Total $5,130,000 $9,791,000 $2,513,000 $17,434,000 DP: Proposed Regional Detention Pond with Outlet CB: Proposed Regional Closed Basin with no Outlet SWMP: Storm Water Management Ponds for Future Developments Basins 149, 150, 154 and 155 are located along Ashley Creek and the Flathead River. These basins do not have well established existing drainage conveyances and generally have a sheet flow runoff pattern towards the creek and river. Regional detention ponds are not feasible for these drainage basins. Therefore, site-specific storm water 4-32 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-33 management ponds (SWMP) to control the 100-year runoff would need to be incorporated into the design of future developments. The probable cost summary listed in Table 5.4.2f-5 for these storm water management ponds are based on the 100-year volume and a maximum depth of 3-feet. Detailed cost estimates for the ponds are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. 4.4.3 Storm Water Collection, Detention and Discharge System Expansion Analysis Probable Cost Summary This section of the Facility Plan summarizes the Storm Water Capital Improvements probable costs estimates for the for the 62.6 square miles or 40,429 acres study area including: a) East Whitefish River, b) North Kalispell, c) West Stillwater River, d) West Kalispell, e) East Kalispell and f) South Kalispell as shown in Figure 4.2-1. The probable cost summary for the storm water ponds is summarized in Table 4.4.3-1. A total of 36 regional detention ponds, 10 regional closed basins, and 16 drainage basins with storm water management ponds to be included as part of future developments are listed in the Table 4.4.3-1. The probable cost summary for the regional detention ponds (DP) and Storm Water Management Ponds (SWMP) are based on the difference in runoff between existing and post-developed conditions of the 100-year 24-hour volume and a maximum depth of 3-feet. The probable cost summaries for the closed basins (CB) are based on the total post-developed 100-year 24-hour runoff and a maximum depth of 5- feet. Three of the proposed detention pond outlets would be located adjacent to existing roads or upstream of existing developments and do not have access to major drainage ways to discharge storm water from the ponds to downstream conveyances. Outlet piping would be required for these detention ponds and the probable cost summary for these proposed conveyance outlet pipelines is summarized in Table 4.4.3-2. 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.3-1: Storm Water Pond Capital Improvement Summary Pond ID 100 -year Volume (acre-ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Discharge Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter (inches) Estimated DP Cost Estimated CB Cost Estimated SWMP Cost Total Estimate Cost DP-100A 13.85 4.6 48.66 42 $1,182,000 $0 $0 $1,182,000 DP-100B 13.85 4.6 24.33 36 $1,133,000 $0 $0 $1,133,000 DP-101 6.93 2.3 12.44 24 $613,000 $0 $0 $613,000 DP-102 5.51 1.8 56.88 48 $880,000 $0 $0 $880,000 DP-103 21.72 7.2 54.22 48 $1,898,000 $0 $0 $1,898,000 DP-104 14.28 4.8 9.08 18 $1,066,000 $0 $0 $1,066,000 DP-105 15.16 5.1 6.95 18 $1,112,000 $0 $0 $1,112,000 DP-106 4.21 1.4 9.89 24 $442,000 $0 $0 $442,000 DP-107 1.43 0.5 16.08 24 $268,000 $0 $0 $268,000 DP-108 24.98 8.3 39.94 42 $1,881,000 $0 $0 $1,881,000 DP-109 13.19 4.4 17.98 36 $1,091,000 $0 $0 $1,091,000 CB-110 66.65 13.3 n/a n/a $0 $3,354,000 $0 $3,354,000 CB-111 115.93 23.2 n/a n/a $0 $5,835,000 $0 $5,835,000 CB-112 32.87 6.6 n/a n/a $0 $1,654,000 $0 $1,654,000 CB-113A-B 28.76 5.8 n/a n/a $0 $1,447,000 $0 $1,447,000 CB-114 31.57 6.3 n/a n/a $0 $1,588,000 $0 $1,588,000 CB-115 7.97 1.6 n/a n/a $0 $401,000 $0 $401,000 DP-116 2.24 0.8 6.63 18 $301,000 $0 $0 $301,000 4-34 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008April 16, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Pond ID 100 -year Volume (acre-ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Discharge Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter Estimated Estimated Estimated Total DP Cost CB Cost SWMP Cost Estimate Cost (inches) DP-117 2.81 0.9 6.07 18 $337,000 $0 $0 $337,000 DP-118 9.88 3.3 9.35 24 $798,000 $0 $0 $798,000 DP-119 7.95 2.7 6.73 18 $660,000 $0 $0 $660,000 DP-120 13.24 4.4 10.58 24 $1,010,000 $0 $0 $1,010,000 DP-121 7.35 2.5 16.26 24 $640,000 $0 $0 $640,000 DP-122 22.76 7.6 28.18 36 $1,693,000 $0 $0 $1,693,000 DP-123 53.57 17.9 58.09 48 $3,900,000 $0 $0 $3,900,000 DP-124 11.88 4.0 20.17 36 $1,009,000 $0 $0 $1,009,000 DP-125 28.57 9.5 56.76 48 $2,329,000 $0 $0 $2,329,000 DP-126 25.61 8.5 42.71 42 $1,921,000 $0 $0 $1,921,000 DP-127 11.54 3.9 20.04 24 $903,000 $0 $0 $903,000 DP-128 11.55 3.9 32.98 48 $988,000 $0 $0 $988,000 DP-129 16.58 5.5 100.46 60 $2,020,000 $0 $0 $2,020,000 DP-130 6.99 2.3 104.89 60 $1,417,000 $0 $0 $1,417,000 DP-131 12.94 4.3 45.53 42 $1,124,000 $0 $0 $1,124,000 DP-132 10.88 3.6 62.38 48 $1,217,000 $0 $0 $1,217,000 DP-133 4.97 1.7 68.91 48 $846,000 $0 $0 $846,000 DP-134 10.15 3.4 63.26 48 $1,171,000 $0 $0 $1,171,000 DP-135 6.26 2.1 16.00 24 $572,000 $0 $0 $572,000 March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-35 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Pond ID 100 -year Volume (acre-ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Discharge Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter Estimated Estimated Estimated Total DP Cost CB Cost SWMP Cost Estimate Cost (inches) CB-136 97.05 19.4 n/a n/a $0 $4,884,000 $0 $4,884,000 CB-137 59.10 11.8 n/a n/a $0 $2,974,000 $0 $2,974,000 DP-138 7.54 2.5 51.82 48 $1,007,000 $0 $0 $1,007,000 DP-139 1.52 0.5 22.23 36 $358,000 $0 $0 $358,000 SWMP -140 10.29 3.4 15.81 24 $0 $0 $824,000 $824,000 SWMP -141 9.76 3.3 39.84 42 $0 $0 $924,000 $924,000 SWMP -142 7.41 2.5 18.54 24 $0 $0 $643,000 $643,000 SWMP -143 5.71 1.9 31.19 36 $0 $0 $621,000 $621,000 SWMP -144 9.22 3.1 18.44 24 $0 $0 $757,000 $757,000 SWMP -145 6.86 2.3 9.82 18 $0 $0 $591,000 $591,000 SWMP -146 7.35 2.5 26.59 36 $0 $0 $724,000 $724,000 SWMP -147 10.51 3.5 63.74 48 $0 $0 $1,194,000 $1,194,000 SWMP -148 8.71 2.9 40.46 42 $0 $0 $858,000 $858,000 SWMP -149 2.80 0.9 19.79 24 $0 $0 $353,000 $353,000 SWMP -150 1.57 0.5 65.61 48 $0 $0 $632,000 $632,000 SWMP -151 6.57 2.2 10.96 24 $0 $0 $591,000 $591,000 SWMP -152 3.38 1.1 13.73 24 $0 $0 $391,000 $391,000 SWMP -153 21.18 7.1 34.33 36 $0 $0 $1,593,000 $1,593,000 SWMP-154 5.28 1.8 9.37 24 $0 $0 $510,000 $510,000 4-36 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008April 16, 2008 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 4-37 Pond ID 100 -year Volume (acre-ft) Pond Area (acres) 100-year Peak Discharge Rate (cfs) Outlet Pipe Diameter (inches) Estimated DP Cost Estimated CB Cost Estimated SWMP Cost Total Estimate Cost SWMP -155 11.89 4.0 23.58 36 $0 $0 $1,018,000 $1,018,000 CB-156 38.41 7.7 n/a n/a $0 $1,933,000 $0 $1,933,000 DP-157 2.62 0.9 38.55 42 $467,000 $0 $0 $467,000 DP-158 6.17 2.1 31.57 36 $690,000 $0 $0 $690,000 DP-159 4.45 1.5 25.00 36 $582,000 $0 $0 $582,000 Total 1041.93 283.5 Total $39,526,000 $24,070,000 $12,224,000 $75,820,000 DP: Proposed Regional Detention Pond with Outlet CB: Proposed Regional Closed Basin with no Outlet SWMP: Storm Water Management Ponds for Future Developments 4.0 Storm Water Major Conveyance, Detention and Discharge Analysis Table 4.4.3-2: Storm Water Conveyance Outlet Pipeline Capital Improvement Summary Conveyance Outlet Pipeline Pipeline Length (feet) Easement Area (acres) 100-year Peak Dischage Rate (cfs) Pipe Diameter (inches) Total Estimated Cost COP-118 3,500 2.41 9.35 24 $3,275,000 COP-119 1,500 1.03 6.73 24 $1,637,000 COP-124 3,300 2.27 20.17 36 $4,405,000 Total 8,300 5.71 Total $9,317,000 Table 4.4.3-3: Storm Water Capital Improvement Summary Facility Total Estimated Cost Detention Pond (DP) $39,526,000 Closed Basin (CB) $24,070,000 Storm Water Management Pond (SWMP) $12,224,000 Conveyance Outlet Pipeline (COP) $9,317,000 Total $85,137,000 4-38 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 5.0 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan 5.0 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan 5.1 Introduction This section of the Facility Plan summarizes the Capital Improvements recommended in the City of Kalispell 2007 Storm Water Facility Plan Update. Recommendations include the program prioritization and design guidelines for the regional detention ponds, closed basins, and conveyance outlet pipelines storm water facilities. This section of the facility plan also estimates the cost of recommended improvements and discusses growth versus renewal and replacement costs associated with recommended capital projects. 5.2 Capital Improvement Program Prioritization The storm water capital improvements listed in Tables 4.4.3-1 and Table 4.4.3-2 would be prioritized based on the growth rate and location of future developments in the study area. The initial step for the City of Kalispell and Flathead County would be to develop a prioritization plan for the storm water infrastructure recommended in the 2007 Storm Water Facility Plan Update. This step would include developing a funding plan to acquire the properties for the planning and construction of the regional detention ponds (DP) and the perpetuation of the closed basins (CB). Table 5.2-1 is a summary of the number of proposed regional DP and CB for each study sub-area in the Storm Water Facility Plan Update. Prioritization of property acquisition for regional DP closer to the City Limits or where there is known development activity is recommended since initial future developments will more likely occur closer to the City Limits and/or these areas first and then progress further away. Table 5.2-1 also summarizes the number of drainage basins that would require storm water management ponds (SWMP) in each study sub-area. These ponds would be incorporated into the design of future developments since the basins do not have well established existing drainage conveyances and generally have a sheet flow runoff pattern towards a creek or river. Therefore, site-specific SWMP to control the 100-year runoff would be required for future developments in these basins. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 5-1 5.0 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan Table 5.2-1: Detention Pond, Closed Basin and SWMP Summary Study Sub-Area Detention Ponds (DP) Closed Basins (CB) Drainage Basins with Storm Water Management Ponds (SWMP) East Whitefish River 6 0 4 North Kalispell 9 0 3 West Stillwater River 4 3 3 West Kalispell 10 3 2 East Kalispell 1 0 0 South Kalispell 5 3 4 Total 35 9 16 As noted in Section 4 of the 2007 Storm Water Facility Plan Update, the capital improvement costs to acquire the properties for the existing natural drainage ways was not included in the construction cost estimates since the City plans to preserve these drainage ways as part of the planning and permitting phases of future developments. It is important that the City and County preserve these existing drainage ways since they serve as the primary storm water conveyances for the study area. Existing drainage ways will become more significant as storm water runoff volumes and rates increase as future development occurs in the study area. 5.3 Capital Improvement Recommendations 5.3.1 Regional Detention Ponds (DP) Facilities: The principal storm water management facility that the 2007 Storm Water Facility Plan Update recommends are the regional detention pond facilities. These facilities offer an economic benefit to storm water management since they also provide a best management practice (BMP) for water quality and quantity benefits. Benefits of regional detention ponds include: ƒ Focused application for water quality protection and fewer smaller ponds for city staff to maintain and manage. ƒ The City is responsible for the design of the ponds so water quality and quantity will benefit the City. ƒ Reduces the design review of future developments for the City since the regional detention ponds will be built and function in accordance with City standards and requirements. 5-2 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 5.0 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan ƒ Larger ponds are more efficient at providing storage volumes per area of land versus several smaller ponds that provide the same total storage volume. ƒ Detention ponds are an effective approach for dealing with urban redevelopment where best management practices (BMPs) are not available or limited. Drawbacks of regional detention ponds include: ƒ Regional ponds require one larger land area that might not be available in some situations. ƒ Regional ponds may present a potential hazard or liability concern. ƒ Reduced flexibility for dealing with site specific water quality issues related to a specific development or regional detention pond site. ƒ City will likely front a good portion of the initial cost burden for development of regional ponds in order for upstream developments to proceed. ƒ Potential for degradation of open channels and riparian systems between regional ponds, particularly in the upper headwaters due to increased urban runoff volumes. ƒ Majority of regional ponds will more likely become in-stream channel ponds versus off-stream ponds which may limit design options for water quality protection. ƒ City may need to develop a policy to credit back developments that will need to develop their site specific Storm Water Management Ponds (SWMP) since they will not use regional ponds. 5.3.2 Detention Pond (DP) and Storm Water Management Pond (SWMP) Facility Design Guidelines: The recommended typical regional detention pond (DP) and Storm Water Management Pond (SWMP) facility design schematic is shown in Figure 5.3-1. As the schematic shows, the DP and SWMP would range in depth from 3 to 5 feet and have a wedge shape with a minimum length to width ratio of 1.5:1. This shape provides a more effective distance for suspended solids to settling out into the pond prior to discharging. A minimum 4 horizontal to 1 vertical slope would be provided around the inside perimeter March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 5-3 5.0 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan of the pond from the high water mark for safety and access into and out of the pond. Additionally, a low-flow channel would be graded through the pond bottom to convey storm water through the ponds and to the outlet structure. The pond outlet structure would have a principal spillway with the overall capacity sized to discharge the post-developed storm event with release rates through the outlet limited to the 100-year existing peak discharge rate. Additional orifices or outlets in the riser would be sized to limit the 10-year and 50-year post-developed storm event peak discharge rates to the respective existing storm peak discharge rates. The low-level orifice would be sized for routing of the 2-year post-developed storm event with a release rate limited to the 2-year existing storm event. The outlet would have a rip-rip lined stilling basin to provide for scour protection at the outfall. Design of the dam embankment would include a geotechnical evaluation to ensure that the soils and embankment design would be stable to handle a rapid rise of water level and drain down after a storm event. To provide vehicular access across the embankment, a minimum 12-foot wide top width would be provided and the side slopes would be at a 3 horizontal to 1 vertical slope. An emergency spillway with 3-foot freeboard would be provided to protect the embankment from overtopping during a flood event or if the outlet structure became plugged or unusable. It is recommended that a mimum12-foot wide access road be provided to the pond for the maintenance and removal of sediment deposition. Sediment may need to be removed after flood events to maintain the required capacity of the pond. 5.3.3 Regional Facility Volume Management: Since the detention facility volumes are critical for routing post-development flood events, it is recommended that the City of Kalispell develop a storm water accounting procedure to track and manage the pond and basin volumes for each study sub-area. Table 5.3-1 is an example of a table format that could be used to track pond volumes in the West Kalispell study area. The required, existing, and planned future volumes for each facility within the study area would be tracked to establish existing and future balances. A computerized spreadsheet for each of the six study sub-areas including: a) East Whitefish River, b) North Kalispell, c) West Stillwater River, d) West Kalispell, e) East Kalispell and f) South Kalispell would allow for the facility capacities to be updated before/after construction and as part of future City of Kalispell planning efforts. 5-4 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 5.0 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan Table 5.3-1: Example West Kalispell Facility Volume Summary Facility ID Required Volume (acre-ft) Existing Volume (acre-ft) Future Volume (acre-ft) Existing Balance Credit (+), Debit (-) Future Balance Credit (+), Debit (-) CB-110 66.65 66.65 0.00 0.00 0.00 CB-111 115.93 115.93 0.00 0.00 0.00 CB-112 32.87 32.87 0.00 0.00 0.00 DP-122 22.76 3.52 20.25 -19.24 1.01 DP-123 53.57 25.24 29.25 -28.33 0.92 DP-125 28.57 2.35 25.50 -26.22 -0.72 DP-126 25.61 0.95 25.60 -24.66 0.94 DP-127 11.54 1.25 12.50 -10.29 2.21 DP-128 11.55 0.56 8.25 -10.99 -2.74 DP-138 7.54 0.25 6.52 -7.29 -0.77 DP-139 1.52 0.00 0.50 -1.52 -1.02 SWMP-147 10.51 0.45 9.52 -10.06 -0.54 SWMP-148 8.71 0.35 9.53 -8.36 1.17 SWMP-158 6.17 0.22 6.25 -5.95 0.30 SWMP-159 4.45 0.25 4.52 -4.20 0.32 TOTALS 407.95 250.84 158.19 -157.10 1.09 DP: Proposed Regional Detention Pond with Outlet CB: Proposed Regional Closed Basin with no Outlet SWMP: Storm Water Management Ponds for Future Developments 5.3.4 Closed Basin (CB) Facilities: The Facility Plan Update recommends acquiring drainage easement areas for a total of nine closed basin facilities as shown in Figures 4.4.2c-1, 4-4.2d-1 and 4.4.2f-1. These facilities lie in the West Stillwater, West Kalispell and South Kalispell study areas and are summarized in Table 5.3-2. Because a detention pond (DP) facility with an outlet is not feasible in these areas, a closed basin (CB) is recommended which would require the acquisition of a drainage easement for each pond to collect and store storm water at the 100-year level. CB’s could serve as enhanced or future wetlands to mitigate existing wetland impacts and they could also provide storm water treatment for future developments in the drainage basins. The proposed CB sizes are based on the total 100-year post-development volume with a maximum basin depth of 5-feet. It is recommended that a site-specific freeboard analysis be used for each closed basin and that a minimum freeboard of 3-feet be maintained to protect surrounding properties and developments. A 4 horizontal to 1 vertical inside slope is recommended around the perimeter of the basins from the high water mark for safety and access into and out of the basins. It is also recommended that a mimum12-foot wide access road be provided to the basins for the maintenance and removal of sediment March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 5-5 5.0 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan deposition. This sediment may need to be removed after flood events to maintain the required capacity of the basins. Probable cost estimates for the CB’s are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. Table 5.3-2: Closed Basin (CB) Summary Study Sub-Area Closed Basins Basin Volume (acre-ft) Basin area (acre) Estimated Cost CB-113A/B 28.76 5.8 $1,447,000 CB-114 31.57 6.3 $1,588,000West Stillwater River CB-115 7.97 1.6 $401,000 CB-110 66.65 13.3 $3,354,000 CB-111 115.93 23.2 $5,835,000West Kalispell CB-112 32.87 6.6 $1,654,000 CB-136A/B 97.05 19.4 $4,884,000 CB-137 59.1 11.8 $2,974,000South Kalispell CB-156 38.41 7.7 $1,933,000 Total 478.31 95.7 $24,070,000 5.3.5 Conveyance Outlet Pipelines (COP) Facilities The Facility Plan Update recommends three conveyance outlet pipelines (COP) facilities as shown in Figures 4.4.2b-1 and 4.4.2c-1. These facilities lie in the North Kalispell and West Stillwater study areas and are summarized in Table 5.3-3. The existing topography from the proposed DP 118, 119, and 124 does not provide a drainage way to convey storm water from the DP’s to the natural conveyances. Therefore, COP would be necessary from DP’s to convey storm water to the nearest existing drainage way so that the DP discharge would not adversely impact existing properties and/or infrastructure. The required pipeline length was estimated based on the topographic mapping used in the Facility Plan Update. The pipeline size was estimated by using average flow velocity at 5 feet per second for the existing 100-year peak discharge rate. Based on the topographic mapping, it was assumed that the pipelines would be required where open channel flow would not be possible due to adverse grades. The distance of the adverse grades was used to compute the pipeline length. Detailed topographic surveys and engineering design would be required to confirm and modify these assumptions and to prepare the construction documents prior to construction. Probable cost estimates for the pipeline construction are included in the Appendix of Facility Plan Update. 5-6 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 5.0 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan Table 5.3-3: Conveyance Outlet Pipeline (COP) Summary Study Sub-Area Conveyance Outlet Pipeline (COP) Pipeline Length (feet) Pipeline Diameter (inches) Easement Area (acres) Existing 100-year Peak Discharge (cfs) Estimated Cost COP-118 3,500 24 2.41 9.35 $3,275,000North Kalispell COP-119 1,500 24 1.03 6.73 $1,637,000 West Stillwater COP-124 3,300 36 2.27 20.17 $4,405,000 Total 8,300 5.71 Total $9,317,000 5.3.6 Growth versus Renewal and Replacement Costs It is important, in addition to quantifying the cost of capital improvement projects, to identify costs associated with growth versus costs associated with renewal and replacement. Impact fees will be used to cover the cost of growth related projects, however; these funds, by law, cannot be used for renewal and replacement projects. The focus of this update to the City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan was specifically on serving growth and managing growth related storm water runoff. As such the majority of the projects and related costs outlined in this plan are 100% growth related. It will be the responsibility of new development to pay for and implement the recommended improvements. It may be in the best interest of the City of Kalispell to assess impact fees to, at a minimum, acquire lands for closed basin improvements as summarized in Table 5.3-2 and construct conveyance outlet pipelines as summarized in Table 5.3-3. COP-124 is in an area that is experiencing substantial development and impacts to storm water runoff are already being seen along Stillwater Road. This project could be needed within the next 3 to 5 years. It is recommended that the City proceed with design and construction of this project as soon as practical. This project is needed partially due to development that has already occurred in and to the north of Section 36 and partially due to planned development in the area. Detailed analysis of the contribution of flow due to developed acreage vs. the contribution of flow due to acreage associated with planned development will be needed to determine the cost split between growth (impact fees) and existing customers (rates). COP-118 and COP-119 are in an area of extensive planned development. These projects will most likely be needed n the 5 to 10 year horizon. It is recommended that the City begin planning for implementing these projects. Similar to COP-124, these projects are needed partially due to development that has already occurred and partially due to planned development. Detailed analysis of the contribution of flow due to developed acreage vs. the contribution of flow due to acreage associated with planned development will be needed to determine the cost split between growth (impact fees) and existing customers (rates). March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 5-7 5.0 Recommendations and Capital Improvements Plan 5-8 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 Of the $24 million estimated for closed basin improvements, approximately $8.1 million is estimated for acquisition of land. It is recommended that the City plan for acquiring these lands over the 20-year planning horizon. Table 5.3-4 summarizes the recommended capital improvements by year. Table 5.3-4: Capital Improvement Summary Estimated Cost Project Number Project Description FY 08-09 FY 09-10 FY 10-11 FY 11-12 FY 12-13 Future 1 Spring Creek Drainage Improvements $170,000 $680,000 2 Willow Glen Drainage Improvements $170,000 $680,000 3 COP-1241 (Stillwater Road Drainage Improvements) $500,000 $1,952,500 $1,952,500 4 COP-1181 $500,000 $2,775,000 5 COP-1191 $400,000 $1,237,000 6 Closed Basin Land Acquisition $406,500 $406,500 $406,500 $406,500 $406,500 $6,067,500 Total3 $1,246,500 $4,219,000 $5,134,000 $806,500 $1,643,500 $6,067,500 1 Total project cost spread over multiple years to allow for planning, preliminary, and final design. 2 All costs are in 2007 dollars. Estimates should be escalated to the mid-point of construction for budgeting purposes. 6.0 Financial Plan 6.0 Financial Plan 6.1 Introduction The effective implementation of a comprehensive storm water plan is dependent upon developing a financial plan which can be supported by the utility, will meet State and local regulatory requirements, and provides the flexibility to deal with unforeseen changes. This section of the comprehensive plan discusses the financial plan developed for the City’s storm water utility. This chapter presents a financial plan which reviews the sources of funds (revenues) and applications of funds (expenses) for the City storm water utility. The financial plan includes projected operating and capital costs of the system for the five-year projected period of fiscal year (FY) 2009 - 2013. The basis of the operating costs is the fiscal year (FY) 2008 storm water system budget. The capital improvement plan (CIP) contained within this financial plan utilizes the capital plan developed in this comprehensive storm water plan and additional City CIP projects from the City’s CIP and the previous Storm Water Comprehensive Plan. The results of the financial plan will outline the annual operating and capital needs of the storm water system and determine if the current storm water revenues are sufficient to cover those costs. The intent of this financial plan is to determine the relative financial and rate impacts to the City from the proposed capital improvement projects. The financial plan considers what level of rate adjustments may be necessary to support the storm water operations and capital improvement plan. This analysis should not be considered a comprehensive rate study since it did not address the typical rate study issues of cost of service and rate design. The City plans to conduct a comprehensive rate study in the near future, which will provide a more detailed rate analysis to support any needed rate adjustments to implement the comprehensive storm sewer plan. 6.2 Overview of the Financial Planning Process In analyzing the City’s costs associated with their storm water utility, a financial/rate setting framework was utilized. This financial rate setting framework is referred to as the “cash basis” approach. Table 6-1 provides an overview of the “cash basis” approach. Under this approach, there are four financial components that should be included as a part of the City’s storm water rates or revenue requirements. These are: • Operation and maintenance (O&M) expenses and transfers March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 6-1 • Debt service • Capital projects funded from rates • Working Capital These components, when added together, comprise the City’s storm water revenue requirements or the total amount of expenses incurred to operate the storm water utility as a whole. In addition to this, the method that is used to fund and finance capital projects has a direct impact upon the City’s storm water rates. As the bottom box of Table 6-1 details, capital projects may be funded or financed in a number of different ways. Among these financing and funding mechanisms are long-term debt (revenue bonds or low-interest loans), grants, capital reserves, impact fees and rates. While this is not intended to be a comprehensive listing of potential funding or financing sources for capital infrastructure projects, it does provide a better understanding of the multiple sources of financing and funding that may be available. From a prudent financial planning perspective, the City should be funding from rates an amount equal to or greater than the annual depreciation expense of the storm water utility. This level of funding should, in part, enable the City to maintain the existing infrastructure in use by the utility. Depreciation expense is simply used as a “yardstick” of the adequate level of funding. Replacement cost of infrastructure is typically higher than the original cost of the item. Table 6-1. Overview of the Financial/Rate Framework + O&M Expenses and Transfers + Working Capital + Debt Service (P&I) + Capital Projects Funded from Rates + Total Capital Projects – Revenue Bonds (Bond Proceeds) – Grants – Customer Contributions (e.g. IF’s) = Capital Projects Funded from Rates = Total Revenue Requirements – Miscellaneous Revenues = Balance Required from Rates (i + Term) (≥Annual Depreciation) + O&M Expenses and Transfers + Working Capital + Debt Service (P&I) + Capital Projects Funded from Rates + Total Capital Projects – Revenue Bonds (Bond Proceeds) – Grants – Customer Contributions (e.g. IF’s) = Capital Projects Funded from Rates = Total Revenue Requirements – Miscellaneous Revenues = Balance Required from Rates (i + Term) (≥Annual Depreciation) In the end, the financial plan should balance the funding and financing sources for the capital projects such that it helps to minimize storm water rates to customers over time. 6-2 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 6.0 Financial Plan 6.3 Past Financial History The City completed a comprehensive water, wastewater and storm water rate study in 2003. For the storm water utility the City approved a proposed five year rate adjustment program for 2004 through 2008. The storm water rates were adjusted 11.5% each year through 2008, even though the financial plan forecasted a needed 20% increase for both 2007 and 2008. There were no changes to the structure of the storm water rates. The storm water rate adjustment plan was cost-based and was developed using “generally-accepted” rate making methods and principles. In the summary of the financial projections shown later in Table 6-4, 2007 is shown to provide historical perspective. 6.4 Development of the Financial Plan The development of the five-year financial plan is intended to demonstrate the City’s ability to meet its operating and capital improvement needs, while maintaining sufficient rate levels to support those needs. As previously stated, the financial plan was developed to review the projected revenues and expenses of the storm water system for FY 2009-2013. In developing the financial forecast, four cost components were reviewed: operation and maintenance (O&M) expenses (including taxes and transfers), capital improvements funded from rates, debt service and working capital needs. The City does not incur state taxes for Montana. The City’s FY 2008 storm water system budget was used as a starting point. Projections for future years were obtained by applying annual escalation factors. The escalation factors ranged from one percent to six percent depending on the type of cost being escalated. Utilities (electric, natural gas) were escalated at six percent due to the sharp increase the industry is experiencing. Impact Fee (IFs) revenues were based on the growth projections for the test period. The first component of the financial plan reviews the sources of funds of the storm water system. There are two primary types of revenues received from operations: • Rate revenues – received from storm water service to customers, and • Miscellaneous revenues – received from investment interest, and other miscellaneous revenue. The storm water rate revenue was based on budgeted information in the 2008 budget. The retail rates were adjusted 11.5% in 2008 (budget year) from the 2003 rate study. Rate revenues are projected to be $615,000 in FY 2008 and increase to $713,000 in FY 2013. Revenue growth was estimated to be three percent a year. Miscellaneous revenue is $72,000 in 2008 and decrease to March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 6-3 $15,000 in 2013 due to the decrease in interest income due to depletion of cash reserves. The total revenue, available to offset the operating and capital needs of the storm water system, is projected to be $687,000 in FY 2008 and increase to $728,000 by FY 2013. The second part of the financial plan is a review of the applications of funds or expenses of the utility, or the utility expenses. Applications of funds include operating & maintenance expenses, capital improvement projects funded from rates, debt service, and working capital. These costs are summarized below. Operation & Maintenance Expenses – The FY 2008 budget was used as a starting point for the O&M expense for the storm water utility. Escalation factors were applied to various costs (salary, benefits, supplies, other expenses) for FY 2008 to obtain projected costs. O&M expenses ranged from $589,000 in FY 2008 to $627,000 in FY 2013. Debt Service – There are currently no outstanding bond issues for the storm water utility. The City anticipates new bond issues and low-interest loans during the projected period of 2008 to 2013 to assist in funding the capital projects identified within this plan. These issues will be from State Revolving Fund (SRF) loans estimated to be $4.4 million dollars and $4.5 million in revenue bonds over the test period. The total debt service through 2013 will be approximately $672,000 per year. Impact fee revenues are used to offset the growth related bond debt service payments. The City, based on policy, does not allow more than fifty percent of the impact revenues to be used to offset the debt service payments. This protects the ability of the City to make debt payments in the event of an economic down turn, with reduced growth. Net debt service payments are $437,000 in 2013. Capital Improvement Projects from Rates - Capital improvement projects are related to the infrastructure to maintain and expand service. Capital improvement projects are ongoing and can generally be divided into three types or categories. These categories are projects related to renewal and replacements, regulatory requirements, and growth-related facilities. Renewal and replacements are, as the name suggests, the replacement of existing and worn out (depreciated) facilities. Growth related facilities, on the other hand, are those related to system expansion, system upgrades and new customers. Regulatory requirements also drive the need for some capital improvements. The analysis developed herein assumes the City is funding capital projects from rates in an amount equal to or greater than the annual depreciation expense for the storm water utility. This amount is recommended as a minimum level to fund renewals and replacements at least at the level of annual depreciation expense. 6-4 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 6.0 Financial Plan Since actual replacement costs are much higher than depreciation expense, it is always prudent if funding for capital from rates can be higher than the level of depreciation in any given year. The storm water utility’s total plant depreciation was $180,000 in 2006. The projected test period shows $180,000 capital improvements from rates in 2009 and increasing $190,000 in 2013. Over time, the City should attempt to increase this level of funding from rates in order to keep pace with depreciation expense as the system is expanded. This study has incorporated the capital projects outlined in this comprehensive plan section as part of this financial plan. Capital project costs for the five-year plan (2009-2013) are approximately $17.5 million. The funding for these projects is provided from $1.0 million from rates, $4.4 million from SRF loans, $4.5 million from revenue bonds, $6.0 million from developers, and $1.5 million from capital reserves and impact fees for the five-year period. For renewal and replacement type activities the general approach to funding them is that each year a specific amount of funds are transferred to a reserve fund. These funds will then be used to fund specific projects in the capital improvement plan. If these funds are not used (during the year) the funds will remain in the capital reserve fund and be used for future capital project funding. In this way, rates are used to fund the capital projects in future years. All capital will be funded through a mix of funding sources (e.g. loans, bonds, existing reserves, and impact fees, etc.). A summary of the capital improvement projects planned and their funding sources is presented below in Table 6-2. Table 6-2. Summary of Storm Sewer Capital Improvement Projects ($000) FY 08/09 FY 09/10 FY 10/11 FY 11/12 FY 12/13 Capital Outlays Comp. Plan CIP Northridge Heights Storm Drainage $875 $0 $0 $0 $0 Southeast Storm Drainage 0 0 1,286 0 0 Liberty Street Storm Drainage 0 142 0 0 0 2-Mile/3-Mile Dr. Spring Cr. Deten. 0 150 0 0 0 Total Comp. Plan CIP $875 $292 $1,286 $0 $0 Capital Improvement Plan Spring Cr. Reroute/Lower Spring Creek Overflow Constr. $170 $750 $0 $0 $0 Stillwater Road/Willow Glen Drive 170 680 0 0 0 West Stillwater COP-124 500 1,952 1,952 0 0 North Kalispell COP-118 0 500 2,775 0 0 March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 6-5 FY 08/09 FY 09/10 FY 10/11 FY 11/12 FY 12/13 North Kalispell COP-119 0 0 0 400 1,237 CB Land Acquisitions for projects 800 800 800 800 800 Total Capital Improvement Plan $1,640 $4,682 $5,527 $1,200 $2,037 Total CIP $2,515 $4,974 $6,813 $1,200 $2,037 Less: Outside Funding From Designated Capital Reserve $21 $70 $111 $2 $0 From Operating Reserve 0 0 100 0 From Impact Fees 290 227 239 327 224 Developer Contributions 656 1,923 2,211 480 815 SRF Loans 728 1,497 1,272 101 808 Revenue Bonds 640 1,077 2,800 0 0 Total Funding $2,335 $4,794 $6,633 $1,010 $1,847 CIP From Rates $180 $180 $180 $190 $190 The capital projects listed above assume that all projects outlined in the comprehensive plan and the City CIP for the 2009-2013 periods will be completed. The major funding sources for the capital projects are assumed to be a combination of existing cash reserves, impact fee revenue, SRF loans, developer contributions and rates. There are also potentially other funding sources available for capital improvements. These other funding sources are discussed below. There are several important points to mention in the capital funding assumptions. First, this financial plan assumes, with review and direction from City Management, that for projects identified as 80 percent or more related to growth, 40% of those project costs would come from developers as direct contributions. The other 60% would be covered by both impact fees (increasing 100% from current levels) and loan or bond financing. The impact fees would pay down a portion of the growth related debt. Another alternative of assuming 80% developer contributions was analyzed. In that scenario the impact fees would increase 50% above current levels and the annual service charges were also cut in half. It appears, from the results of this alternative scenario, that a more equitable and balanced approach would include two elements: 1) an increase in impact fees between 50 and 100 percent of current fees, which should occur as soon as 6-6 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 6.0 Financial Plan possible, and 2) an assumption of greater than 40% of the growth related facility costs be borne directly by developers. In this way, existing customers are shielded from the impacts of growth related project costs. The City is planning to take a more in-depth look at the level of direct contributions and impact fees over the next several months, and during the rate study. It will be important to ensure that growth is paying its share of the growth related facilities, through both these direct developer contributions and increases in impact fees to cover the balance of costs both directly, and through reduction of growth related debt payments. It should also be noted that for budget FY 07/08 there are $616,000 in capital improvements. The two largest projects are the Lift Station #1 design and replacement for $185,000 and storm drain corrections for $145,000. The funding sources for the 07/08 projects are from cash reserves, $65,000 developer contributions, and $95,000 from impact fees. 6.5 Potential Funding/Financing Sources The discussion above has used the terms funding and financing. For purposes of this report, funding and financing are two different terms. Financing is a method of paying for infrastructure, such as long-term borrowing. Debt service payments on a revenue bond (i.e. the financing method) must be paid from a funding source (e.g. rates, impact fees, etc.). This subsection will discuss the various funding sources and financing methods available to the City. There are a number of different funding sources for the storm water utility that may be available to the City. User Fees/Rates - The most basic funding source available to the City is user charges or rates. For a storm water utility, the rates are typically based upon an equivalent residential unit (ERU) or an impervious surface unit (ISU). An ISU relates to the lot size of the property or the impervious surface area that contributes to storm water runoff. For storm water utilities, the vast majority of funding comes from rates. Impact Fees – Impact fees (IFs), also referred to as system development charges (SDCs), are imposed upon new development as a condition of development. The purpose of IFs is to either reimburse existing customers for the investment made in capacity to support development, or to finance future capital infrastructure projects that create expanded capacity. The City updated these fees in 2007 and is required by Montana state law to review them every two years. With the growth related capital identified both in the City CIP and in this Comprehensive Plan, the fees should be updated as soon as possible to capture the portion new growth owes for the new facilities required to meet their needs. March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 6-7 Other Miscellaneous Funding - In addition to the above funding sources, there are also a variety of other funding sources, but typically of a much lesser extent. These other funding sources may take the form of property taxes, voter approved sales taxes, special fees and charges, and interest earnings on reserves. The storm water utility projects identified as part of the Kalispell Capital Improvement Planning process are generally eligible for financial assistance from the numerous state or federal grant or low interest loan programs. Most grant and loan programs require preparation of a Preliminary Engineering Report to support the proposed project. The City of Kalispell has been successful in the past in obtaining grant and loan assistance for improvements to the wastewater and water systems. A more detailed description of appropriate potential funding programs for storm water follows. Grants - A very limited funding source that may be available is grants. The advantage of grants is that they do not need to be re-paid. Unfortunately, grants have become increasingly rare and for financial planning purposes should not be relied upon as a funding source unless they are already secured. Grant programs usually entail a competitive process of project evaluation which prioritizes public health need, public safety, environmental degradation and financial need. Projects primarily to support new growth do not complete well for grant funding. Among the grant programs are the following: Community Development Block Grant Program (CDBG) - This grant program is administered by the Montana Department of Commerce. All CDBG applications must document that at least 51 percent of the non-administrative funds requested for a CDBG project are clearly designed to meet the needs for low and moderate-income families. The CDBG program has a maximum limit of $500,000 per project. Having a high percentage of low and moderate-income people in the community and the presence of a high potential health threat helps a community compete for a CDBG grant. Good local involvement in the planning process also helps grant competitiveness. Applications are made to this program on an annual basis. Planning grants for engineering and grant preparation expenses are also available from the CDBG Program. Federal State and Tribal Assistance Grant (STAG) - This source of funding is derived from a special line item appropriation from Congress and is typically earmarked for water pollution control projects, although other types of projects have been funded. Application can be submitted annually and generally consist of a simple request to the congressional delegation including a fact sheet regarding project need, costs, readiness to proceed, etc. These grants typically go toward wastewater projects, but if there were a great enough need due to water quality problems, a storm sewer project may qualify. The program is 6-8 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 6.0 Financial Plan administered by the MDEQ, similar to the old EPA Construction Grants program. STAG grants will typically require a non-federal match. One of the challenges of a storm water utility is the limited funding sources that are available, and the ability of the utility to support the use of long-term debt as a means of financing. The relatively small size of the capital projects; along with very low rates, often require a City to finance storm water projects as a combined debt issue (i.e. water/sewer/storm water). While in theory there are a variety of financing sources available, in reality, most are not considered or available. Provided below is a detail of some potential financing sources for the storm water utility. Revenue Bonds – Revenue bonds pledge the revenues of the utility to repay the debt. Revenue bonds are a very viable source of financing for a storm water utility, but are often financed in combination with another utility’s issuance. This is done for two reasons. First, the size of the required capital financing may not make it economically viable to issue debt on a “stand-alone” basis. More importantly, the second reason is the legal and rate covenants associated with a revenue bond. The utility is required to maintain their rates at a sufficient level to assure repayment of the debt service. This is monitored via a debt service coverage ratio (DSC). DSC ratios typically fall in the range of 1.25 to 1.50. That means, a utility or City must be able to pay the principal, interest, and another 25 to 50 percent of that total payment. This is a financial measure of the health of the utility(ies). This buffer ensures bond holders that the principal and interest payments will in fact be made. By issuing a combined utility bond, the coverage can be provided (met) by the other utility and it does not place as much financial and rate pressure on the storm water utility. Prior to any rate adjustments, the storm water utility is pressed to meet the principal and interest payments solely from current rate revenue in the last three years of the review period. The City will need to monitor this financial parameter carefully over the next five years. Legislation allows revenue bonds to be supported by an assessment placed upon measurable property values such as square footage. These bonds, in some cases, can be backed by the general obligation of the taxpayers (i.e. “double barreled bonds”). General Obligation (G.O.) Bonds – G.O. bonds are similar to revenue bonds, but have some distinct differences. First, G.O. bonds are typically backed by property taxes. The bonds are typically authorized by a vote of the people. Utilities typically do not use G.O. bonds due to the voting requirement, but in addition, most cities prefer to reserve their G.O. bonding capacity for other municipal projects that are not enterprise fund related. Utility Special Improvement Districts – A utility special improvement district (SID) is a group of property owners that agree to pay for specific improvements March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 6-9 that benefit them directly. The utility typically issues a form of long-term debt and the property owners are assessed a property tax to repay the loan. This financing option is used most often when an improvement will clearly benefit only select properties, and not provide overall benefits to the entire system. Montana Treasure State Endowment Program - The Treasure State Endowment Program (TSEP) is a state-funded grant and loan program designed to assist cities, districts, and counties in financing wastewater systems, drinking water systems, sanitary or storm water systems, solid waste disposal and separation systems, and bridges. Grant amounts from this program are capped at $750,000 and generally require a 50% match. Projects submitted for assistance by this program would be due in May of each year and require legislative approval, the earliest coming in spring of the following year. Grant funds are not available until July of that following year, at the earliest. The TSEP program also has grant funds available for preparation of Preliminary Engineering Reports. Projects showing significant public health or safety needs fare well in the TSEP program. Financial need and local planning is also a consideration. DNRC Water Development Grant and Loan Program - This grant and loan program is administered by the Montana Department of Natural Resources and Conservation. The DNRC grants are limited to $100,000. Projects that conserve, manage, develop or protect Montana's renewable resources are eligible for funding. Projects that conserve or reuse natural resources or promote the sound use of water tend to do well in competing for these grant funds. Applications to this program are received in May, on the same schedule as TSEP grants. The Renewable Resource Loan Program makes loans to communities for renewable resource projects which could include water, wastewater or storm drain projects similar the Montana State Revolving Loan Program. The program was started in 1981 by the Montana Legislature, which granted a total of $250 million in coal tax bonding authority. The DNRC encourages communities to apply to the SRF program first before considering the Renewable Resource Loan program. USDA Rural Utility Services (RUS) -The RUS loan and grant program is administered by the Rural Utilities Services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, formerly known as the Farmers Home Administration (FmHA). RUS has grants and loans available with the mixture of the two dependent on the community’s residential income and target user rates. Loan terms for as much as 40 years are possible. Water and sewer systems are typically funded with financial assistance from this program. Montana Wastewater and Drinking Water State Revolving Fund Loan Programs -While primarily a water and wastewater loan program, storm water projects showing water pollution control benefits can also be funded with SRF loan assistance. 6-10 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 6.0 Financial Plan Intercap Loan Program - The Montana Board of Investments of the Montana Department of Commerce (DOC) administers this loan program which is available to communities for paying for capital improvements. The INTERCAP Program is a low cost, variable-rate program that lends money to Montana local governments, state agencies and the university system for the purpose of financing or refinancing the acquisition and installation of equipment or personal and real property and infrastructure improvements. The Board of Investments issues tax-exempt bonds and loans the proceeds to eligible borrowers. In addition to long-term financing, INTERCAP is an excellent source for interim financing. The loan term is up to 10 years or the useful life of the project. The funding is always available and is not subject to a funding cycle. Maximum loan amount per project depends on borrower’s legal debt authority. While the above list of possible grant and loan opportunities for the City is not exhaustive, it does however, highlight the most probable outside funding sources available to the City for its storm sewer capital improvements. 6.6 Summary of the Financial Projections A summary of the financial plan and resulting financial status of the storm water system is provided below in Table 6-3. This is an abbreviated summary of the actual detailed analysis that was developed for the City, but it does summarize the major elements of the City’s analysis, along with the findings and conclusions. Another indicator of financial viability is the debt service coverage ratio. As can be seen in Table 6-4, the target value of 1.25 debt service coverage, with impact fee revenue not included, is not met in most of the years. The debt service coverage ratio, after rate increases and impact fee revenue are included in the calculation, meets the requirements. Table 6-3. Summary of the City's Five-Year Financial Plan ($000) Actual FY 06/07 Budget FY 07/08 FY 08/09 FY 09/10 FY 10/11 FY 11/12 FY 12/13 Sources of Funds Rate Revenues $538 $615 $633 $652 $672 $692 $713 Misc. Revenues 80 72 23 23 24 20 19 Total Sources of Funds $618 $687 $656 $675 $696 $712 $732 Applications of Funds March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 6-11 Actual FY 06/07 Budget FY 07/08 FY 08/09 FY 09/10 FY 10/11 FY 11/12 FY 12/13 Operating Costs $412 $588 $559 $575 $592 $610 $627 CIP from Rates 0 131 180 180 180 190 190 Debt Service (Net) 0 0 0 45 351 350 438 Change in Working Capital 186 0 4 4 4 7 9 Total Revenue Requirement $598 $719 $743 $804 $1,127 $1,157 $1,264 Balance/(Defic.) of Revenue $20 ($32)($87)($129)($431) ($445) ($532) Cumulative Deficit as a % of Rates -3.7% 5.3%13.8%19.8%64.2% 64.4% 74.7% Other Financial Measures - Debt Service Coverage: Without Impact Fees Before Rate Adjustments 0.00 0.00 0.72 0.26 0.13 0.13 0.13 After Rate Adjustments 0.00 0.00 1.45 0.81 0.57 0.77 0.92 With Impact Fees Before Rate Adjustments 0.00 0.00 3.16 1.96 0.98 1.00 0.94 After Rate Adjustments 0.00 0.00 3.89 2.51 1.42 1.63 1.73 Change in Working Capital: The term “Change in Working Capital” indicates the use of or restoration of reserves for various cost purposes. In the case of the storm water utility, it can be seen in Table 6-4 that over the projected time period, each year an amount less than $10,000 is added to the operating reserve (working capital) in order to maintain or meet the recommended minimum balance for that reserve of 90 days of O&M expenses. The balance is above this target for the entire review period, until 2013, when it just meets the minimum target. It will be important for the City to monitor this fund balance in future years and maintain the 90 day minimum balance in order to ensure adequate cash flow for expenses. 6-12 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 6.0 Financial Plan Table 6-4 also indicates the City should also monitor the debt service coverage requirement and try to move to a financial position where the utility can meet the 1.0, and preferably a 1.25 on a stand alone basis with impact fees included in the calculation. As can be seen from the table above, rate adjustments will be required in FY 2009 through 2013. These adjustments will need to be made to meet the on- going needs of the storm water utility system, as identified within this document. It should be noted that the balance or deficiencies in any single year are cumulative; any adjustments in the initial years will reduce the deficiency in the following years. The total level of deficiency is projected to be approximately $532,000 or 74.7% by 2013. It was determined that a series of rate adjustments beginning in 08/09 are necessary. Over the five-year period, rates need to be adjusted upwards each year in order to adequately and properly fund the City’s storm water utility O&M and capital infrastructure needs. It is important to note that this level of adjustment is predicated upon an assumed three percent per year level of growth of the system. Should this growth slow down, or not occur, the level of required rate adjustment should be reviewed. Details of the financial plan can be found in Appendix E. 6.7 Rate Impacts While this plan is not a comprehensive rate study, it can provide relative guidance to the City of the potential rates over time and the needed adjustments over the projected five-year period. Based upon the financial plan developed herein, the storm water utility will operate at a deficit during the five-year period of 2009 – 2013. It was determined that a series of rate adjustments beginning in 08/09 are necessary. The proposed adjustments in Table 6-4 show an 11.8 percent rate adjustment for each year of the five year period. The rates should be reviewed at the end of the five-year period to make sure financial changes have not occurred. Table 6-4 provides a summary of the rate transition plan for the storm sewer utility. Table 6-4. Overview of the Rate Transition Plan FY 07/08 FY 08/09 FY 09/10 FY 10/11 FY 11/12 FY 12/13 Present Average Annual Residential Rate $3.48 Proposed Rate Adjustments 0.0% 11.8% 11.8% 11.8% 11.8% 11.8% March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 6-13 FY 07/08 FY 08/09 FY 09/10 FY 10/11 FY 11/12 FY 12/13 Projected Avg. Annual Residential Rate $3.48 $3.90 $4.35 $4.85 $5.45 $6.10 $ Change Per Assessment $0.00 $0.42 $0.45 $0.50 $0.60 $0.65 Cumulative $ Change Per Assessment $0.00 $0.42 $0.87 $1.37 $1.97 $2.62 [1] – Assessed annually on the customers property tax bill. With the above rate increases, in FY 11 and FY 12 reserves will be needed to meet total operating and capital needs. While this is not a good practice on an on-going basis, it is appropriate on a temporary basis if the long-term picture shows improvements, which is the case. By FY 13 the utility is fully covering total costs with that year’s revenue. Reserve funding appears adequate to accommodate this temporary need. 6.8 Review of the City’s Storm Water Rates The City has adopted storm water rates to meet their financial requirements. Provided in Table 6-5 are the current (2007/2008) adopted storm water rates of the City. Table 6-5. Overview of the City's Current Storm Water Rates Category/Description $/square foot (1) Vacant Land up to 2 Acres $0.0030 Maximum Annual Charge $260.85 (2) Residential up to ½ Acre $0.0058 Maximum Annual Charge $126.08 (3) Commercial 90% Covered $0.0104 (4) Commercial 100% Covered $0.0130 The City’s has four categories for storm water rates. The first is for vacant land up to 2 acres, the second is for residential property up to one-half acre in size, the third is for commercial land up to 90% covered with impervious area, and the final is for all commercial with greater than 90% covered. Each of these categories has a charge per square foot. The charge is collected on the property tax bill sent to the City’s customers. These rates should uniformly be increased by 11.8% per year over the next five year period to meet the financial needs of the utility. The City may wish to develop a cost of service analysis as part of the rate study to determine if any rate design adjustments should be considered. 6-14 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update March 28, 2008 6.0 Financial Plan March 28, 2008 City of Kalispell Storm Water Facility Plan Update 6-15 6.9 Summary of Storm Water Financial Plan The results provided within this section were developed using the City’s financial records, are cost-based and utilize sound financial practices and guidelines. The financial plan results indicate that storm water rates for the five-year projected time horizon of FY 2009 to FY 2013 will be deficient in meeting the projected O&M, capital, and debt service requirements. The levels of rate adjustments needed presented within this section document the needs for future rate adjustments. Continued analysis and monitoring of capital funding and financing and other major changes in costs will provide the City with the information necessary to determine future rate adjustments. The projections and findings of this financial plan will enable the City’s storm water utility to operate on a financially sound basis. APPENDIX APPENDIX A: Regulatory Storm Water Permits: City of Kalispell Ordinance No. 1600 MS4 General Permit Co-Application MS4 Authorization MTR040005 City of Kalispell Ordinance No. 1600 STORM SEWER EXHIBIT 1 Budget FY 2007/08 FY 2008/09 FY 2009/10 FY 2010/11 FY 2011/12 FY 2012/13 SOURCES OF FUNDS Present Rate Revenues $615,000 $633,450 $652,454 $672,027 $692,188 $712,954 Miscellaneous Revenues 72,500 22,634 22,685 24,152 19,679 18,556 ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- TOTAL SOURCES OF FUNDS $687,500 $656,084 $675,138 $696,179 $711,867 $731,510 APPLICATIONS OF FUNDS Operating Costs $588,885 $559,586 $575,754 $592,404 $609,551 $627,209 ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- TOTAL O&M EXPENSE $588,885 $559,586 $575,754 $592,404 $609,551 $627,209 CAPITAL PROJECT BUDGET Capital Improvements $616,248 $2,515,000 $4,974,960 $6,813,350 $1,200,000 $2,037,000 Less: Outside Funding 485,000 2,335,000 4,794,960 6,633,350 1,010,000 1,847,000 ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- TOTAL CIP FROM RATES $131,248 $180,000 $180,000 $180,000 $190,000 $190,000 Debt Service (Net) [1]$0 $0 $44,330 $351,027 $350,409 $437,549 Change in Working Capital $0 $4,180 $4,242 $4,306 $7,870 $9,436 ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- ---------------- TOTAL REVENUE REQUIREMENTS $720,133 $743,766 $804,326 $1,127,738 $1,157,830 $1,264,195 BALANCE/(DEFICIENCY) IN RATES ($32,633) ($87,682) ($129,188) ($431,559) ($445,963) ($532,685) RATE ADJUSTMENT AS A % OF RATE REV 5.3% 13.8% 19.8% 64.2% 64.4% 74.7% PROPOSED RATE ADJUSTMENT 0.0% 11.8% 11.8% 11.8% 11.8% 11.8% AVERAGE MONTHLY RESIDENTIAL RATE $3.48 $3.90 $4.35 $4.85 $5.45 $6.10 Debt Service Coverage Ratio Before Impact Fees Before Rate Adjustment 0.00 0.72 0.26 0.13 0.13 0.13 After Rate Adjustment 0.00 1.45 0.81 0.57 0.77 0.92 Debt Service Coverage Ratio with Impact Fees Before Rate Adjustment 0.00 3.16 1.96 0.98 1.00 0.94 After Rate Adjustment 0.00 3.89 2.51 1.42 1.63 1.73 Target for Reserve (Emergency, Capital and Operating) $313,317 $306,092 $310,079 $314,184 $318,412 $322,766 Balance/(Deficiency) from Target $853,963 $697,301 $687,910 $436,277 $225,335 $321,534 [1] No current debt service in 07/08. The 08/09 debt service is net of impact fees. Projected CITY OF KALISPELL - STORM SEWER SUMMARY OF SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS OF FUNDS HDR Inc 3/19/2008 SS - 1 CITY OF KALISPELL STORM SEWER EXHIBIT 2 ESCALATION FACTORS Budget Escalation Factors FY 2007/08 FY 2008/09 FY 2009/10 FY 2010/11 FY 2011/12 FY 2012/13 Revenues: Assessments Calculated 3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0% Other Income Budget 1.0%1.0%1.0%1.0%1.0% Interest Earnings Budget 3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0% Expenses: Labor Budget 2.5%2.5%2.5%2.5%2.5% Benefits Budget 4.0%4.0%4.0%4.0%4.0% Materials & Supplies Budget 3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0% Miscellaneous Operating Expenses Budget 1.5%1.5%1.5%1.5%1.5% Growth Rate Calculated 3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0%3.0% Debt Issues Low Interest Loans Term (Max 10 Year)10 10 10 10 10 10 Rate 3.50% 3.50% 3.50% 3.50% 3.50% 3.50% Revenue Bonds Term 20 20 20 20 20 20 Rate 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% 5.00% Projected HDR Inc 3/19/2008 SS - 2 CITY OF KALISPELL Page 1 of 4 STORM SEWER EXHIBIT 3 SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS OF FUNDS Budget FY 2007/08 FY 2008/09 FY 2009/10 FY 2010/11 FY 2011/12 FY 2012/13 Notes: SOURCES OF FUNDS Charges for Services 343370 Storm Assessments-Billed $615,000 $633,450 $652,454 $672,027 $692,188 $712,954 Esc. as Assessments Other 000000Esc. as Assessments ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total Charges for Services $615,000 $633,450 $652,454 $672,027 $692,188 $712,954 Other/Miscellaneous Revenue 343034 Permit Fees $500 $505 $510 $515 $520 $526 Esc. As Other Income 334040 Petro Tank/Monitoring Reimb State 10,000 10,300 10,609 10,927 11,255 11,593 Esc. As Other Income 363040 Penalty & Interest 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 Esc. As Other Income 371010 Interest 60,000 9,829 9,566 10,709 5,904 4,438 Calculated on Oper. Reserves ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total Other Revenue $72,500 $22,634 $22,685 $24,152 $19,679 $18,556 Total Sources of Funds $687,500 $656,084 $675,138 $696,179 $711,867 $731,510 APPLICATIONS OF FUNDS Personnel Services: 110 Salaries & Wages (includes taxes)$274,135 $280,988 $288,013 $295,213 $302,594 $310,159 Esc. as Labor 121 Overtime 4,500 4,613 4,728 4,846 4,967 5,091 Esc. as Labor 153 Health Insurance 61,912 64,388 66,964 69,643 72,428 75,325 Esc. as Benefits 155 Retirement 15,849 16,483 17,142 17,828 18,541 19,283 Esc. as Benefits ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total Personnel Services $356,396 $366,472 $376,847 $387,530 $398,530 $409,858 Materials and Services: 210 Office Supplies & Small Office Equipment $3,850 $3,966 $4,084 $4,207 $4,333 $4,463 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 214 GIS Supplies 3,000 3,090 3,183 3,278 3,377 3,478 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 215 Computer Supplies 10,000 10,300 10,609 10,927 11,255 11,593 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 216 Computer Equipment 5,000 5,150 5,305 5,464 5,628 5,796 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 218 Equipment (non capital)4,000 4,120 4,244 4,371 4,502 4,637 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 221 Safety Equip. & Supplies 5,500 5,665 5,835 6,010 6,190 6,376 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 229 Other Supplies 2,500 2,575 2,652 2,732 2,814 2,898 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 231 Gas & Oil 8,500 8,755 9,018 9,288 9,567 9,854 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 241 Consumable Tools 500 515 530 546 563 580 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 320 Printing-blue prints, etc.200 206 212 219 225 232 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 345 Telephone & Communications 600 618 637 656 675 696 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 353 Auditing 600 618 637 656 675 696 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 354 Contract Services 9,000 9,270 9,548 9,835 10,130 10,433 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 356 Storm Water Reg Compliance Program 10,000 10,300 10,609 10,927 11,255 11,593 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 357 Facility Plan Phase II 45,000 00000One-time cost 359 TMDL/Permit 50,000 51,500 53,045 54,636 56,275 57,964 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 360 Repair & Maint. Services 1,000 1,030 1,061 1,093 1,126 1,159 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 362 Groundwater Monitoring 20,000 20,600 21,218 21,855 22,510 23,185 Esc. as Mat & Suppl Projected HDR Inc 3/19/2008 SS - 3 CITY OF KALISPELL Page 2 of 4 STORM SEWER EXHIBIT 3 SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS OF FUNDS Budget FY 2007/08 FY 2008/09 FY 2009/10 FY 2010/11 FY 2011/12 FY 2012/13 Notes: Projected 371 Curb & Gutter 5,000 5,150 5,305 5,464 5,628 5,796 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 373 School & Travel 3,500 3,605 3,713 3,825 3,939 4,057 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 388 Medical Services 250 258 265 273 281 290 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 410 Construction Materials 10,000 10,300 10,609 10,927 11,255 11,593 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 510 Property & Liability Ins.7,500 7,725 7,957 8,195 8,441 8,695 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 521 Central Garage Transfer 2,000 2,060 2,122 2,185 2,251 2,319 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 522 Administrative Transfer 16,480 16,974 17,484 18,008 18,548 19,105 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 528 Data Processing Transfer 3,859 3,975 4,094 4,217 4,343 4,474 Esc. as Mat & Suppl 532 Lease Payments 4,650 4,790 4,933 5,081 5,234 5,391 Esc. as Mat & Suppl ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total Materials and Services $232,489 $193,114 $198,907 $204,874 $211,021 $217,351 Total Operations & Maintenance Expense $588,885 $559,586 $575,754 $592,404 $609,551 $627,209 Capital Improvement Projects $1,447,000 W Stillwater River CB-113A/B $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 City CIP Plan 1,588,000 W Stillwater River CB-114 000000City CIP Plan 401,000 W Stillwater River CB-115 000000City CIP Plan 3,354,000 W Kalispell CB-110 000000City CIP Plan 5,835,000 W Kalispell CB-111 000000City CIP Plan 1,654,000 W Kalispell CB-112 000000City CIP Plan 4,884,000 S Kalispell CB-136A/B 000000City CIP Plan 2,974,000 S Kalispell CB-137 000000City CIP Plan 1,933,000 S Kalispell CB-156 000000City CIP Plan 1 Spring Creek Reroute/Lower Spring Creek Overflow 0 170,000 750,000 0 0 0 Comp Plan 2 Stillwater Road/Willow Glen Drive 75,000 170,000 680,000 0 0 0 Comp Plan 3 West Stillwater COP-124 [1]0 500,000 1,952,500 1,952,500 0 0 3-5 Years; Comp Plan 4 North Kalispell COP-118 [1]0 0 500,000 2,775,000 0 0 5-10 Years: Comp Plan 5 North Kalispell COP-119 [1]0000400,000 1,237,000 5-10 Years: Comp Plan 6 CB Land Acquisitions for projects 0 800,000 800,000 800,000 800,000 800,000 CIP $24 mill CB projects/30 yrs. Northridge Heights Storm Drainage 0 875,000 0000City CIP Plan Southeast Storm Drainage 0 0 0 1,285,850 0 0 City CIP Plan Liberty Street Storm Drainage 0 0 142,460 0 0 0 City CIP Plan 2-Mile/3-Mile Drive Spring Creek Detention Analysis 0 0 150,000 0 0 0 City CIP Plan Lift Station #1 Design & Replace 184,998 00000City CIP Plan Facility Plan Phase 1 & 2 81,000 00000City CIP Plan Storm Drain Corrections 145,000 00000City CIP Plan Glenwood Dr Storm Drainage Construction 90,000 00000City CIP Plan Machinery & Equipment 40,250 00000City CIP Plan ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total Capital Improvements $616,248 $2,515,000 $4,974,960 $6,813,350 $1,200,000 $2,037,000 Less: Outside Funding Sources From Designated Captial Reserve $0 $21,500 $70,000 $110,580 $101,520 $655 Input From Operating Reserve 325,000 00000Input From Impact Fees 95,000 289,500 227,960 239,500 327,480 223,545 50% of Impact Fees Developer Contributions 65,000 656,000 1,923,000 2,211,000 480,000 814,800 40% developer contributions HDR Inc 3/19/2008 SS - 4 CITY OF KALISPELL Page 3 of 4 STORM SEWER EXHIBIT 3 SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS OF FUNDS Budget FY 2007/08 FY 2008/09 FY 2009/10 FY 2010/11 FY 2011/12 FY 2012/13 Notes: Projected Low Interest 000000 SRF Loans 0 728,000 1,497,000 1,272,270 101,000 808,000 Revenue Bonds 0 640,000 1,077,000 2,800,000 0 0 ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total Outside Funding Sources $485,000 $2,335,000 $4,794,960 $6,633,350 $1,010,000 $1,847,000 Total Capital Projects Funded from Rates $131,248 $180,000 $180,000 $180,000 $190,000 $190,000 Deprec. Exp. $180,000 in 2006 Debt Service Low Interest $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 10 Years @ 3.5% SRF Loans 0 51,223 156,553 246,072 253,178 310,030 20 Years @ 3.5% Revenue Bonds 0 51,355 137,777 362,456 362,456 362,456 20 Years @ 5.0% ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------ Total Debt Service $0 $102,578 $294,330 $608,527 $615,634 $672,486 Less: Impact Fees $0 $102,578 $250,000 $257,500 $265,225 $234,936 <=50% of Impact Fees --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- Net Debt Service Payment $0 $0 $44,330 $351,027 $350,409 $437,549 Change in Working Capital Operating Fund $0 $0 $0 $0 $3,500 $5,000 Designated Capital/Equipment Replacement Fund 000000 Miscellaneous Operating Expenses 0 4,180 4,242 4,306 4,370 4,436 As Misc Operating Expenses ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- ----------- Total Change in Working Capital $0 $4,180 $4,242 $4,306 $7,870 $9,436 TOTAL REVENUE REQUIREMENTS $720,133 $743,766 $804,326 $1,127,738 $1,157,830 $1,264,195 Balance/(Deficiency) of Funds ($32,633) ($87,682) ($129,188) ($431,559) ($445,963) ($532,685) RATE ADJUSTMENT AS % OF RATES 5.3% 13.8% 19.8% 64.2% 64.4% 74.7% Proposed Rate Adjustment 0.0% 11.8% 11.8% 11.8% 11.8% 11.8% Addt'l Rev from Proposed Adjustments $0 $74,747 $163,064 $267,074 $389,224 $532,336 Net Bal/(Def) of Funds After Rate Adj.($32,633) ($12,935) $33,876 ($164,485) ($56,739) ($349) Additional Rate Increase Needed 5.3%2.0%-5.2% 24.5%8.2%0.0% AVERAGE MONTHLY RESIDENTIAL RATE $3.48 $3.90 $4.35 $4.85 $5.45 $6.10 Debt Service Coverage Ratio Before Impact Fees Before Rate Adjustment 0.00 0.72 0.26 0.13 0.13 0.13 Minimum = 1.25 After Rate Adjustment 0.00 1.45 0.81 0.57 0.77 0.92 Debt Service Coverage Ratio with Impact Fees Before Rate Adjustment 0.00 3.16 1.96 0.98 1.00 0.94 Minimum = 1.25 After Rate Adjustment 0.00 3.89 2.51 1.42 1.63 1.73 [1] These are primarily growth related projects which will be funded from impact fee and developer funds. HDR Inc 3/19/2008 SS - 5 CITY OF KALISPELL Page 4 of 4 STORM SEWER EXHIBIT 3 SOURCES AND APPLICATIONS OF FUNDS Budget FY 2007/08 FY 2008/09 FY 2009/10 FY 2010/11 FY 2011/12 FY 2012/13 Notes: Projected FUND BALANCES 10100 Operating Cash Beginning Balance $685,250 $327,617 $318,862 $356,980 $196,800 $147,932 Plus: Additions of Funds 00003,500 5,000 Miscellaneous Operating Expenses 0 4,180 4,242 4,306 4,370 4,436 Net Bal/(Def) of Funds After Rate Adj.(32,633) (12,935) 33,876 (164,485) (56,739)(349) Less: Uses of Funds 325,000 00000 Ending Balance $327,617 $318,862 $356,980 $196,800 $147,932 $157,019 Minimum Target Balance: 90 Days O&M + Taxes $145,205 $137,980 $141,967 $146,072 $150,300 $154,654 10120 Impact Fee Reserves (Plant Investment Fees/Capital Capacity Related) Beginning Balance $186,551 $281,551 $147,919 $174,397 $197,629 $141,303 343033 Plus: Impact Fees 190,000 250,000 500,000 515,000 530,450 546,364 Esc. as Assmts; Incr. 100% '09/10 Interest Earnings 0 8,447 4,438 5,232 5,929 4,239 As Interest Less: Uses of Funds - CIP 95,000 289,500 227,960 239,500 327,480 223,545 Use of Funds - Debt Service 0 102,578 250,000 257,500 265,225 234,936 Ending Balance $281,551 $147,919 $174,397 $197,629 $141,303 $233,424 10122 Capital Reserve Beginning Balance $143,112 $143,112 $143,112 $143,112 $143,112 $143,112 Plus: Additions of Funds 000000 Less: Uses of Funds 000000 Ending Balance $143,112 $143,112 $143,112 $143,112 $143,112 $143,112 10127 Emergency Reserve Beginning Balance $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 Plus: Additions of Funds 000000 Less: Uses of Funds 000000 Ending Balance $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 $25,000 10190 Designated for Equipment Replacement Beginning Balance $40,000 $40,000 $40,000 $40,000 $40,000 $40,000 Plus: Additions of Funds 000000 Less: Uses of Funds 000000 Ending Balance $40,000 $40,000 $40,000 $40,000 $40,000 $40,000 10193 Designated for Capital Projects Beginning Balance $350,000 $350,000 $328,500 $258,500 $147,920 $46,400 Plus: R&R from Rates 000000 Less: Uses of Funds 0 21,500 70,000 110,580 101,520 655 Ending Balance $350,000 $328,500 $258,500 $147,920 $46,400 $45,745 Total All Cash $1,167,280 $1,003,393 $997,989 $750,461 $543,747 $644,300 Target for Reserve (Emergency, Capital and Operating)$313,317 $306,092 $310,079 $314,184 $318,412 $322,766 Balance/(Deficiency) from Target $853,963 $697,301 $687,910 $436,277 $225,335 $321,534 HDR Inc 3/19/2008 SS - 6 CITY OF KALISPELL STORMWATER EXHIBIT 4 HISTORICAL REVENUE REQUIRMENTS 2001-2002 2002-2003 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006 2006-2007 Sources of Funds Operating Revenue Rate Revenue $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Charges for Services 000000 Miscellaneous 000000 Special Assessments 269,362 273,142 327,401 392,160 466,424 540,425 Total Revenues $269,362 $273,142 $327,401 $392,160 $466,424 $540,425 Applications of Funds Operating Costs Personal Services $75,070 $90,774 $80,727 $119,483 $165,332 $261,897 Supplies 4,638 3,861 6,158 5,625 13,118 11,315 Purchased Services 11,702 7,819 24,372 25,604 22,736 102,028 Building Materials 234 1,440 697 19,021 782 8,824 Fixed Charges 14,759 21,674 17,770 2,278 21,151 27,499 Loss/Bad Debt Expenses 000000 Depreciation 36,661 94,266 113,911 126,888 181,627 187,453 Total Operating Expenses $143,064 $219,834 $243,635 $298,899 $404,746 $599,016 Operating Income (Loss)$126,298 $53,308 $83,766 $93,261 $61,678 ($58,591) Non-Operating Revenue (Expenses) Intergovernmental $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $15,726 Hookups 00000188,006 Contribution Revenue 0 7,259 284,366 1,401,117 0 1,484,765 Interest Revenue 22,858 13,837 11,277 8,976 36,115 60,203 Debt Service Interest (1,377)(773)(566)(403)(388)0 Gain (Loss) on the sale of Capital Assets 000000 Total Non-Operating Revenue (Expenses) $21,481 $20,323 $295,077 $1,409,690 $35,727 $1,748,700 Net Income (Loss)$147,779 $73,631 $378,843 $1,502,951 $97,405 $1,690,109 Add Depreciation on property and equipment acquired with capital contributions $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 $0 Increase (Decrease) Retained Earnings $147,779 $73,631 $378,843 $1,502,951 $97,405 $1,690,109 From City's Income Statements Fiscal Years SS - 7